Shitouhe Reservoir

Shitouhe Reservoir

Shitouhe Reservoir is located at the junction of Qishan, Meixian and Taibai counties, 1.5km upstream of xieyuguan on Shitouhe, a tributary of the Yellow River System on the South Bank of Weihe River, and 20km north of caijiapo. The project is mainly based on irrigation, with both power generation and flood control benefits. The highest clay core earth rock dam in Asia has a maximum height of 114m and a total reservoir capacity of 147 million cubic meters. The hydropower station has an installed capacity of 49500 kW and a designed irrigation area of 85000 hectares. The project was started in October 1971 and completed in October 1989. The drainage area controlled by the dam site is 673 square kilometers, with an average annual discharge of 14.1 cubic meters per second. The dam is designed according to the 100 year return period flood, and the discharge is 2690 m3 / S; the check of the 1000 year return period flood, the discharge is 4620 m3 / s. According to the calculation of the possible maximum rainstorm, the flood discharge of dam protection is 8000 m3 / s.

Shitouhe Reservoir in Shaanxi Province

dam

In the riverbed section, the earth rock dam with clay core and sand pebble shell is adopted, and the terraces on both banks are gradually expanded, and the core wall is transformed into homogeneous earth dam. The dam crest is 10m wide, 590m long and 8.35 million cubic meters in volume.

Overflow structure

The spillway is arranged on the right bank, and the bedrock is chlorite mica quartz schist. The inlet adopts practical weir, with 3 holes in total, and the net width of each hole is 11.5m, with 11.5m × 17m radial gate. The weir is connected with a steep slope chute, and the maximum discharge is 7150 m3 / s. The flood discharge tunnel is arranged on the left bank, which is reconstructed from the diversion tunnel of 7.2m × 8.36m, and is used for flood discharge and emptying the reservoir. The intake tower is set at the head, the tunnel section is of circular arch and straight wall type, and the tunnel is open flow, with the maximum discharge of 859m3 / s. At 9.3m upstream of the starting point of the reverse arc section and 2.2m downstream of the reverse arc section, there are two ventilation slots on the bottom plate, with the section size of 0.8m × 0.8m, the height of the bucket of 15cm and the slope of 1 ∶ 10.

Diversion structure

The diversion tunnel is arranged on the left bank. The surrounding rock is chlorite mica quartz schist. It is a circular pressure tunnel with a diameter of 4 M. the downstream is connected with an irrigation adit with a diameter of 2.5 m (the outlet of the adit is controlled by a 2 m × 2 m radial gate, behind the gate is an aeration tank with a sudden drop of 35 cm, and the lower is connected with a stilling basin and an irrigation main canal) and a penstock with a diameter of 2 m for water diversion and power generation. The hydropower station is located on the right bank, which is a ground powerhouse. Three hydro generating units with a capacity of 16500 kW are installed, with an annual power output of 50.7 million KW · h. the tail water of the hydropower station is introduced into the main irrigation canal. The total water diversion for irrigation and power generation shall not be less than 70 m3 / s.

Main quantities of the project

6.21 million cubic meters of earth and rock excavation, 8.35 million cubic meters of filling and 360000 cubic meters of concrete. The construction period of the dam is 5.5 years and the maximum strength is 2.02 million cubic meters.

Anti seepage treatment of dam foundation

Open cut to bedrock at shallow Sand Cobble Layer of riverbed, backfill clay to form intercepting channel, and pour a concrete cogging before backfill clay in the channel. In the left and right channel parts, after the open excavation to a certain depth, the narrow channel is excavated to the bedrock with manual support, and the concrete cutoff wall is poured. The terrace on the right bank is provided with a 59 m deep concrete diaphragm wall formed by layered excavation of an inverted shaft.

Scenery introduction

The stone river is beautiful with stones. The mountains and stones are carved by the divine skill of Tianfu. They stand in an abrupt forest. The stream flows among the mountains and stones, either rushing and roaring, or gentle and quiet. The mountains and rivers are shining with each other and complement each other, fulfilling the ancient saying that "mountains live because of water, and water is beautiful because of mountains."

Treatment of Shitouhe River

Stone Henan xieyuguan, 15 kilometers north, through the three towns of Luoxing, Anle, wuzhangyuan, into the Weihe River. The average width of the riverbed is 300 meters. In history, the river is turbulent, the riverbed is wide and shallow, the shoals are dense, the top flush is serious, the reconstruction is frequent, the levee is broken in case of flood, the dam is destroyed, the farmland is submerged, and the village is destroyed, which poses a great threat to the production and life of the people on both sides of the Strait

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After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the old river banks were renovated and reinforced in the 1950s. From 1963 to 1966, river regulation was carried out in an all-round way, and 13.5 km embankments were built on both sides of the river. The river course from Xieyu pass to zhengjiamo is 2.7 km long, straight, deep and stable. Zhengjiamo Xibao highway bridge, 9.6km long, is a curved and silting river. The riverbed changes from time to time, and the river is widened to 1000m, which still threatens the safety of village farmland. From the bridge to the Weihe River, the river channel is basically stable. Luoxing, at the exit of Shitouhe River, due to the instability of the main stream of the river, the flood broke seven river branches. Since 1963, it has been treated every year, with the construction of 5000 meters of dykes, stabilizing the main stream of the river and harnessing 400 mu of beach land.

In 1973, during the movement of learning from Dazhai in agriculture, the county Party committee put forward the slogan of "harnessing the river and making farmland for the people" and formulated the plan for the harnessing project of Shitouhe river. It was decided that "in four years, the river section of Shitouhe River, 15 km from xieyuguan to Weihe, should be dredged and straightened, the river should be straightened, the river body should be narrowed, the river channel should be stabilized, and the river channel should be channelized." The river control project started on December 15, 1973, and was organized by four communes, Luoxing, caojia, Anle and wuzhangyuan. In March 1975, in order to speed up the progress of the project, 2000 workers were transferred from 13 towns of Majiang, maiheying, Zaolin, Chengguan, xiaoziling, Daying, Beiguo, Yidian, Gujun, Qinghua, Pucun, ZHUJIAZHUANG and Jingdang for emergency support. There are 4000-5000 workers per day, up to 7000. By the end of June of the same year, the state had invested 831900 yuan and completed 820000 yuan to build 22 kilometers of dry rubble masonry face dam with the width of 4 meters at the top of the East embankment and 7 meters at the top of the West embankment. 25 and 1:1, respectively. There are 52 spur dikes and the central river bed is initially dredged. A total of 1.45 million cubic meters of earthwork were moved, and 80% of the main works were completed. On July 8 of the same year, the Shitouhe river was flooded suddenly, with a peak flow of 700 cubic meters per second. 58 dykes, 4.519 km long, 1.52 km long, and 49 spur dikes were destroyed. The dredged central riverbed was basically silted. The cost of cement alone was more than 140000 yuan. 3700 mu of crops were damaged and 21 houses were destroyed. Many years of laborious, once destroyed. After the flood, the county Party committee conducted a special study on the river control, determined to focus on prevention, focused on dredging, stopped the unified construction, and managed by the town. In the qiangjiasi section, the levee is broken for flood diversion. Below the flood diversion outlet, the new and old river channels discharge flood at the same time. The new river channel discharges one third of the flood and the old river channel discharges two thirds of the flood. With the consolidation, reinforcement and restoration of completed projects and the completion of Shitouhe Reservoir in xieyuguan, Shaanxi Province, the river water has been controlled.

In 1987, the County Hydropower team designed and guided the construction, and built the stone river kongtasi cable bridge.

Address: tangbu village, Huiyang District, Huizhou, Guangdong Province

Longitude: 114.451097

Latitude: 22.698881

Chinese PinYin : Shi Tou He Shui Ku