Beidi Temple

Wudang Temple

synonym

Beidi Temple generally refers to Wudang temple

Wudang temple is located in dengmiao village, Jianglou Town, Dong'e County, Shandong Province. It is an ancient village with a long history and cultural heritage, with honest folk customs and numerous cultural relics. There is a well-known Wudang temple in the village, in which a group of stone statues of Wudang, Sanhuang, Fuxi, Shennong and famous doctors are worshipped. This group of stone statues are exquisitely carved and lifelike, especially Wudang God stone statues. It is not only the concentration and embodiment of Chinese traditional culture, but also the display of wisdom and strength of ancient working people. At present, the stone tombs of Han paintings in dengmiao village have also been opened to the public. The tombs are built with stone slabs, which are composed of ten rooms. Each room is connected with each other, and each stone slab has exquisite patterns, which are rare and precious in the field.

Introduction to cultural relics

Wudang Temple (there is a local saying that "first there was the martial party, then there was the Jade Emperor", also known as the Sanhuang hall, also known as the Yiwang Temple (or the Yaowang Temple). It seems that the temple is dedicated to Zhang Sanfeng, the founder of Wudang sect (locally known as Wudang God).

According to the records of Fangji in Ming history, Zhang Sanfeng was born in Yizhou, Eastern Liaoning. The name of Quanyi, a Junbao, Sanfeng is also its name. Because it does not decorate the margin, it is also called Zhang slovenly.

Qi and Wei, turtle shaped crane back, big ears round eyes, beard such as Ji. There is only one coir in cold and summer. Eat, Sheng Dou often do, or a few days to eat, or a few days do not eat. If you do not forget the book, you may not be able to travel forever, or you may be able to travel thousands of miles in a day.

He is good at playing and acting as if there is no one else. After a taste of Wudang's various rock valleys, the speaker said, "this mountain will prosper in another day.". When the five dragons, Nanyan, Zixiao are destroyed in the army. Sanfeng and his disciples went to the hazel trees, dug up the rubble, and built a cottage to live in. They have given up. "

The statue is a cross legged sitting statue, with no crown, dark hair and childlike face. It has a plump face and big eyes. It is dressed in robes and clothes, six hands holding rosary beads, folded books and Tai Chi pictures. It is barefoot and carved with cloud pattern at the back of the neck.

The total height is 192 cm and the width is 94 cm. On the left of the gate of Wudang temple, there is a statue of the king of Dharma protector. Wang Lingguan is the guardian of the Jade Emperor's palace.

This Taoist God was one of the twenty-six generals of Tianting. At first, he had no prominent personality, but at the beginning of Ming Dynasty, he was famous and well-known. According to Taoism, Lingguan is the general of Huofu. He has special courage to defend the people and is the door god of Taoism.

”The statue is a sitting statue, with a helmet on its head, teeth on its eyes, and a full face of beard. It is dressed in armor, robes, knees on both hands, and tiger head boots on its feet. The total height is 64 cm and the width is 38 cm.

There are three emperors, two medicine kings and ten famous doctors in the hall. The three emperors are Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi, which are commonly known as the emperor of heaven, the emperor of earth and the emperor of man. According to the book collection of ancient and modern books, shenyidian, Volume IV and IX: "Fuxi tasted grass to cure people's diseases. He was like a snake, a Linshou, a Qumei Daye, a Taimu zhuheng, a Junhao, Weng's beard, a dragon's lips and tortoise's teeth, a leaf shelter, holding pictures and eight trigrams.

Shennong grinds the mirage whip, looks at the color and smell, tastes the plants and corrects the name. The disease is 400, the medicine is 360, and there are five. He wrote "Materia Medica", which is chaotic after several times, just like Hongshen niuyi, Longyan Dabian, and hand herbs. Huang Di consulted Yu Qi and Lei Er wrote the canon of internal medicine. The jade version of the book looks like a letter attached to Tingduo, a beard repaired, and a crown filled dress. Left sun Siyi, once a doctor of Longzi, published qianjinfang in Longcang.

Right time Wei cizang, left will be a blade, right squat black dog, known as the king of medicine. There are ten famous doctors, including Qibo and Leigong in the three days, bianque in the Qin Dynasty, chunyuyi and Zhang Zhongjing in the Han Dynasty, Hualun in the Wei Dynasty, Wang Shuhe, huangfumi and Ge Hong in the Jin Dynasty, and Li Jinghe in the Tang Dynasty.

At present, there are nine statues of the three emperors, two pharmacists, four doctors, and the whereabouts of the other six doctors are unknown. The nine statues are exquisitely carved and lifelike, as described in the records.

There is no black dog beside Weici's hiding place. I don't know why. Why is there such a group of exquisite stone statues preserved in dengmiao village? It is understood that more than 40 years ago, there were 29 stone sculptures and clay figurines in dengmiao village.

There are five Wudang Temple steles rebuilt in Wanli, Chongzhen, Kangxi, Tongzhi and 1915. There is also a large iron clock with the word "Wanli year rebuilt".

The buildings include Wudang temple and Sanhuang hall, which are hard mountain buildings with five rooms wide and three rooms deep.

The 29 stone statues and clay sculptures are dedicated to the two halls.

The front hall is the Sanhuang hall, with 20 statues of Sanhuang, eryaowang and ten famous doctors. The back hall is Wudang temple, with 9 statues of Wudang God, Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang and stone heart sculptures. The hall of the three emperors was destroyed before the founding of the people's Republic of China

In 1917, to prevent the Yellow River from bursting, it was transported to the dam. From then on, the stone statues began to be destroyed. In addition to the parts transported to the river embankment, some of them were smashed and some of them were buried in the ground. The big iron clock was destroyed in the iron and steel smelting in the old 58 years. Wudang temple, Sanhuang hall and stone statues are no longer available.

The founding date is unknown, but judging from the existing stone pillar bases and the carving techniques and shape style of stone statues in the main hall. It seems to be a relic of the Yuan Dynasty.

In the spring and Autumn period, in the land of Lu, Zuo Zhuan recorded that in the 10th year of Yin Gong, the Duke of Qi met Zheng Bo in Zhongqiu and allied himself with Deng. At that time, it was relatively prosperous. In the Han Dynasty, it became the political and economic center of the region.

Beautiful legend

Wudang Temple according to investigation, Wudang temple in dengmiao village was famous for its Wudang God. There are two adjacent halls in the temple: Wudang hall and Sanhuang hall, both of which are hard mountain buildings with five rooms wide and three rooms deep.

There are 29 stone statues and 29 clay statues with stone core, which are respectively worshipped in the two halls. Wudang Temple includes Wudang, Fuxi, Shennong, SHAOHAO, Nuwa, wanglingguan, etc., and its three emperors hall includes emperor, Dihuang, renhuang and ten famous doctors, etc.; there are also five stone inscriptions of Wudang Temple rebuilt in Wanli and Chongzhen years of Ming Dynasty, Kangxi and Tongzhi years of Qing Dynasty, and the early years of the Republic of China, and one big iron bell for recording events cast in Wanli years of Ming Dynasty.

Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the hall of the three emperors was destroyed. Five inscriptions and some stone statues were built to prevent the breach of the Yellow River in 1947.

It was unearthed again in the summer of 1980. The iron bell was destroyed in 1958 when the iron and steel was being refined. As a result, Wudang Temple (including some existing stone statues) has no literature to draw lessons from, and its founding date is unknown.

Wudang God

Among the existing stone statues in Wudang temple, Wudang stone statues (commonly known as "Wudang master" or "Wudang master") are rarely seen in the world.

The statue is a high relief cross legged sitting statue, with thin eyebrows and big eyes, dark hair and childlike face. It has a bun on its head and a large sleeve robe. It has six hands, three of them holding Taiji picture, two holding books and one holding beads. The top of the head is a light relief cloud pattern backlight, and the back is a light relief pine tree.

With a total height of 192 cm and a width of 94 cm, it is a typical example of the integration of Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism.

This is the concentration and embodiment of Chinese traditional culture, and also the display of wisdom and strength of ancient working people.

As for the origin of the name "Wudang", there are few historical materials. Ask the local people and tell them that "Wudang first followed by Jade Emperor" or "Wudang first followed by heaven" is like a God who created heaven and earth. Therefore, some people wrote a couplet for Wudang Temple: "stepping on the blue waves to open the world, holding Taiji to fix the universe.".

The stone statues of Wudang have been preliminarily identified as relics of song and Yuan Dynasties by experts of stone carvings in Shandong Province.

temple fair

Wudang Temple Fair has a long history. According to the newly discovered stele of rebuilding Jiao in 1926, it is recorded as follows:

The name of the sacrificial ceremony is to set up an altar for praying, so it is to worship the gods. However, don't be the first, though the beauty is not obvious; don't be the second, though the biography of Buddhism is abundant. Therefore, I am the holy emperor of the temple and the ten famous doctors of the three emperors. Zhushengjun is very powerful. All the neighboring villages in this village are protected by him. Therefore, there was an Ping'an society. It has been built for many years, and there are inscriptions on it. Good men believed in women, prayed for the silent blessing of the gods, restored the happiness of the society, and attached to the completion of the three-year Jianjiao ceremony. I'm afraid it's a long time ago. Although it can be continued, it should be opened up. Fortunately, the undertakers are kind and tireless. They want to show the power of God, but not without the kindness of God. The former social surname has been listed as Zhenmin, and the later social surname should be immortal. The Lords of all societies ask for Yu as an article. I read little and know little about it.

From this we can see the scale of the prosperity of Wudang temple fair in the past.

After the founding of new China, temple fair was regarded as a feudal legacy and was banned.

In 1995, with the support and help of the local government and cultural management departments, in order to excavate the historical heritage and carry forward the traditional culture, the local villagers initiated a donation conference of "maintaining temples and protecting historic sites" at the time of the old temple fair. During the conference, the people of the four townships gathered, and their feelings were enthusiastic and generous. So far, the temple fair of Deng temple and Wudang temple was held as scheduled from the sixth to the eleventh day of the third month of the lunar calendar, mainly in the form of donations for the maintenance of cultural relics. During the temple fair, in addition to donation, incense and other activities, there are also performing village opera, speaking fast books, blowing suona, kneading dough figurines, frying Mahua and other artistic performances. The folk customs are still as lively as ever.

Address: 589 County Road

Longitude: 113

Chinese PinYin : Bei Di Miao