Shenhai well

Shenhai well

Located at the foot of ruanjiaba mountain in Da'an District, Zigong Shenhai well covers an area of 3 mu, with an altitude of 341.4 meters. The well was dug in the third year of Daoguang (1823 A.D.) and the fifteenth year of Daoguang (1835 A.D.), which lasted for 13 years. The depth of the well was 1001.42 meters when it was chiseled, and then it reached 1100 meters after several times of deepening. Shenhai well produces both brine and gas.

In March 2018, shenhaijing scenic spot was officially promoted to the national 4A scenic spot.

survey

pronunciation

shēn hǎi jǐng。

geographical position

The ancient salt well of China is located in changyantang, Da'an District, Zigong City, Sichuan Province. It covers an area of 3 mu and is 341.4 meters above sea level

side. Address: 262 Da'an street, Dagao Road community, Da'an street, Da'an district.

Opening Hours

There are no holidays all year round

From February to October in summer: 8:30-17:30 from Monday to Sunday

From November to January in winter: 8:30-17:00 from Monday to Sunday

Ticket Price

For scattered tourists: 20 yuan / piece for adults, 10 yuan / piece for students over 1.3 meters with student ID card, 10 yuan / piece for 60 year old people with senior citizen ID card (children under 1.3 meters, 70 year old people, disabled people, active servicemen, journalists with press card and tour guides with tour guide card are free); for group tourists: 16 or more adult tickets can be purchased at one time, and they can enjoy one preferential ticket.

Telephone

0813-5106214

Historical formation and characteristics

The Shenhai well was dug in 1823 and 1835 of the Qing Dynasty. It lasted for 13 years. The depth of the well is 1001.42 meters. It is the world's first large well over 1000 meters. After the completion of the well, more than 10000 TBL of black brine was sprayed every day, with a daily output of more than 8500 cubic meters of natural gas and more than 80 salt burning pots. By 1940, more than 10000 TBL of black brine and 4800-8000 cubic meters of natural gas were sprayed every day. Shenhai well has been in production for a century and a half since it was built. Due to the lack of maintenance for a long time, the underground facilities are seriously damaged. After maintenance, Shenhai well can still produce about 1500 cubic meters of natural gas per day. According to relevant records, 11 years after the deep well was drilled, semunov of Russia drilled a shallow well in 1846 and produced a small amount of oil. Another 13 years later, Dirac of the United States drilled a 21.69 meter deep well in August 1859, and only produced more than 1.8 tons of oil from the well. From this point of view, the Chinese nation is not only a hardworking and brave nation, but also has the intelligence that is famous in the world.

Its main buildings are pestle room, cart room, kitchen, cabinet room, etc. The main production equipment includes pestle frame, derrick, cart, salt pot, salt bin, gas production and transportation facilities, etc., showing the traditional technologies and processes of well salt drilling, natural gas production and transportation, brine extraction, salt frying in Qing Dynasty.

Prospering the city with salt

The excavation of the Shenhai well not only revealed the secret of the limestone area of the Jialingjiang River in the Triassic, but also made Zigong prosperous because of the prosperity of salt. In the area of 1.2 square kilometers around, 198 wells have been drilled successively, with an average of 6060 square meters. There is a prosperous scene of well salt production, such as "crown block" stands in forest, pots and stoves are densely spread, vision tube is vertical and horizontal, clouds are steaming and fog is blue.

Shenhai jingzao was renamed several times, first as Yuanchang Zao, Ronghua Zao, Qianyuan Zao and Siyi Zao, and then as Yiji Texin Zao, Xinji tongsen Zao, Junji tongsen Zao, Yiji tongsen Zao, Jinhe Dexing Zao, Fuji Tongyi Zao and Jianji tongsen Zao.

In the past 150 years, the amount of brine in these deep wells gradually decreased or even dried up. However, the natural gas reservoir "replaced" and kept flowing. Human vicissitudes, until the 1950s, Shenhai well due to reduced production, lack of pressure and shut down. Later, an air extractor was installed, and the gas was sent to the kitchen with a tube and shaft to serve the existing eight round pots for frying salt. Each shift was operated by several salt workers, and the output of each shift was about two tons of raw salt.

Today, the well stove in Shenhai has been renovated, restoring the real scene of using cattle to soak brine and low-pressure natural gas produced in the well to boil salt; retaining the towering "crown block" of 18.3 meters high, which is made of logs and ropes; using the lever principle, several people pedal on the wooden pestle frame to hit the well. The old relic of this ancient salt well is open to visitors from home and abroad.

History and culture

Declaration of cultural relics

The drilling time and depth of the Shenhai well will position the Shenhai well in a glorious position -- the first ultra kilometer deep well in the history of human drilling! So, Shenhaijing is famous all over the world, which makes the people of Yandu proud, and also wins the glory for the Chinese people. It shows to the world that the industrious and intelligent Chinese nation has not only contributed a series of important scientific and technological achievements such as "four great inventions" to the progress of human beings, but also created a brilliant ancient civilization. Even in the modern times when the western capitalist civilization flourished, China marked by shenhaijing is a prosperous country Drilling technology is also far ahead of the world level. In 1988, shenhaijing was officially listed as a national key protected cultural relic by Sichuan Provincial People's government.

Shenhai well crane is known as one of the wonders of Zigong salt farm in Sichuan Province. It connects several Chinese fir trees and binds them with bamboo ropes to form a huge support. It is erected at the wellhead for brine extraction, well cleaning and well treatment. The derrick of the crane is very spectacular. No matter from the perspective of brine mining or ancient architecture, it is a unique and rare cultural relic in Zigong, the salt capital. According to historical records, in the process of salt production in Zigong for nearly two thousand years, there are a large number of ancient wells and crane. In 1914, there were 960 water and fire wells in Ziliujing alone, while there were more than 11800 abandoned wells. Therefore, it is said that "Ziliujing salt wells (crane) are as many as Mashai". On February 12, 2006, the "East Eiffel Tower" - Crane Model and shenhaijing model, both known as Zigong logo, appeared at the exhibition of intangible cultural heritage protection achievements in China.

Salt making process

Shenhaijing low pressure spark round pot salt making is an ancient traditional salt making process. The main raw materials for salt making are brine, black brine and salt rock brine. The fuel is low natural gas produced by shenhaijing. The pot type of salt making is round pot, also known as urn cage pot. The main salt making tools are: oven cage, shovel, cigarette flat, salt flat and so on.

The salt making process is divided into four major processes: first, the brine is discharged into a round pot for heating, and then the prepared soybean milk is put into the pot according to a certain proportion to separate impurities, so as to improve the salt quality. The second is to extract impurities. The third is to add slag salt and shovel salt. The last is to drench and test salt.

Cutting technology

The success of Shenhai well drilling is not accidental. It is the inevitable result of the "percussive drilling method" which emerged with the emergence of zhuotang well in Qingli (1041-1048) of the Northern Song Dynasty and became more and more mature. This traditional drilling technology, only in terms of equipment, has been formed in the period of Shenhai well drilling, which is composed of wooden pestle frame, derrick (crown block), ground roller (pulley) and earth car (winch) Even today, this equipment system is scientific and perfect. First, the workers stand on the roller frame, step on the roller plate, lift up the head of the roller and lift up the connected file head. Then the workers jump away, and the file head falls with the falling head. Under the action of gravity, the drill is pounded toward the bottom of the well. With such a step and jump, the file head falls together and repeatedly impacts the drill. Then, the bulldozer is pushed to drive the fan mud barrel through the pulley crown block Going down to the bottom of the well and extracting the mud and gravel from the drilling, it often takes several years or even ten or twenty years to build a well like this. Therefore, the completion of Shenhai well not only marks the maturity and advancement of Chinese traditional drilling technology, but also embodies and contains the great perseverance and hardship of Chinese workers.

At the beginning of its success, Shenhai well sprayed more than ten thousand tons of black brine every day, produced 8500 cubic meters of natural gas every day, and could burn more than 80 salt pans. It produced about 14 tons of salt every day. It not only brings direct and rich economic benefits to the owners, but also provides valuable enlightenment to the operators of the salt field, that is, the "Triassic Jialingjiang formation limestone stratum" in the deep stratum is rich in high salinity, black brine and natural gas, thus blowing the clarion call for the salt field to March into the deep stratum.

Since then, in a short period of more than 10 years, the operators have either drilled new deep wells or deepened old wells, making Zigong area known as Furong salt farm at that time. Salt wells are scattered all over the place, with lots of cranes and adjacent stoves. The deep black brine and natural gas resources have been continuously exploited. Furong salt farm has rapidly stepped into the peak period of "abundant water and prosperous fire", ranking first in Sichuan.

Digging meaning

Entering the Millennium salt capital, the mysterious 30 ° north latitude line makes the world feel deeply. The successful excavation of Shenhai well has revealed the amazing secret of this Triassic Jialingjiang limestone stratum that has been silent for 200 million years: the world's best Zigong black brine "contains 27 trace elements and more than 40 major elements", and Shenhai well is known as the water of life on earth! About

Chinese PinYin : Shen Hai Jing