Youjiang River

Youjiang

synonym

Youjiang River generally refers to Youjiang river

Youjiang River is the name of the middle reaches of Yujiang River, a tributary of Xijiang River in Pearl River system. It starts from chengbihekou in Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and ends at the main stream of Yujiang River at the confluence of Songcun village and Zuojiang River in the western suburb of Nanning. It is named because it forms a left right relationship with Zuojiang River, and because Zuojiang River Basin is the most concentrated area of Zhuang nationality, the historical records often use "Zuojiang River" or "Zuojiang Xitong" and "Zuojiang Jimi Prefecture" to represent the Zhuang nationality or its ancestors.

General situation of main stream

Youjiang River is the name of the upper reaches of Yujiang River, a tributary of Qianjiang section of Xijiang River. Specifically, it refers to the main stream of Yujiang River from chengbihekou in Baise City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region to the confluence of Songcun and Zuojiang in the west suburb of Nanning city.

Yujiang river system originates from tingnong village, Dihao Township, Guangnan County, Yunnan Province, flows into Baise Town, Baise City, Guangxi Province, and converges with Chengbi River, which is called Youjiang river. Youjiang river flows through Tianyang, Tiandong, Pingguo, Long'an and other counties. It is called Yujiang river when it joins Zuojiang River at Song Village in Nanning. The upper reaches is the section of "peel Ai River" and the lower reaches is the section of Yujiang river. In history, Youjiang River and Zuojiang River were also called the two sources of Yujiang river. According to the records of Baise hall, "Youjiang river flows from Tianzhou of Baise to longan of Guohua before Jingxian county to Nanning, which is called Youjiang river for the Rightists of Zuojiang river.". According to modern hydrology, Youjiang River is the main source and main stream of Yujiang River, while Zuojiang River is a tributary of Yujiang river. The left river is in the West and the right river is in the East. Youjiang section is 707 km long. The basin covers an area of 38612 square kilometers, with an average annual runoff of 17.2 billion cubic meters.

In the territory of Baise City, they enter at the entrance of Luo village, flow through Yangwei, Nabi Township, Baise town and Sitang Township, and leave at namengtun, Fulian village, Sitang Township, and enter Tianyang County. The drainage area of Baise city is 3713 square kilometers, accounting for 9.62% of the total drainage area. The city is 118 km long (72 km long from chengbihekou to Luocun).

In Tianyang County, from Sitang township of Baise City to Tianyang County, through Baifeng, Toutang, Napo, Tianzhou, Baiyu, naman and other towns, Zhitang village of naman town flows into Tiandong county. The river course is 75.1km long and the drainage area is 2237.65km2.

In Tiandong County, Xinzhou, Zhongping, Baidu and Baiyin villages in jingxiangzhou township; Shengtai, Siping, Baigu, Jingyi and Heheng villages in Pingma town; Qiaoli, Yinghe, Fulan, tanhe, Hetong, lintuo and Baoqun villages in Linfeng township; Liangyu, Baibi, Silin, tanle and Donglong villages in Silin town flow into Pingguo County. The main stream is 244 km long and the rainfall collection area is 812.1 km2.

In Pingguo County, it enters from sicantun, Guohua village, Guohua Town, which is at the junction of the West and Tiandong county. It flows through Tongxie, Boli, Xinhua, Busi, Matou tuowan village and so on. In the East, it goes out of Yanjiang River in Long'an County, with a length of 46 km. The river is about 200 meters wide and more than 120 meters narrow. The annual runoff is 6.077.8 billion cubic meters, which is navigable in four seasons.

In the territory of Long'an County, Youjiang was called Panjiang in the Ming Dynasty and xiyangjiang in the county annals of the Republic of China. In the north of nalutun, Heji village, Yanjiang town in the northwest of the county, it flows through 22 administrative villages of Yanjiang, Chengxiang, Nanwei, Qiaojian, Xiaolin, natong and Dingdang along the southeast direction. It receives 17 tributaries, such as tuoyu River, Longxiang River, Wanglin River and Dingdang river. After entering natong Town, it bends into 9 bends and 13 bays, and flows to Lianhe village of Dingdang Township, quliutun and Nanning city. The total length of the territory is 88 km.

In Nanning City, the river is 39.4 km long from the confluence of Wuming River to the confluence of Songcun and Zuojiang river.

hydrographic features

It is a perennial River and navigable in all seasons. It flows through the Tiandong reach of 56 km with a drainage area of 2044 square km. The maximum flow is 7002 m3 / S (August 16, 1968), the minimum flow is 15 m3 / S (May 5, 1980), the average flow is 347 m3 / s, and the riverbed gradient is 0.085 M / s.

Baise hydrological station was set up in Layu village in 1956 and began to observe in that year. According to the observation data from 1956 to 1988, the width (water surface, the same below) of baisela river section is 119m, the middle water level is 136m, and the high water level is 145m; the water depth is generally 9-12M, the lowest water level is 8.23m, the water level range is 10-15m, the maximum water level rise rate in 24 hours is 3-5M, the maximum water level drop rate is 2-4m; the minimum discharge is 11.7m3/s (June 3, 1958), The maximum runoff is 5490 m3 / S (June 25, 1968, corresponding maximum water depth is 19.06 m), the minimum annual runoff is 4.58 billion m3 (1960), the maximum annual runoff is 16.1 billion m3 (1968), the measured average annual runoff is 8.74 billion m3, the average annual runoff depth is 398.5 millimetres, the average annual runoff is 277 m3 / S; the average annual runoff depth is 395.2 millimetres Rice. The average annual runoff coefficient is 0.137.

The sediment concentration of the river was 0.27 kg / m3 in 1981 and 0.67 kg / m3 in 1985. The annual sediment transport increased from 1.85 million tons in 1981 to 6.43 million tons in 1985, with an average annual sediment transport of 5.52 million tons.

In Tianyang County, the river is 100-300 meters wide, with a drop of 19.9 meters and a slope of 0.28 ‰. The annual average runoff is 8.588 billion cubic meters. The runoff of Huiren Youjiang River in the county is 89.17 million cubic meters and the runoff depth is 398.5 mm. The annual average discharge of Youjiang River is 272 cubic meters per second, the maximum discharge is 5490 cubic meters per second (June 25, 1968), and the minimum discharge is 11.7 cubic meters per second (June 3, 1958).

In Long'an County, the width of Youjiang River is 100-300 meters and the height of riverbed is 7-35 meters during the normal water period. The catchment area before entering China is 32576 square kilometers, and the catchment area after leaving China is 40240 square kilometers. From 1959 to 1985, the highest annual water level (the base level of the Pearl River) was 91.98m, the maximum discharge was 5920m3 / S (August 17, 1968), the annual water level of shenglow was 75.32m (April 2, 1976), the minimum discharge was 27.6m3/s (May 7, 1960); the annual average maximum discharge was 3474m3 / s, the average minimum discharge was 70.9m3/s, and the annual average discharge was 452.4m3/s The main runoff is 24.3 billion cubic meters (1968), the minimum runoff is 7.39 billion cubic meters (1963), the average annual runoff is 14.2 billion cubic meters, and the average annual sediment discharge is 5.09 million tons. The river bed in the county is generally composed of gravel, and the scouring and silting is not obvious. Taking the test section of Xiayan hydrological station as an example, the scouring and silting rate of the river bed is about ± 5% after the station has been built for 30 years.

The flood in Long'an reach of Youjiang River has certain seasonality: from May to June, it is caused by frontal rain; from July to September, it is caused by low-pressure trough (vortex) and typhoon; large floods and extraordinary floods mostly occur from July to September, mainly caused by typhoon. The source and combination of flood are 67.5% from Baise main stream, 8.16% from Longxu River tributary (flowing through Debao and Tiandong), and 23.2% from interval. The natural drop of Youjiang reach in the county is 10.5m, with 27 reef beaches and 15 shallow beaches.

In Nanning, the annual average natural runoff of Youjiang River is 14.5 billion cubic meters (Xiayan station). The flood season is from May to October, and the runoff is 12.2 billion cubic meters, accounting for 84.1% of the annual runoff. Since records, the maximum annual runoff is 24.6 billion cubic meters in 1968, 1.7 times of the average; the minimum runoff is 7.64 billion cubic meters in 1963, and the maximum annual runoff is 3.2 times of the minimum annual runoff.

The annual average sediment concentration of Youjiang River is 0.41kg/m3 (Xiayan station). From Baise to Long'an, the erosion modulus is 100 to 200 tons per square kilometer, and the sediment in Yongjiang River mostly comes from Youjiang river.

General situation of water conservancy

Youjiang River is a mountainous river with many beaches, rapid flow, sudden rise and fall, long dry season, and low navigation capacity.

The main dangerous shoals are "Bodao shoal", "chopping block shoal" and "Yuliang shoal". After many times of dredging and blasting in 1935 (24 years of the Republic of China), 1936, 1943 and 1965, the 120 tonnage barge fleet could pass day and night. It is an important waterway from Tiandong to Baise and Nanning. Before liberation, small-scale water storage and diversion projects were built in the tributaries and streams of Youjiang river. After liberation, until 1988, nine large irrigation stations were built on both sides of Youjiang River, including Xinzhou, Xiangshui, Pingma, Hejie, Nadu, Baoqun, pingta, lianglai and Silin.

There are also hundreds of large and small reservoirs such as Chengbihe reservoir, Batao reservoir, Baidong reservoir and Xianhu reservoir.

In Long'an County, Youjiang waterway had never been regulated before 1953, resulting in a minimum water level of only 0.4 meters in dry season and a narrowest width of only more than 5 meters. Ships and wooden sailboats could not sail at night. After 1954, the waterway department carried out dredging many times. In 1966, the minimum water level of the waterway increased to more than 1.4 meters in the dry season, and the width of the narrowest part increased to 22 meters, which made the tugboat with 200 ton capacity navigable day and night

Chinese PinYin : You Jiang He