Tangwei Mingqing ancient village

Tangwei village Ming and Qing Dynasty ancient buildings

synonym

Tangwei ancient village of Ming and Qing Dynasties generally refers to Tangwei ancient buildings

Tangwei ancient village of Ming and Qing Dynasties is located in Tangwei village, Shipai town, Dongguan City. It is bounded by an ancient wall. The total area of the village is 39565 square meters. There are about 268 ancient dwellings, 21 ancestral halls, 19 study rooms, 10 ancient wells, 4 gates and 28 turrets. According to the genealogy of Li's family in Longxi, Li Li escaped to Tangwei from Baima in Dongguan at the end of the Song Dynasty and was taken back by the Li family and married to his daughter. With the development of nearly 600 years in Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Li's family gradually flourished and reached its peak in the reign of Guangxu, with a population of more than 1000. Tangwei was surrounded by Li's family and was rated as a provincial key cultural center by Guangdong Provincial Government in 2001 Property protection unit

Introduction to ancient village

Tangwei ancient village of Ming and Qing Dynasties was built according to the gentle slope of natural mountain. The three fish ponds in front of the enclosure, one big and two small, represent crab shell and two crab claws respectively. The two wells in the enclosure represent two crab eyes. Bionic metaphor means a cancer guarding the village behind and the good farmland in front. The layout of the ancient village is reasonable. It is composed of walls, turrets, alleys, ancestral halls, study rooms, dwellings, ancient wells, ponds, ancient banyan and so on. It is a unique agricultural village cultural landscape where people live together. What is particularly valuable is that the pattern of ancient villages is well preserved. There are more undamaged buildings in Ming and Qing Dynasties. A large number of exquisite stone carvings, wood carvings and grey plastic building components are preserved. There are also a large number of living and production utensils used in Ming, Qing, Republic of China and before the reform and opening up, which are of high historical, scientific and artistic value. Nowadays, most of the residents of Tangwei ancient villages in Ming and Qing Dynasties move out to live, and their houses are vacant or rented to migrant workers. Tangwei village committee coordinates the villagers to protect and manage the ancient villages. In 2001, it was rated as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit by Guangdong provincial government.

Historical evolution

At the end of the Song Dynasty, Li Li fled from Baima in Dongguan to Tangwei alone because of the exclusion of powerful people. He was taken in by the family of Li and married with his daughter. His descendants lived and multiplied. After several hundred years of development in yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China, he gradually built an agricultural settlement for more than 1000 people.

Overview of Tangwei

Tangwei ancient village of Ming and Qing Dynasties is bounded by the ancient wall, built according to the natural mountains, with reasonable layout of lanes and complete security and defense facilities. Most of the existing buildings were built in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with red stone as the door, window frame and wall foundation, water milled green brick and clear water wall, a large number of exquisite wood carving, stone carving and grey plastic building components, and a large number of living and production utensils in the past dynasties. In addition to the three entrance layout of ancestral hall, each ancestral hall is in the form of two entrance courtyard. The layout of residential buildings mainly consists of three two corridors and three one side corridors, which are changed due to the relative relationship with the roadway. One of the characteristics of Tangwei ancient villages in Ming and Qing Dynasties is the combination of folk houses and study rooms, folk houses and ancestral halls.

Key buildings

The following is a description of the key buildings in Tangwei Ming ancient village

(1) Tangwei ancient wall, gate and turret: it was built in Ming Dynasty and maintained in past dynasties. The enclosing wall encircles the old village, with a perimeter of 860.8 meters, a height of 5 meters and a width of 0.35 meters. It has a red stone wall base, a green brick wall and an attached wall every 4 meters. There are four gates in the southeast, southwest, northwest and northeast corner of the wall, which are called east gate, South Gate, west gate and North Gate by villagers. The east gate is the largest with a width of 4.24 meters, a length of 5.38 meters and a height of 9.30 meters. It is a two-story green brick Woer gable building with a plaque of "xiuba Southeast" on top of the gate. There are 28 qiaolou (loudou and turret) attached to the wall, named after 28 astronomical stars. The size of the wall is 4.5 meters in length and 4.5 meters in width, and 7 meters in height. The wall, waimen and turret form a complete defense facility to ensure the safety of Tangwei ancient village. In the past 100 years, it has successfully resisted the Qing army's robbery in 1911 and the bandit Li Dynasty's invasion in Shijie Jizhou in 1944. At present, the enclosure is in good condition, the enclosure is basically complete, and there are still 19 turrets.

(2) ancient roadways: Tangwei ancient roadways are arranged in a well shaped network. The main roadways are 7 north-south straight roadways and 4 East-West horizontal roadways. The roadway is paved with red stones, about 2 meters wide, and there is a complete drainage channel under the roadway. During the reign of Guangxu in the late Qing Dynasty, Li Zhizhong, a rich gentry, rebuilt part of Hongshi lane into granite Mashi lane, which crossed the enclosure. From the east gate to NiuGuo village, it reached the then Nanshe railway station, and from the north gate to the then Shilong ferry in Mupai village. The total length was nearly 10 kilometers, and now only 300 meters were left in the enclosure.

(3) ancient wells: there are 10 ancient wells in Tangwei ancient village of Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are distributed in the public use beside the roadways or private use in the courtyard of folk houses and ancestral temples. The wall of the well is built with green bricks, while the edge of the well is hollowed out with a whole piece of red stone, with a general diameter of 0.87 meters and a height of 0.40 meters. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, granite was used.

(4) Li's ancestral hall: it was built in the Ming Dynasty and has been maintained in the past dynasties. Five open two three into courtyard layout, lifting beam and through the bucket hybrid beam structure, hard top. It is 17.8 meters wide and 43.7 meters long, covering an area of 777.9 square meters. During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, after Li Zhi was promoted, a wooden plaque of "Wenkui" was hung in zhuiyuan Hall of the ancestral temple, which was destroyed during the cultural revolution.

In 1932, the ancestral hall was established as the 16th primary school in Dongguan and the first primary school in Shipai.

(5) Jingtong ancestral hall: it was built in the middle of Qing Dynasty. It is the ancestral hall of the tenth generation. It has three bays and two courtyards. It has a mixed beam structure of lifting beam and crossing bucket and has a hard top. It is 9.5 meters wide and 17.1 meters long, covering an area of 162.45 square meters. The wood carving of eaves board, beam frame and stone carving of plow and beam are exquisite.

(6) Meigong Temple: built in the reign of Daoguang, it is the ancestral hall of the 12th generation. Three Bay two entrance courtyard layout, lifting beam and through the bucket hybrid beam structure. It is 8.8 meters wide and 14.3 meters long, covering an area of 125.84 square meters. Meigong Temple preserves the ancestral tablets from the 10th ancestor of Ming Dynasty to the 22nd ancestor of Qing Dynasty, which is rare in Dongguan. The temple also displays the statue of King Kang, the folk God of Tangwei, so it is also called commander Kang's mansion.

(7) Shoushan Hall: it is a typical representative of the combination of ancestral hall and folk house. The ancestral hall and the folk house are one of the buildings built in Guangxu period, with side doors connected. The ancestral hall is three Bay and two entrance courtyard layout, and the residential buildings are three side corridor buildings. The ancestral hall is 9.14 meters wide and 11.9 meters long, and the dwellings are 5.8 meters wide and 11.23 meters long. The scale and decoration technology of residential buildings are slightly inferior to those of ancestral temples. The ancestral hall is decorated with screens and beams.

(8) Baoqing family school: in the Republic of China, Li Jinan extended his ancestral home, 8.85 meters wide and 9.5 meters long. In the early days, it was a combination of ancestral hall and residential buildings. After learning from the same middle school and rural examination in Southern Hebei and Chen Botao, it was transformed into an academy. There is a red stone plaque on the door of Baoqing family school written by Chen Botao in 1919.

(9) qifangting and dunmutang are typical representatives of the combination of ancestral hall and ancestral hall. The seven room hall is Li Songshi's ancestral hall (the ancestral hall is commonly known as "Hall") and the dunmu hall is Li Songshi's son's ancestral hall. There is a door in the middle connecting with the patio. The total width of the building is 9.6 meters and the total length is 20.95 meters. The seven room hall is 10.31 meters long, the middle patio is 1.04 meters long and the dunmu hall is 9.6 meters long. The seven room hall was built in Tongzhi and Xianfeng years, and the dunmu hall was built in Guangxu years. They are all three Bay and two entrance courtyard layout. The wood carvings on the eaves and beams of dunmutang are exquisite.

Address: Tangwei village, Shipai town, Dongguan, Guangdong Province

Longitude: 113.92561150329

Latitude: 23.079275941398

Chinese PinYin : Tang Wei Ming Qing Gu Cun Luo