Beigu Pavilion

Beigu building

synonym

Beigu Pavilion generally refers to Beigu building

Beigu tower, also known as Beigu Pavilion, is located in Beigu mountain of Zhenjiang. In the Six Dynasties, Xiao Yan, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty, once wrote the title of "the best River and mountain in the world".

The origin of the name

In the Jin Dynasty, Cai Mo first raised the building to store the army's material, and Xie Anfu repaired it. After the collapse, there is still a small pavilion on the top, which is very narrow. The justice of Liang and Xiao in the Southern Dynasty is the road of wide development. In 544 A.D., Emperor Wudi of Liang Dynasty ascended the mountain for a long time and said, "this mountain is not strong enough, but the entrance to the capital is really magnificent. Therefore, it was changed to Beigu building. Refer to Gu Zuyu's summary of history reading Fang Yu · Jiangnan Yi · Zhenjiang Fu. Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty wrote the poem "Deng Bei Gu Lou".

geographical position

It is now on Beigu mountain, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province.

Specific introduction

Introduction 1

In March 1204, the fourth year of Jiatai reign of ningzong in the Southern Song Dynasty, Xin Qiji, 64 years old, became the magistrate of Zhenjiang. (1203) Han kuozhou, the leader of the main war faction, took charge of the Dynasty and appointed a group of old ministers who firmly resisted the Jin Dynasty. Xin Qiji, who had been idle for 20 years, was appointed the magistrate of Shaoxing and the pacifier of eastern Zhejiang. Xin Qiji was a representative figure who strongly advocated the restoration of the northern expedition after the south migration. He responded positively to Han's determination to the northern expedition, but opposed Han's hasty and rash proposal of cutting gold. According to the actual situation of both sides, he put forward three key principles: one is "no desire for speed", the other is "priority of trial", and the third is "ability to assume defeat". Han Jianzhou knew that Xin had always been the main fighter and had great courage, but he was worried that he was stubborn and difficult to control. He said in front of Ning Zong that Xin was old and should not be put on the front line to lead the troops. He had better stay at the mouth of Beijing to make the front fight without worry.

Introduction 2

In 1162, he passed through Zhenjiang to contact Geng Jing's volunteers to return to the Song Dynasty. He was deeply impressed by the dangerous terrain of the lock key of the great river here. After returning to the Song Dynasty, Xin Qiji married the daughter of fan Bangyan, a patriotic official. The model is the magistrate of Xinxi County of caizhou in the state of Jin. One year before Xin Qiji returned to the south, he returned to the Song Dynasty and lived in Zhenjiang. Their son-in-law and son-in-law share the same interests. Xin and his brother-in-law fan Rushan also share the same interests. Rushan's son fan Yan later became Xin's son-in-law. The relationship between the two generations is extraordinary. In his early years, Xin Qiji went to Zhenjiang's Yue family several times and met some Zhenjiang friends, such as Zhou Fu, Wu jiaoru and Liu Zai.

Related content

historical figure

Xin Qiji was no stranger to Zhenjiang. When he took office, he sent personnel to the enemy's rear to investigate the garrison, warehouse location and general's name. On the one hand, he recruited 10000 soldiers in Jianghuai area and made 10000 sets of military uniforms. He often went to the area along the river to observe the terrain and make specific plans for defense and attack. Only one year after he came to Zhenjiang, he made a lot of preparations for the northern expedition. However, Xin Qiji was not really valued by Han kuozhou and was transferred from Zhenjiang in 1205. Before that, when Han kuozhou bent on his own way and didn't listen to Xin Qiji's advice, he already felt that he was in a bad situation. He felt that the current situation was very difficult, and he had mixed feelings of sorrow and anger. This is the specific background of his nostalgia for the past when he ascended Beigu Pavilion (building). Beigu building was built in 335, the first year of emperor Xiankang of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. After the war, only the pavilion in the building was left. In history, many pavilions were built or moved, so Beigu tower and Beigu Pavilion were often called together. In 1202, two years before Xin Qiji was appointed governor of Zhenjiang, the second year of Jiatai, GE xuehuang rebuilt Beigu Pavilion again.

Related people

Beigu mountain is surrounded by a river, and it is known as xiongdang. In those days, when the hero walked his horse and tried his sword, it was hard for him to distinguish between Bo Zhong and the hero. Sun Liu decided to break Cao by riding a sheep. The setting sun grass and trees covered the old residence of jinu, and twice the Northern Expedition recovered the land lost in the Central Plains. The achievements of Sun Quan and Liu Yu made Xin Qiji yearn endlessly. Recalling his heroic killing of the enemy, he sincerely hoped to contribute to the great cause of the Northern Expedition and the unification of the whole country in the Southern Song Dynasty. He also quoted the failure of Yuanjia as a warning to Han Yuzhou that he should never act rashly. Standing at the head of Beigu building, Xin Qiji recalled the past and the present, and wrote yongyule and nanxiangzi. These are the magnificent treasures in the treasure house of Chinese literature, which can be called the double Bi of patriotic Literature (hereinafter referred to as "Beigu double Bi"), and also make the Beigu Pavilion (building) in Zhenjiang famous.

Celebrity's trace

[nanxiangzi]

Title: complete Song Ci by Xin Qiji

Where to look at China? Beigu building is full of scenery.

The rise and fall of the ages? Long! The Yangtze River is rolling.

As a young man, the southeast war is not over.

Who are the heroes in the world? Cao Liu, having a son should be like sun Zhongmou.

History and culture

Eastern Jin Dynasty

Taking a comprehensive view of the famous buildings built in scenic spots in ancient China, they often have the nature of commemoration, appreciation, worship or residence. They are civil buildings, but the Beigu building built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty is not. In the biography of Xiao Zhengyi by Li Yanshou of the Tang Dynasty, it is said: "in the early days, in the west of the capital, there were different mountains into the river, with a height of ten feet, three sides facing the water, and the name was Beigu. Cai Mo set up a building on it to set up a real army. " It can be seen that the Beigu building in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was originally used as a warehouse for "military real estate", which was a military building. In spite of this, beigulou in the Eastern Jin Dynasty is famous in history

The 1979 edition of CI yuan also included the entry of "Bei Gu Lou".

Beigu building is famous not only because of its superior geographical conditions and long history, but also because it encountered celebrities and was written into famous articles with rich connotations. It is built on Beigu mountain, adjacent to the iron urn of Dongwu in the South and the Yangtze River in the north. It is dangerous and spectacular. Therefore, when Emperor Wu of Liang ascended the Beigu building, he said with admiration, "it's true that there is a way to build a town. But looking to Haikou in the north is really spectacular. " Beigulou was built in the Xiankang period of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (335-342) after Cai Mo led the governor of Southern Xuzhou. It is only one hundred years later than the Yellow Crane Tower, which is said to have been built in the second year of Huangwu (223). However, in Jiangdong area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, it is the earliest building built along the river. It can be called the first building in Jiangdong, which can be compared with the first iron urn city in Soochow. Before it, Xiao Yan and his son of Liang Dynasty came to the pavilion to write poems, and then Xin Qiji of Southern Song Dynasty went to the pavilion to write poems.

According to the book of Liang, Emperor Wu's Chronicle, in March of 544, Emperor Wu's name was changed to Beigu. Xiao Yanyou's poem dengbeigulou describes the tour and praises Beigu's success. His son Xiao Gang also wrote the poem "Fenghe dengbei Gulou". More than 600 years later, Xin Qiji, the famous poet of the Southern Song Dynasty and the magistrate of Zhenjiang, ascended Beigu Pavilion. His well-known works "yongyule · Beigu Pavilion nostalgia in Jingkou" and "nanxiangzi · ascended Beigu Pavilion nostalgia in Jingkou" made Beigu tower and Beigu Pavilion well known. It can be said that the reason why people today know Beigu building and Beigu Pavilion is that they read these two words by Xin Qiji. Just as Cui Hao and Li Bai's poems made the Yellow Crane Tower famous, Xin Qiji's poems also made Beigu tower famous at home and abroad. Of course, the poetry of Xiao Yan and his son and the Ci of Xin Qiji play such a great role, which is also inseparable from the rich and profound historical and cultural connotation of Beigu building itself. Famous buildings and famous articles, complement each other, can last forever.

Xin Qiji

Xin Qiji of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote at the beginning of "nanxiangzi, beiguting, dengjingkou, Youhuai": "where to look at China? Beigu building is full of scenery. " Why does Xin Qiji say that he is "full of scenery" in Beigu pavilion? This problem can also be said to be an "eternal mystery". The answer to this "riddle" is often answered by scholars and commentators from the perspective that Beigu Pavilion is Beigu building. In fact, this view appeared after Xin Qiji wrote this word.

If Xin Qiji really thinks the same way, we can only think that he is also influenced by the misrepresentation in the biography of Xiao Zhengyi. However, we have not seen his positive explanation of Beigu Pavilion and Beigu tower. How can we conclude that "Beigu tower" by Xin Qiji refers to "Beigu Pavilion" in the title just by these two words? In my opinion, "Beigu building" in Xin Qiji's CI should be interpreted from the perspective of rhetoric. As we all know, Xin Qiji is a poet who loves to use allusions and is good at using them. There are several allusions in his "yongyule · beiguting nostalgia in Jingkou".

From the word itself of nanxiangzi, the allusion of Sun Quan related to Jingkou is obviously used in the next film, but it seems that there is no allusion in the last film, so the annotators and analyzers ignore it. In fact, the first two sentences do not mean that the author replaces Beigu pavilion with Beigu tower for rhyme, nor does it mean that the author thinks that Beigu tower is Beigu Pavilion, but secretly uses the allusion of emperor Liang Wu's ascending Beigu tower.

Because Beigu building is related to Beigu Pavilion, the author uses this allusion to describe his "Beigu" when he ascended Beigu Pavilion. He praises "the Grand View of Jingkou" and describes his feeling of looking north. He also uses the "Beigu" of emperor Liang Wu to contrast the "Beigu" of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty. That's why we have the feeling of "eternal rise and fall" and the praise of Sun Quan in the next film. I wonder if this understanding can help to explain this "eternal mystery"?

Beigu new building in Tang Dynasty

Although Beigu building in the Eastern Jin Dynasty still existed at the time of emperor Liang Wu, the southern history was written in the early Tang Dynasty. Since it was mentioned in the biography of Xiao Zhengyi that Beigu building had collapsed, at least it showed that this building was no longer in the early Tang Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Bei Gu Ting