Jinyangguan

Jinyangguan

Jinyang pass, an important pass of the Great Wall in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, is located in Xueye Town, Laiwu City, Shandong Province. Zhenyangguan Great Wall has a relatively complete stone wall of 0.6 km. The highest and thickest remaining wall is 7.5 m and 6 m respectively. In Chinese history, the famous battles of Changshao, ailing and win all took place in jinyangguan and qingshiguan.

geographical position

Jinyangguan is located on the boundary of Zhangqiu and Laiwu between sanhuaishu village of Wenzu town and niangniangmiao village of Shangshang town. From the beautiful "Koizumi city" Zhangqiu, take a bus to the south along the second, fourth and second line of provincial road, pass through the ancient "Guangzong County" (jinwenzu town) ruins, and then 10 kilometers south

Jinyangguan pass is sanhuaishu village, Wenzu town. This village has a long history of culture. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it was a barracks stronghold of the state of Qi, so it was named "Dazhai". A kilometer further south leads to the ancient Qilu border. There is a towering and magnificent ancient building on the side of the road. There is a passageway at the bottom, a pavilion gate at the top, and a lookout platform. This is the Qi fortress "Jinyang pass".

brief introduction

Jinyang pass, also known as tongqi pass, is one of the three important passes on the great wall of Qi. It used to be a stone arch gate with high height

Jinyangguan ruins

It is 6 meters wide, 4 meters wide and 8 meters deep. On the top of the door, three characters of "jinyangguan" (40 cm × 35 cm) are engraved on the 2-meter-long and 50 cm wide bluestone. There are crenels around the platform, Guandi temple on the platform and several colored sculptures inside. The two doors are made of iron hoop and wooden, and are horizontally locked by a bar with a diameter of 15 cm.

Jinyangguan is not only an important road for traffic, but also a military stronghold. Therefore, castles and beacons are built on the precipitous mountain peaks or commanding heights around it, which is high and low. There are three ancient castles in the southwest and northwest, towering and magnificent. From west to East, you can see toutoushan castle when you cross the beautiful Sizhi mountain and huduoluo Village: built on the top of spoon shaped peak, the wall of the village is built along the cliff, with a width of 1-2 meters and a height of 2-5 meters; the east gate and the west gate are protected by double walls; the east gate is 1.5 meters wide and the wall is 1.3 meters thick, The southwest gate is at the end of the spoon handle; the city is 70 meters long from east to west, 38 meters wide from north to south, and the relatively flat spoon handle is 30 meters long. There are many house sites in the city.

history

Legend of Meng Jiangnu crying over the Great Wall

This is where the story of "Meng Jiangnu crying for the Great Wall" takes place. Meng Jiangnu's original surname is Jiang mingnu, and her husband's name is Zhang fanxi. Zhang fanxi was arrested to repair the great wall of Qi. A few years later, there was no news. Jiang Nu was so sad that she knelt down in front of Jinyang pass and cried for three days

At night, the sound of weeping moved the world. The crying sky shed tears and it rained heavily. All of a sudden, there was a blast of thunder, tearing the Jinyang pass open, revealing the body of Zhang fanxi. "Fan Xilang, it's up to you to be a wife!" Ginger woman calls to her husband, head hit boulder damage life, blood splashed Jinyang pass. Later, the story was compiled into a Dagu book and spread widely, but Jiang Nu became Meng Jiang Nu and her husband Zhang Fan Xi became fan Xiliang. The story of "Meng Jiangnu crying over the Great Wall" adds a bit of deification and mystery to Jinyang pass.

Related records

Looking to the east from the attic of jinyangguan, the Great Wall has disappeared, and only the remains of the city wall can be seen from the rubble. Looking to the west, the great wall of Qi is winding, winding around mountains, hidden in narrow streams, standing on steep peaks and extending into the clouds. Like a silver snake swinging its tail, like a giant dragon flying into the air. When was the great wall of Qi built? Historical records are quite different. There is an inscription of Bian Zhong unearthed in Jiyang County in 1928, which records that in the 22nd year of King lie of Zhou Dynasty (404 BC), "Jin people attacked Qi and entered the Great Wall". It can be seen that the great wall of Qi was built in 404 BC, and the construction of the Great Wall was at least 100 years ahead of schedule. Because the great wall of Qi starts from fangmen in the West (South Sanli of Pingyin ancient city) to Huangdao (Xiaozhushan of Qingdao) in the East, it winds for thousands of miles and is built on the edge of mountains. As a vassal state, Qi can not complete a huge project in decades. The western end of the great wall of Qi Dynasty started from fangmen. It is recorded that there were fortifications at fangmen in the spring and Autumn period. It is precisely because of the fortifications that this place was named fangmen. According to historical records, in the fifth year B.C., twelve feudal states, such as Jin, Lu, Zheng, and song, united to attack Qi. The state of Qi gathered its troops to level the overcast and defended Guangli (Guangli is now in Changqing County). After the war, the state of Qi knew the importance of fortifications, and began to build city walls in the main roads and depressions. In the period of King Xuan of Qi, the southern state of Chu destroyed Lu, Ju and other states successively and became a great power. In order to prevent the state of Chu from connecting and building the intermittent Great Wall, the great wall of Qi was formed, which meandered for thousands of miles and made the princes talk and fear. Shiji Zhengyi quoted Qiji as saying: "King Xuan of Qi built the Great Wall on the mountains, from Haixi to Jichuan in the East, more than a thousand li to prepare for Chu." According to the above, the great wall of Qi should be built in the spring and Autumn period and completed in the xuanwang period.

In 1861, in order to resist the invasion of baiwankou, the great wall of Qi in jinyangguan was rebuilt. Now the section from Guanxi to Beishan of Dachang village is 756 meters, the wall is relatively complete, 5-6 meters high, and the crenels and lookout holes are relatively complete. The 2200 meter city wall in Guandong is also well preserved, with a remnant height of 2.5 meters.

Jinyang is concerned about the fact that it was destroyed in the war when the Japanese invaders invaded China in 1938. The pass site is now occupied by the Laiwu Zhangqiu highway, and there is a sign tablet of "Qi Great Wall" in Zhangqiu County on the side of the road. There is a beacon tower site on the hill 700 meters east of the pass, commonly known as fireworks tower. Around the top of the mountain is the huanqiang site. To the north of Ludi village in the East, there is a well preserved east gate of Jinyang pass, which is set up for the people of Qilu. The door is stone arched, 2.8m high, 2m wide and 3.3m deep. There are city sites on both sides of the temporary gate, 1150 meters long, 1.2 meters high on the west side and 2-4 meters wide; 2.5-4.2 meters high on the east side and 0.8 meters wide on the outer wall, with a platform inside, with a total width of 4.2-6 meters.

Address: changchengling village, Xueye Town, Laiwu City, Shandong Province, next to provincial road 242

Longitude: 117.565034

Latitude: 36.465783

Chinese PinYin : Jin Yang Guan