Former site of Hunan First Normal School

Former site of Hunan First Normal School

The former site of Hunan provincial first normal school, also known as Mao Zedong and the first normal school memorial hall, is located at the miaohuang peak of Shuyuan Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province. Founded in 1903, it is the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Its predecessor was Chengnan academy, Hunan Normal School, Hunan Normal School, Hunan middle road normal school, Hunan public first normal school.

In October 2018, it was rated as the national research and practice education base for primary and secondary school students.

Overview of SINOSURE

The predecessor of Hunan provincial first normal school is Chengnan academy founded by Southern Song Neo Confucianist Zhang Yao. Hunan Normal School was established in 1903, enjoying the reputation of "thousand year university, hundred year normal school". In 1911, the former site of "Chengnan academy" in shushushuping, Changsha was relocated and renamed as "Hunan provincial first normal school".

From the spring of 1913 to the summer of 1918, Mao Zedong studied in the eighth class of the school. At the same time, he Shuheng, Cai Hesen, Li Weihan, Xu Teli, Xia Xi, Xiao San, Ren Bishi, Liao Mosha and Zhou Gucheng all studied or worked in schools.

The school building of Hunan Provincial First Normal University imitates the architectural style of Japan's Aoyama Normal University. Brick and wood structure, sitting east facing west. It is composed of two buildings: the normal school department and the affiliated primary school department. The bungalows are organically combined with the two-story buildings. There are corridors or pavilions between the buildings, forming a courtyard. It was destroyed in Changsha Fire in 1938. It was rebuilt from 1966 to 1968. It covers an area of about 60000 square meters and a building area of 37000 square meters. There are 10 memorial sites, such as the eighth class classroom, night school for workers, principal office of affiliated primary school, newspaper reading room and gentleman Pavilion, which are restored and displayed and open to the public. In 1983, there was also a special exhibition hall for Mao Zedong's revolutionary activities in his youth and a school history exhibition room. The exhibition included Mao Zedong's lecture notes, night school diary and other cultural relics, as well as Mao Zedong's inscriptions on "the first normal school" and "to be a teacher of the people, be a student of the people first" in December 1950.

Architectural features

There are 36 buildings in the former site of Hunan provincial first normal school, including the main corridor building, a primary school attached to the first division and night school for workers. The main corridor building is located in the middle of the campus, which is composed of Mao Zedong's teaching building, self-study building, reading building, auditorium and dormitory when he was studying. The buildings are of different sizes, scattered and orderly in height, and the bungalows and buildings are very elegant. The plane layout is in the shape of "back", or "concave", or "convex" or "H", which scientifically considers the effect of lighting and ventilation. The appearance is solemn and elegant. The corridor between buildings is circuitous and connected with each other. The pillars of the corridor are huge, with double arches, moderate arch distance and crown span, which is stable and generous. The foundation of qingmashi house is higher than the ground, which plays a good role in preventing rain and moisture The steps, columns, eaves and ridges are clear and angular, which sets off the walls, doors and windows, eaves and frames, green and white, simple and elegant.

On the left side of the main building is a primary school attached to the first division, and on the right side is the night school for workers. The whole site is divided into three parts by two north-south East-West roads. The architectural style is in harmony with the main building.

The architectural style of the old site is mainly western style, and there is no lack of Chinese traditional architectural techniques, such as courtyard, courtyard, roof, or four corners, or six corners, decorated with the top, all showing the integration and penetration of Chinese and Western culture.

famous alumni

Zeng Guofan and Huang Xing, the famous figures in modern Chinese history, were once in Tibet; Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, he Shuheng, Ren Bishi, Li Weihan and Xiao San, the proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation, studied here; Xu Teli, Yang Changji, Li Jinxi, Wang Jifan, Li Da and Zhou Gucheng, among the teachers and students of Hunan No.1 normal school, 48 were recorded in Ci Hai, and 3 were representatives of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In particular, Mao Zedong, a great man of a generation, studied and worked here for eight years. Here, Mao Zedong set up the grand ambition of "transforming China and the world", and completed the transformation from a student, teacher to a professional revolutionary, from a radical democrat to a Marxist. Here, Mao Zedong engaged in the work of building the party and League, and from here to the first National Congress of the party. In the winter of 1920, Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui formed a revolutionary partner in a primary school affiliated to a division. There are 14 memorial sites for Mao Zedong's revolutionary activities in his youth, including the school auditorium, the eighth classroom, the eighth dormitory, the well, the self-study room, the newspaper reading room, the gentleman Pavilion, the night school for workers, the attached principal room, and the twenty-two classroom for Mao Zedong to teach. And the memorial sites are well preserved, display unique, precious.

Honors

The former site of Hunan provincial first normal school was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council in May 2006, a patriotism education base in Hunan Province by the Propaganda Department of Hunan provincial Party committee in January 1995, and a national patriotism education demonstration base by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee in July 2007.

In December 2016, it was listed in the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots.

In November 2018, it was selected as the third batch of Chinese 20th century architectural heritage.

In October 2018, it was rated as the national research and practice education base for primary and secondary school students.

Address: 356 Shuyuan Road

Longitude: 112.97163221571

Latitude: 28.17571343316

Tel: 0731-85157430

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Li Di Yi Shi Fan Xue Xiao Jiu Zhi