Wanzhuyuan

Wanzhuyuan

Wanzhu garden, also known as Zhangjia garden, was once the private garden of Zhang Huaizhi, the governor of Shandong Province. It is located in the west of Baotu Spring Park, the first spring scenic spot in Jinan, covering an area of 12000 square meters. The garden has three courtyards, 13 courtyards, 186 houses, five bridges, four pavilions, one garden, wangshui spring, Donggao spring, Baiyun spring and other famous springs. The finished shape arrangement of the front courtyard, the east courtyard and the West courtyard is an ancient architectural complex based on the architectural features of Beijing Palace, South courtyard and Jinan courtyard. It was built in the Yuan Dynasty and got its name because of the bamboo in the garden. In the Yuan Dynasty, because of the "shenggailou" built in the garden, Zhao Mengfu once wrote a poem describing its magnificence, saying that "shenggailou in Jinan is rare in the world".

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It was built in the Yuan Dynasty and got its name because of the bamboo in the garden.

Yuan dynasty

Because of the "shenggailou" built in the garden, Zhao Mengfu once wrote a poem describing its magnificence, saying that "Jinan shenggailou is rare in the world".

The fourth year of Longqing in Ming Dynasty

In 1570, the fourth year of the reign of emperor Longqing of the Ming Dynasty, Yin Shidan, the Minister of rites, went back to build "jingshe on Sichuan" and changed its name to "Tongyuan"

The reign of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty

During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, Wang Ping, a poet of Jinan, built a library in the garden, which was named 24 springs thatched cottage. Now the garden was built by warlord zhang Huaizhi in the early Republic of China, so it is also called Zhangjia garden. In 1980, the municipal government put it under the management of the Municipal Bureau of landscape architecture and carried out a comprehensive renovation. It was officially opened to the outside world in 1984. In 1985, the west garden was restored and rebuilt, and its original name, Wanzhu garden, was officially put into use, becoming the garden in Baotu Spring Park.

Internal structure

The garden has 3 courtyards, 13 courtyards, 186 houses, 5 bridges, 4 pavilions, 1 Garden, wangshui spring, Donggao spring, Baiyun spring and other famous springs. The buildings in the garden are elegant, simple and quiet, with the hermit style of "Qing, you, Jing, Ya". Surrounded by winding corridors, the courtyard is built on different levels, the space is connected with each other, the garden is one layer deep, and there is a scene of "how deep is the courtyard". Streams, pools, springs and courtyard buildings reflect each other, forming a landscape of courtyard connecting with flowing water. The buildings, platforms, pavilions and pavilions are scattered, compact in structure and exquisite in layout. There are stone carvings, wood carvings and brick carvings on the stone railing, gate pier, lintel and wall. The carvings are exquisite and lifelike, which are the "three wonders" of wanzhuyuan. There are papaya, pomegranate, Magnolia, Xiuzhu, Cuibai, plantain and other flowers and trees planted in the garden.

In 1986, it was designated as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.

In 1993, it was included in the collection of Chinese traditional residential buildings.

In 1986, the garden was set up as a memorial hall for Li kuchan, a famous contemporary freehand flower and bird painter, who exhibited Li kuchan's paintings all year round. The memorial hall has 14 exhibition rooms with a total construction area of 3752 square meters. More than 400 pieces of Li kuchan's paintings and calligraphy are now on display, including the painting of Songying and red plum blossom in full bloom, which are the best works of the painter in his later years. In addition, the couplet "the most holy and boundless is the world, and the prosperous and virtuous is the world", which is the last work of the painter. In addition, some of Li kuchan's ancient calligraphy and paintings, his life photos and letters are also on display. At the same time, the museum holds various joint exhibitions of calligraphy and painting from time to time, and is one of the members of the joint Museum of the famous Chinese Calligraphers and painters.

In 2002, Qiu Zhihai, a famous military sculptor, set up an exhibition hall of Qiu Zhihai's black pottery art in wanzhuyuan Apricot Garden.

history

Yuan dynasty

Founded in the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Huaizhi, the governor of Shandong Province in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, invited skilled craftsmen from the north and south to learn from the palace of Beijing. The Southern Courtyard and the courtyard in Jinan have been built for 10 years. The main buildings of wanzhuyuan are regularly arranged on the axis. If the door is open, it will form a beautiful perspective line from south to north. The space in the courtyard is closely linked, and the building courtyard is progressive. The interior is divided by partition fan, flower partition wall and screen, and the corridor in the hospital is winding, which plays the role of connection and transportation. Most of the courtyards adopt vertical flower doors or special-shaped doors, and the door openings can form beautiful frame scenery, which has the spatial change of virtual and real contrast. Close the door, each hospital becomes one. East courtyard Magnolia courtyard into the last before and after the building, hengming building. The front floor is the host's living room, and the back floor is the lady's boudoir, also called xiulou. There is only one overpass connecting with the front floor. In addition to all kinds of living rooms, the West courtyard also has a ancestral hall, a sports ground, a library, etc. in the courtyard, there are six corner waterside pavilions, which are unique in ancient luxury houses. They are used by the owners and guests to enjoy plays and listen to music. In the park, there are simple and lively Ming Dynasty wooden chairs, Qing Dynasty tables, chairs, beds, tables and stools with Dragon carving and Phoenix Painting, and precious Qing Dynasty Jiulong King's chair, through carving bookcase, Dragon carving chef and Dragon carving bed inlaid with jade

Ming and Qing Dynasties

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the fine porcelain vase with flower balls, the eight immortals porcelain jar, the carved dragon screen wall and the clear flower porcelain basin were respectively placed in the Haitang courtyard, the papaya courtyard and the apricot courtyard. "Three unique" art stone carving, brick carving, wood carving, carved birds and animals, flowers, trees and bamboo forest, winding path leading to the backyard. "Zhiyu Pavilion" is the starting point of the corridor, and baiyunxuan, built near the spring, is the end point of the corridor. The east side of the garden is a natural stream, and the west side of the stream is lush with deep scenery. The stream flows from the south to the north, with dense clusters of green bamboos and naturally undulating lawns, just like being in the nature with green grass. Wanzhuyuan has a profound cultural heritage, which has an indissoluble bond with Jinan famous scholars and springs culture.

The fourth year of Longqing in Ming Dynasty

In the fourth year of Longqing (1570) of Ming Dynasty, Yin Shidan, the Minister of rites, retired here and changed his name to "Tongyuan". Since then, Wang Ping, a famous poet and professor of chengshanwei in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, bought the garden and changed its name to "24 springs thatched cottage". Pu Songling, the king of short stories in the Qing Dynasty, wrote Liaozhai, a story about Yin Shidan's childhood in wanzhuyuan.

In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China

In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, Yuan Shikai instructed Zhang Huaizhi to build a ancestral hall for him. Later, because yuan was busy as emperor, Zhang Huaizhi built a private house.

After the May 3rd massacre, the Japanese aggressors withdrew from Jinan, and the Kuomintang government moved back to Jinan from Tai'an, where it set up its municipal Party headquarters. When Jinan was occupied, it became the Jinan Branch Office of the North China Cotton Improvement Association under the enemy and puppet rule. On the eve of the liberation of Jinan, it once became the residence of Wu Huawen, commander of the 96th army of the Kuomintang. In 1951, Zhang's descendants sold all the front and rear courtyards to the state.

In 1986, Wanzhu garden was officially put under the management of Baotu Spring Park. In 1986, Li kuchan memorial hall, a master of calligraphy and painting, was built in the park.

In 1999, the wall between the two gardens was completely removed. Since then, Baotu Spring Park and Wanzhu garden have been integrated into one, and Wanzhu garden has become the garden in Baotu Spring Park.

In 2002, Qiu Zhihai, a famous military sculptor, set up an exhibition hall of Qiu Zhihai's black pottery art in Xingyuan.

Environmental Science

The garden covers an area of 1.4 hectares. In terms of architectural style, it absorbs the characteristics of Beijing Palace, southern garden and Jinan courtyard. In terms of architectural layout, it adopts the methods of contrast, setting off and borrowing scenery, and uses the walls, corridors, streams and bridges to divide the space, forming a layer upon layer of courtyard. There are 13 courtyards and 186 houses in the East, West and south. There are four large courtyards and three small courtyards in the East, four large courtyards in the west, two connected together, and two small courtyards in the south. All the courtyards are surrounded by winding corridors, connected with each other, with buildings, halls, pavilions and pavilions. Yingmen rockery is exquisitely carved, covered with vines and shaded by pines and cypresses. The courtyard is green in bamboo, red in pomegranate, white in Magnolia, full of vitality, and famous springs such as "wangshui" and "Donggao". Spring into a pool into a stream, around the house corridor, murmur??. There is a bridge on the stream and a pavilion in the pool. You can see Lotus and fish in the pavilion.

There are exquisite and lifelike stone carvings, brick carvings and wood carvings on the beams and columns, architraves, stone piers, lintels and walls. The contents of sculpture are rich and colorful, including rare birds and animals, myths and legends, celebrity allusions, four treasures of study, swords, spears, swords and halberds, pine, bamboo and plum orchids, etc.

Wanzhuyuan

West of the courtyard is the garden. There is Baiyun spring in the southwest corner of the garden. Spring into a stream, stream bridge, bridge pavilion. On the Bank of the stream, the stone is graceful, and the scenery moves step by step. There is a Xuan in the north of the spring, named "Baiyun". It has three rooms wide, facing south, with glass doors and windows. It is spacious and bright. You can enjoy the tea and the scenery inside. Xuanxi Lianqu corridor has a small pavilion at the end of the corridor. There is a pool in the pavilion with clear water. In the garden, there are thousands of bamboos, flowers and trees, and green grass. Although the garden is small, it has a broad vision and a sense of freshness. Wanzhuyuan has a garden of elegant homes, winding corridors connected with one in and one out of the pavilions, pomegranate courtyard, Apricot Garden, Begonia courtyard, papaya courtyard, one courtyard has the elegance of one courtyard, one courtyard has the style of one courtyard, enjoy the pines, cypresses, apricots, grapes and pomegranates, and the clear spring flows through it, folding mountains and water has more aura and vitality. Some people say that Wanzhu garden is too small, but judging by the thinking of "pot embracing heaven and earth", Wanzhu garden is not small. Just like Shaoyuan garden in Peking University or Liyuan garden in Wuxi, there is no need to build a beautiful pavilion or land, lead a clear spring, build a few quiet paths, and set up a few pavilions, thus forming a comfortable world.

Spoon Garden

Spoon garden is originally "Haidian spoon", a Wang of water known as the lake, spoon garden in Haidian, its small as a drop in the sea. The metaphor of Liyuan is more vivid. Today, we say that Liyuan is a ladle, and Liyuan also means the realm of a ladle of water cave that shows the sea. Compared with the vast world and people's interest in the remote realm, no matter how big the garden is, it is also cramped and small, even if it is as magnificent as the sky

Chinese PinYin : Wan Zhu Yuan