Yushan ancient tea farm

Yushan ancient tea farm is located at the foot of the tea farm in Matang village, Yushan Town, Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province. It is said that Yushan tea farmers in Jin Dynasty lived a hard life of "planting tea for half a year, picking salt for half a year, and having no rice for the new year". In turbulent times, natural disasters and military disasters occurred, and the tea market was blocked, so life would be even more difficult. Xu Xun, who traveled here to spread Taoist culture and drank the mellow local camellia, forgot to return. When he saw that tea trees were all over the mountains and tea farmers were worried that they could not sell their tea, he settled down to solve their puzzles.

traffic

Yushan ancient tea farm

Located at the foot of the tea farm in Matang village, Yushan Town, Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province, it is one of the only two national key cultural relics protection units in Pan'an County.

The existing building was built in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. It is divided into three parts: Tea Farm temple, tea farm management room and tea farm. The building area is 1559.57 square meters. According to records, the tea farm was built in the Song Dynasty, and its "Wuzhou Dongbai" was listed as a tribute in the Tang Dynasty. In the existing buildings, there are also some Qing Dynasty steles in the management room, such as "forbidding the foreign price of Atractylodes macrocephala and the foreign price of grain". Now the building is in good condition.

Yushan ancient tea farm

Yushan ancient tea farm in legend

Time of publication: May 25, 2006

Legend of tea farm

It is said that Yushan tea farmers in Jin Dynasty lived a hard life of "planting tea for half a year, picking salt for half a year, and having no rice for the new year". In turbulent times, natural disasters and military disasters occurred, and the tea market was blocked, so life would be even more difficult. Xu Xun, who traveled here to spread Taoist culture and drank the local mellow camellia, forgot to return. When he saw that tea trees were all over the mountains, and tea farmers were worried that they could not sell their tea, he settled down to solve their puzzles. He had a discussion with tea farmers, studied and improved the processing technology to make "Wuzhou Dongbai", and then sent Taoist disciples to bring "Wuzhou Dongbai" around to give tea to all Taoist temples, which was highly praised. Since then, four tea merchants have come to buy, Yushan ancient tea "Wuzhou Dongbai" best-selling around. The book of tea, written by Lu Yu, a "tea sage", says: "tea is produced in forty-two prefectures of thirteen provinces. Dongbai in Wuzhou is a famous tea. Dapan mountain and Dongbai mountain are good products, which are listed as tribute.".

In the Song Dynasty, in order to commemorate Xu Xun's achievements, Yushan tea farmers honored Xu Xun as the "real emperor". They built a tea house temple at the foot of the tea house mountain, worshiped the statue, and set up a tea house near the tea house temple. From then on, Yushan ancient tea farm became a place of tea discussion. In the past dynasties, there were officials and supervisors to promote the imperial order, which was called "tea Gang". In the Yuan Dynasty, because the Mongols came to control the Central Plains, the trade of Yushan tea was once weak. In the Ming Dynasty, the government set up "inspection department" in Yushan ancient tea farm to manage the tea farm. Tea grades are divided into "tribute tea, literati tea, road tea" and so on. Interesting tea tasting games such as "divide tea" and "fight tea" are produced, and the tea farmer with the best tea quality is named as tea doctor.

According to records, in 1443, Yushan tea and Atractylodes macrocephala were exported for profits. It was said that "in the first half of the year, it depended on tea, and in the second half, it depended on Atractylodes macrocephala". Important tea centered gatherings - "spring society" and "autumn society" were formed. Local tea farmers came to the tea farm to worship the tea God, and held folk cultural activities in the tea farm, such as watching opera, hanging lanterns, welcoming dragon lanterns, and erecting banners It's quite rich. In the early Qing Dynasty, according to the records of Dongyang county during the reign of Emperor Kangxi, "all tea is sold by the official, and the official gives the capital to the people, and then receives the tea. The private market is not allowed." In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the government appointed Dongyang county government to manage Yushan ancient tea farm. There were inscriptions in the tea farm, such as "forbidding foreign price of tea, forbidding foreign price of Atractylodes macrocephala, forbidding grain price".

structure

At the west end is the tea farm temple, which is a relic of the Ming Dynasty. The main ridge eaves are decorated with Double Dragons. The main ridge eaves and the second ridge eaves are engraved with lime carvings and murals. Historical wind and rain have left mottled marks on it, and some murals have made people feel like seeing flowers in the fog. Above the gate is Zhou Changji's handwritten "tea house Temple" stone plaque. The temple is a three bay structure, with a mixed structure of wearing bucket and lifting beam. In the temple, Xu Xun, the local tea God, is worshipped. Xu Xun is a famous Taoist master in the Jin Dynasty. The idiom "one person gains the Tao, the cock and the dog ascends to heaven" is familiar to everyone. But what is recorded here is a story forgotten by history. As early as the Jin Dynasty, Xu Xun spread Taoism and traveled here. He saw that tea trees were all over the mountains and the quality was good, but the tea was unsalable and the peasants lived a miserable life. In ancient times, the elegance of literati was always difficult to get rid of the relationship with the customs of tea and wine, so Xu Xun stayed here, studied the processing technology with tea farmers, made "Wuzhou Dongbai", and sent daotong to each temple to make tea, which was highly praised by all parties. From then on, "Wuzhou Dongbai" sold well all over the country. In the Tang Dynasty, "Wuzhou Dongbai" was listed as a tribute by the imperial court and included in Lu Yu's "tea classic". Later, the "tea God" Xu Xun was worshipped by thousands of people for thousands of years. Every year when spring tea is picked, the tea farmers present the first new tea and offer sacrifices to the "tea God"; after autumn harvest, the tea farmers come to thank the "tea God", thus forming two traditional temple fairs, spring society and autumn society, which focus on the material trade of tea, tea culture and folk culture performance and have great influence.

Separated from the tea farm is the management room of the tea farm, which is the tax collection and office place of ancient court officials. Today, the management of housing has become a "Zen master Guanyin.". It is said that as early as the Song Dynasty, there had been a tea farm and a tea farm temple, with a "tea Gang". In the second year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, the imperial court appointed Dongyang county government to manage the tea farm, and set up three steles, namely, "the first stele for the foreign price of tea, the first stele for the foreign price of Atractylodes macrocephala, and the first stele for the foreign price of grain.". In December 2004, Luo Zhewen, head of the ancient architecture expert group of the State Administration of cultural relics, pointed out after a detailed investigation of the ancient tea farm: "this kind of ancient market functional building is rare in China. It can be called a" living fossil "in the history of tea industry. A series of tea culture closely related to the ancient tea farm is amazing, filling the gap of tea culture in the history of cultural preservation in China. The "three monuments" show that in addition to seasonal tea trade, Yushan ancient tea farm also had free trade of Atractylodes macrocephala, grain and other commodities, reflecting the characteristics of the comprehensive market and witnessing the track of economic development in the mountainous area

From the ear room next to the management room, the ancient tea farm stands out. In space, the most intuitive feeling of ancient tea field is a square courtyard. In fact, she is composed of "two entrances, two wells and one gate". Before and after the two into the house are five bay, in three for the hall, on both sides of the wing. The hall and the wing are surrounded by 14 pillars to form a large courtyard, which is a two-story building in the form of Zoumalou. Upstairs is adjacent to the patio, and the corridor is connected on all sides, so as to facilitate the exchanges of merchants upstairs. There are fixed stalls and free trade stalls downstairs. There used to be a stage with flying eaves and wings in the patio. According to the elders, there are carved dragons and painted phoenixes, gourds and wind forks on it. It is exquisite and meticulous, which can be called a classic architecture here. From the middle into the two sides of the large simple stairs, upstairs is the ancient VIP stage. There is an old table in Taichung. Beside the table, there is an antique teapot with tea ornaments on it. On the abdomen, there are four words "Zhou Shunde Ji". It can be seen that the owner of the teapot has a rich family background. In ancient times, it was on this platform that people carried out such games as "tea fight" and "tea riddle guessing" without this kind of tea jar.

History of Yushan ancient tea farm

All over the world, we are telling people about the reincarnation and vicissitudes of history. It is these ancient things that have been washed and cleaned up over and over again, which have accumulated profound historical culture, bloomed dazzling light, and made more and more people fascinated. Pan'an also sees the great power brought by culture, and is actively developing the cultural connotation of Yushan ancient tea farm. Through a series of measures such as planning, protection, development and guidance, Pan'an really improves the whole "ancient" taste of the ancient tea farm. Vice governor Mao Linsheng was invited to visit the ancient tea farm. Zhao rentong, chief editor of architectural times, and Hong Tiecheng, construction planner, were also invited to make a detailed investigation on the ancient tea farm. They all put forward their own valuable suggestions on how to develop Yushan ancient tea farm. The development of Yushan ancient tea farm will add a strong historical and cultural color to this exquisite small mountain city, which is close to mountains and rivers, and greatly enhance the historical and cultural connotation of Pan'an.

significance

This kind of tea farm site, which integrates tea production, trade and tea culture, is unique in China. The good preservation of Yushan ancient tea farm is of great significance for the study of the historical inheritance of tea production and the further excavation of the connotation of tea culture and the ancient social and economic development. Pan'an will make full use of the tea culture and strive to establish the cultural brand of Yushan ancient tea farm, so that Pan'an's magical landscape and culture will go out of the boudoir and become a tourist attraction in central Zhejiang and a wonderful flower in the domestic tourism industry!

honor

On May 25, 2006, Yushan ancient tea farm, as an ancient building of the Qing Dynasty, was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Address: Matang village, Yushan Town, Pan'an County, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 120.67395

Latitude: 29.2037

Ticket information: 20 RMB

Chinese PinYin : Yu Shan Gu Cha Chang