Art Garden

The garden covers an area of about 5 mu, which still retains the old appearance of the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. The plane of the forest garden is a long and narrow rectangle from north to south. The northernmost side is the courtyard, which is composed of the main hall, Boya hall and water trees. There is a pool in the center, and the water surface is about 1 mu, which becomes the center of the whole garden. Southeast, southwest each out of a bay, set flat stone bridge. Except for the revetment at the waterside pavilion in the north, the rest of the pool banks are naturally tortuous. Taking the skills of net master garden, low buildings near the shore, such as huts and fishing sheds, make the water surface appear open. In the south of the pool, there is a screen of rockery and a bridge pavilion. There is a small courtyard in the southwest of the pool, which is quiet and elegant. The waterside pavilion in the north of the pool is 5 rooms wide, and on both sides there are ancillary buildings such as pavilions and corridors. These buildings occupy all the facades in the north, which is the only one seen in Suzhou gardens.

There are two square halls on both sides of the courtyard, and the edge pool is lined with lake stones, and there are camellia, Magnolia and other flowers and trees. There is a Ming Dynasty building in the southeast of the pool, named Ruyu Pavilion, which is a precious cultural relic. This garden has preserved the style, layout and gardening techniques of Ming Dynasty gardens. It is simple and natural. It is also the former residence of celebrities such as Wen Zhenmeng, so it has high historical and artistic value.

Art Garden

Yipu, also known as zuiyingtang and Yaopu, is located at NO.5 Wenya Lane in front of tianku in changmen, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province. It was built in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty (1541).

The total area of art garden is about 3300 square meters, residential buildings account for more than half, and the garden area is about 1300 square meters. In front of the garden is a residential area. The west of the house is a garden with an area of more than 3000 square meters. There are courtyards between the front and back halls of the residential area, which are connected by brick gate buildings. The art garden preserves the style, layout and gardening techniques of Ming Dynasty gardens. It is famous for its simplicity, natural simplicity, exquisite construction and secluded landscape. It can be called a masterpiece of Ming Dynasty residential gardens. It is also the former residence of Wen Zhenmeng and other celebrities, so it has high historical and artistic value.

On May 25, 2006, Yipu was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

Historical evolution

In the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty (1541), Yipu was first built by yuan Zugeng, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. It was named zuiying hall.

At the end of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Wen Zhenmeng became the leader of zuiying hall, which was renamed "Yaopu".

In 1660, the 17th year of Shunzhi in the early Qing Dynasty, Jiang Gu, a native of Laiyang, Shandong Province, bought it and renamed it "Yipu", also known as Jingting Shanfang, and later "Yipu".

In 1839, merchants Hu Shoukang and Zhang Rusong bought the garden to establish the silk guild hall, which was called "Qixiang office".

At the beginning of the Republic of China, because of the economic problems, the houses in the garden were rented out.

At the end of 1970s, Yipu was listed as a classical garden restoration planning project in Suzhou. According to the principle of "repair the old as the old", the layout and style are similar to the original appearance.

In 1984, the restoration of Yipu was completed and officially opened to the public.

Architectural features

structure

The total area of art garden is about 3300 square meters, residential buildings account for more than half, and the garden area is about 1300 square meters. In front of the garden is a residential area. The west of the house is a garden with an area of more than 3000 square meters. There are courtyards between the front and back halls of the residential area, which are connected by brick gate buildings. The gate faces east, and the zigzag long lane leads to the front hall Shilun hall, which leads to the network of people in the West. The garden is centered on the pool. At the southeast and southwest corners of the pool, there are water bays extending out, and a stone bridge of different shapes is erected above the water entrance.

The main hall is Boya hall and Yanguang Pavilion. There is a small courtyard in front of the hall. There is a lake stone flower terrace in the courtyard. Five bay waterside pavilion is built near the pool. The pool water converges into a small pool in the southeast of the pavilion. The pool surface is supported by a stone slab bridge, and the bridge deck is slightly arched, which is rare in other gardens. There are two routes to the foot of the mountain. All the way to the six corner Pavilion. The other road runs westward along the undulating stone path on the Bank of the pool, passing through the curved bridge to the inner courtyard of wangdongmen, which is the most secluded area in the garden. The small pool in the courtyard is connected with the big pool, covering an area of more than 600 square meters. The layout is mainly focused on gathering. Only one water bay is stretched out in the southeast corner and one stone bridge is set up in the southwest corner. The south of the pool is dominated by mountain scenery, while the linchi lake is made of Lake stones.

characteristic

The landscape of the garden is cheerful, the style is simple, and it is changeable and natural. Therefore, the water surface is open and flowing, and there is no feeling of congestion and cramping. The combination of pool water, stone path and cliff is a common way for garden makers in Suzhou during the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. From the landscape layout, pavilion bay to the detail treatment of a stone and a wood, all dialysis out the simple and elegant style features, with concise techniques, outline the basic concept of gardening.

In the southwest corner of the art garden, several small gardens are arranged as auxiliary scenery. According to the characteristics of the small garden, the gardeners create a garden art landscape with hazy mountains, vast water waves, deep forest springs, and empty pavilions and pavilions, so as to achieve the effect of "absorbing thousands of hectares of ocean and collecting four seasons of brilliance". The residential part of the garden is directly adjacent to the water and blends with the garden. The waterside pavilion is a part of the residence. The waterside pavilion and the attached rooms on both sides form the North shoreline of the pool. The shoreline is straight, open and slightly monotonous, which is conducive to feeling the painting from the inside of the building.

Cultural relics

Milk fish Pavilion: milk fish Pavilion is located in the southeast of the garden, west of the pool. The milk fish Pavilion is a Ming Dynasty Pavilion in Suzhou gardens. The pavilion is square with a sharp top, 3.05 meters high and 3.32 meters long. The wooden structure of the pavilion is quite peculiar. There are eight columns and twelve brackets in the pavilion. Between the brackets at the corner, there is a moon beam with an angle of 45 degrees. The ceiling is supported by four loose brackets. On the Dou Gong, Yue Liang, Fang and ceiling, there are unique grass dragon patterns. Pavilion southeast Bay on a Ming Dynasty flat arc three span stone beam bridge, known as milk fish bridge.

Nanzhai: Nanzhai is located in the southwest of Yipu, with three rooms. It used to be the reading place of Jiang's second son. Indoor furnishings, study layout, hanging on the wall of a mountain map.

Xiangyue Corridor: Xiangyue corridor is about 15 meters long, facing the pool and the mountain. Camphor, Lagerstroemia indica, Indocalamus, sesame, banana, Chimonanthus praecox, cixiaozhu and so on in the pool.

Yanguang Pavilion: Yanguang Pavilion is a teahouse with four marble screens.

Nianzu hall is a large waterside pavilion with five bays in the north of the pool. The whole building is built near the pool, and it is supported by stone bars and extends to the water. It is taken from the book of songs, Daya that "the king's minister, without reading Er Zu". "The ancestral hall is the residence of Mr. Qingshu. His family is Laiyang, and he lives in Wumen. He does not forget his origin, so he is named Tang to know it. " (nianzutang Ji) also means not to forget the death of Ming Dynasty. The hall has five rooms, which are spacious and simple, and the furnishings are simple and elegant. On the moon beam of the hall, there are mountain fog cloud sculptures of the Ming Dynasty. At the foot of the four walking pillars, there are compound basins with oblate wooden drums. The columns are decorated with gauze hats, so it is also known as "gauze hat hall".

Boya hall, located in the north of Yipu hall, is the main hall. Its wood structure is a relic of the Ming Dynasty. In the hall, paintings and couplets of modern Suzhou painters and calligraphers are displayed.

Yuou small pool is located at the gate of Yipu courtyard, in which there are scattered Lake stones, flowers and trees.

Research value

The art garden preserves the style, layout and gardening techniques of Ming Dynasty gardens. It is famous for its simplicity, natural simplicity, exquisite construction and secluded landscape. It can be called a masterpiece of Ming Dynasty residential gardens. It is also the former residence of Wen Zhenmeng and other celebrities, so it has high historical and artistic value.

protective measures

In November 2000, Yipu was listed on the world heritage list by UNESCO.

On May 25, 2006, Yipu was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China.

In 2017, Suzhou Municipal People's Government compiled the world cultural heritage Suzhou Classical Garden protection plan (2006-2020), to implement the improvement of the surrounding environment of the art garden.

In February 2018, Yipu updated the surrounding street signs.

History and culture

The predecessor of Yipu is zuiying hall built by yuan Zugeng in Ming Dynasty. Yuan Zugeng (1519-1590) was born in Changzhou (now Suzhou). In the 27th year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty (1541), he was a Jinshi. He went to Zhejiang Province as a deputy envoy (an official who assesses officials and administers justice). He resigned and retired at the age of 40. He chose a place to build a house and garden in Suzhou, and hung a plaque "City mountain forest" to live as a hermit.

Tourism information

Address: Yipu is located at No.5, Wenya lane, tianku front, changmen, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province.

Transportation: Take Suzhou bus No.31, No.54 and No.501 to "changmen Hengjie station" and walk for about 15 minutes. Or take Suzhou bus No.33, 88, 262, 301, 313 to "children's Hospital Jingde Road Hospital Station", and then walk for about 15 minutes.

Address: No.5, Wenya lane, Gusu District, Suzhou

Longitude: 120.60913085938

Latitude: 31.312908172607

Tel: 0512-67271614

Tour time: 40 minutes

Traffic information: changmen Hengjie station, No.31, No.54, No.501

Ticket information: 10 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Yi Pu