Yangjun College

Yangjun College

Yangjun testing institute is located in the east of Hailing District government, west of Gulou road and north of Fuqian road. It used to be the former site of Yongning palace in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and it was the duchayuan in the Ming Dynasty. During the period from Kangxi to Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, it was an examination ground for examinees (scholars) in 8 counties, including Jiangdu, Ganquan, Yizheng, Baoying, Gaoyou, Xinghua, Taizhou and Dongtai, so it was also called "Yangjun examination college".

History of scenic spots

Yangjun trial court was originally the imperial examination court of Ming Dynasty. After the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, it became the place where Yangzhou government ruled eight counties and cities to test scholars.

In 1983, a house was demolished here, and a building of the spare time school for staff and workers was built. In the following ten years, the old examination institute successively worked in the general trade union, the Federation of literary and art circles, the Bureau of culture, the Communist Youth League Committee, the Labor Bureau, the women's Federation, the archives and other organizations. There is also a part of the building between the headgate and Sibu hall, which was demolished after liberation. The wood was used as the material of some buildings in Taishan park. In 1986, the ancient test institute became a county-level Taizhou Municipal Cultural relics protection unit. During the period of the enemy and puppet army, the trial court was occupied by the Japanese army, which served as the military police station in Xiangji in the south, and the auditorium was destroyed as a playground. During the period of the Republic of China, there were two tax police regiments in China to investigate salt tax evasion, one of which was located in Taizhou, which was then called Tai county. The headquarters of the tax police regiment of Tai county was stationed in the trial court, which was called Daying among the people. After the era of the Republic of China, the trial court was set up as the Education Association and persuasion School of Tai county By. We can see from the historical materials that after the abolition of the imperial examination in the thirtieth year of Guangxu, the school had been set up at the site of the Academy, and Zhu Mingqiu, a native of Zhengyi, had been rebuilt.

Those who have been to the Gongyuan of Nanjing Confucius Temple must have an intuitive understanding of the examination shed. In "Taizhou places of interest", a paragraph about the test shed can also make people imagine a general: divide the house into several small rooms, each room allows one examinee to enter for the exam, there is only one table and one chair in the room, and there is a bamboo curtain hanging at the door, which is called the test shed.

The imperial examination in Qing Dynasty was held once every three years, usually in spring and in summer. In autumn, the college entrance examination will be held and presided over by Xuezheng. The Yangjun college opens in the autumn. At the beginning of the examination, Taizhou's population increases rapidly and the market is prosperous. There are thousands of examinees and examinees everywhere. Businessmen came from Nanjing, Shanghai and other places to set up stalls on both sides of "kaopeng Street" (from xiyuanmen to dalinqiao), selling pen, ink, paper and inkstone, various printed books, antique treasures, daily groceries, fruit cakes and so on. The hotels and restaurants nearby are also prosperous.

The repair and restoration project of Taizhou "Yangjun test institute" was approved by the Municipal Planning Commission a few days ago, and the preliminary design has been completed. After the completion and restoration of the "Yang county trial yard", it can be echoed with the Town God's Temple which is being renovated to form a new tourism cultural landscape.

The total investment of the restoration project is 10 million yuan, with a construction area of 3550 square meters. It mainly recovers the drum blowing Pavilion, instrument gate, examination number, lobby, upper room and other buildings, and tries to reproduce the original appearance of Yangjun college. At the same time, it displays the knowledge of imperial examination procedure and evolution through pictures and other exhibitions.

Relevant people pointed out that there are few existing official buildings of Kao Xiucai. Yangjun academy represents the highest level of architecture in Taizhou area in the early Qing Dynasty. It is the physical witness of China's imperial examination system and the historical witness that Taizhou was one of the important cultural centers in Jianghuai area.

The renovation and restoration project of Taizhou University of science and politics was completed recently and officially opened to the public on August 1, 2008.

In 2005, large-scale repair began, and the project has been completed. The design drawing of the reconstruction project refers to the drawing of Yangjun test institute in the continued compilation of Taizhou chronicles, and the buildings such as the drum blowing Pavilion, the instrument gate, the examination number, the lobby, the upper room, the East and West building are repaired and restored. The renovated Yangjun college, through the concentrated display of historical materials, pictures and objects of China's imperial examination system, reproduces the spectacular scene of more than a thousand students rushing to take the examination of scholars. "Yangjun examination college" is the largest rural examination college in China. It is the physical witness of China's imperial examination system and the historical witness that Taizhou was once one of the important cultural centers in Jianghuai region.

Appearance of the scenic spot

In the history of Yangjun college, the building structure is complete and the scale is magnificent. There are many buildings, such as the head gate, the instrument gate, the hall, the Sibu hall, the East Building, the West building, the upper room, the lower room, the test shed, the blessing temple and so on.

According to the pictures of the examination institute in Taizhou annals, there are dongyuanmen and xiyuanmen on both sides of the square in front of Toumen, and there are dongchugu Pavilion and xichugu Pavilion in the Yuanmen. Opposite to Toumen is dazhaobi, and a flagpole (wooden watch) is erected on the East and west sides of Zhaobi. Pass through the patio from the head door to the instrument door, and then pass the corridor between the test sheds on both sides to reach the lobby. After the hall is the rolling shed, the corridor is the Sibu hall, and then the upper and lower rooms, as well as the East and West buildings and wing rooms on both sides. The whole examination hall was a large wooden official building in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty.

After hundreds of years of wind and rain, the main buildings of the college are only the head gate and Sibu hall.

Yongning Palace

Yangjun examination college is the only well preserved examination college in the whole province. Its cultural relic value can be compared with Nanjing imperial examination college. From there, there were a number of students who pursued their official career under the feudal imperial examination system. This is one of the demonstration of the feudal imperial examination system. It is also the site of Yongning palace in the post Tang Dynasty, which will make people trace back to a tragic and little-known historical story.

Yongning palace is a palace built by the descendants of Yang xingmi, who was promoted by liezu li of the Southern Tang Dynasty, to live in Taizhou. In name, it is to repay the favor of Yang's abdication and make his descendants peaceful forever. Therefore, Yongning palace is actually a place to imprison Yang's descendants. After Li Sheng was called emperor by Zen, he granted Yang Pu the title of emperor. After that, the emperor's family was moved to Yongning palace in Taizhou, where the assassins were ordered to keep a strict guard against intermarriage outside the palace. It lasted for 18 years and only allowed intermarriage inside the palace. For example, when he was five years old, Li's court sent envoys to the palace, granted them official titles and crowns. Then he died and was buried in a cemetery outside the palace. The capital called it xiaoerzhong. In the second year of Zhou Xiande (956), Zhou Shizong attacked Huainan and issued an imperial edict to pacify the Yang's descendants. Li Jing, the successor of the Southern Tang Dynasty, was afraid of it and sent people to Thailand to move the Yang's descendants to Runzhou. On the way, he tried to kill them because the road was in chaos.

It can be seen from the above historical facts that the purpose of Li's building Yongning palace was to imprison Yang's family and destroy their descendants, so as to prevent the resurgence of Li's family and recapture the country.

Today, there is no trace of the children's grave. The Yongning palace was later built as Taizhou Prefecture Government in song and Yuan Dynasties, Fengfu military envoy's courtyard and ducha courtyard in Ming Dynasty, and was rebuilt as Yangjun trial courtyard in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty

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Attachment: Yu Yang's notes on Yongning palace in a collection of old stories in Taizhou

Xu's family will be transferred to Yang's, namely, Shengzhou will be the western capital of Wu, and Yangzhou will be the eastern capital. It is said that Yang will be moved to Jiangnan and Baisha will be changed into yingluan town. Russia forced Zen, saying that Yang wanted to enter the Tao, but camp room in Maoshan, moved to Pu, book said: "by Zen senior minister Zhigao, honor name is gaoshangsi yuan Chonggu let emperor." When Pu crossed the river, he wrote: "the smoke condenses in Chu Xiu, the sorrow is thousands of points, the rain drops in Wu Jiang, the tears are thousands of lines. There are four brothers and three hundred people. They can't bear to sit up and think about it. " ① And will encounter kill, Fang recite Buddhist books in the upstairs. Emissary forward trend, Pu to incense burner throw, Russia and see harm. Li took Hailing as Taizhou, set Yongning Palace on the right side of the gate of Taizhou, moved his family to the place, and made Chu Rengui, a close follower, as an assassin for special protection. Later, when Zhou Shizong crossed the Huaihe River, Li sent people to hailing in a hurry to do his utmost harm. (first volume of the five Kingdoms story)

notes:

① In the volume of Jiang Biao Zhi written by Zheng Wenbao, it is said that "the old hometown of Jiangnan and Jiangbei is a dream in the past 30 years. Wu Yuan palace is now deserted, Guangling terrace is desolate. Thousands of clouds and dragons are far away from xiuchou, and thousands of raindrops and tears are in the boat. There are four brothers and three hundred people. They can't bear to sit up and think about it. "

② Zhigao was Xu Wen's adopted son. After he ascended the throne, he changed his surname to Li and changed his name to Sheng, which is the so-called liezu of the Southern Tang Dynasty.

③ Lu You's book of the Southern Tang Dynasty, Volume 2, yuan zongben Ji: "Ding Hai Yin Tingfan, the emissary of the dispatch garden, moved the emperor's family to Runzhou, and Tingfan killed 60 of his men. To thank the people of the state. "

Tourism characteristics

The front door is five rooms wide and two deep, and the method of distraction groove is adopted. The front eaves are heavy, the back eaves are heavy, and the main ridge is double arched. The single step beam has a bucket of three liters, and the cross intersects the lotus leaf pier. The double step beam has a bucket of six liters. Be careful that there are Qing style paintings on the beam. Sibu hall is also five rooms wide, but four rooms deep. Its front eaves are full of arches and its back eaves have no arches. It is divided into three parts. Under the golden truss of the hall, there is a huge blue gold plaque of "four churches" written by Cao xiuguang, the inspector of Qianlong's bingxu and Mengxia school. Under the ridge, there is an inscription of "the 17th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, Xinmao in March, Jidan Zhizhou was appointed to know Taizhou, and Zhang Zhaolu was rebuilt". The overall style of Sibu hall is majestic. The purlin is 9.75 meters high, the Pu Bai Fang is wider than the column forehead, the Fang is equipped with an inclined bucket arch, the maple arch is engraved with a dark eight immortals pattern, and the column is padded with a compound basin type stone foundation, which represents the highest level of Taizhou official architecture since the early Qing Dynasty.

Yangjun Academy was an examination venue for the examination of young scholars in eight counties of Yangzhou Prefecture under the imperial examination system in Qing Dynasty. During the period from Kangxi to Guangxu, the examination institute was always presided over by the provincial government, so it is also known as the school administration examination institute.

Yangjun college is the first level examination place in the three-level examination of Jinshi, Juren and Xiucai in China's imperial examination system. It is also the historical witness of Taizhou as one of the important cultural centers in Jianghuai area in the past. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Taizhou had a relatively stable society and a good reputation as a Taiping state. At one time, it was famous and talented. Taizhou has always attached great importance to culture and education since Tang and Song dynasties. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, the imperial court built an academic and political examination institute in Taizhou and made a lot of achievements

Chinese PinYin : Yang Jun4 Shi Yuan