Meidaizhao

Meidaizhao is located in meidaizhao village, tumed Right Banner, Baotou City, about 65 kilometers away from Donghe District, Baotou city. Meidaizhao, formerly known as lingjue temple, was later changed to Shouling temple. It is a lama temple with a total area of about 4000 square meters. There are a large number of vivid Buddhist historical murals in the temple, which is amazing. The main buildings of meidaizhao include ancient city, Daxiong hall, Liuli hall, God of wealth temple, Empress Dowager temple, Dalai temple, etc. the architectural style imitates the Han style of the Central Plains, but also integrates the Mongolian and Tibetan styles. According to historical records, meidaizhao was built in the Qinglong period of the Ming Dynasty (1567-1572 A.D.) and the third year of Wanli (1575 A.D.), and meidaizhao became the first temple built in tumechuan. As time goes by, it is now a national key cultural relic protection unit. The thick wall built around the temple seems to tell the story of the land in those years. The meidaizhao Museum, located on the meidaizhao square, shows the interaction and influence between Buddhism and Mongolian culture through the exhibition of pictures, text descriptions and precious mural relics. Every year on May 13 of the lunar calendar, the meidaizhao temple fair is held to commemorate the conversion of Andahan to Buddhism. The event lasts about a week and has a history of more than 400 years by the beginning of the 21st century. Temple fair integrates tourism, commerce and art performance, attracting tens of thousands of tourists to participate in the grand event every year.

Meidaizhao

Meidaizhao (the Mongolian "Meidai" means Maile) was originally named lingjue temple, and then changed to Shouling temple. It is one of the important Tibetan Buddhist buildings in Inner Mongolia and a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is located in meidaizhao village, tumed Right Banner, about 50 kilometers east of Baotou City, on the north side of Beijing Tibet expressway. The four corners of meidaizhao are built with piers extending about 11 meters and turrets on them. When you enter the Taihe gate, you will see the "Great Hall", which is an important center for the spread of Lamaism into Mongolia.

The temple is surrounded by walls, earth and stone, with a rectangular plane, 681 meters in circumference and a total area of about 4000 square meters.

During the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty (1567-1572), Altan Khan, the leader of the Tumet tribe of Mongolia, was granted the title of King Shunyi and built the Chengsi on tumechuan. Wanli three years (AD 1575) built the first city temple, the court granted the name of Fuhua city. Tibet's maidali Hutuktu came here to preach in the 34th year of Wanli, so it is also called maidali temple, maidali temple or meidaizhao.

Building distribution

Meidaizhao is close to mountains and rivers, and has a unique architectural style. It is modeled on the Han style of the Central Plains and integrated with the Mongolian and Tibetan styles. It is a lama temple with "the combination of city and temple, people and Buddha living together". With a total area of about 4000 square meters, there are a large number of murals in the temple, such as the historical murals of Sakyamuni in the Mahavira hall and the murals depicting the scenes of Mongolian nobles worshiping Buddha are intact.

The renovated meidaizhao gate is simple and elegant. Although there are no sutras fluttering around the Tibetan Buddhist temple, the site selection and layout of the building still have the charm of yellow religion.

Meidaizhao, as the "capital" of the Jin State of the Ming Dynasty, is the "imperial city" of Alatan Khan and Sanniangzi. It is also an important Buddhist Center and a holy land of Tibetan Buddhism during the period when Lamaism was introduced into Mongolia. It is a lama temple with "combination of city and temple, people and Buddha living together". It has certain value in the study of Mongolian history, Buddhist history, architectural history and art history of the Ming Dynasty.

Meidaizhao is surrounded by a thick wall, which is thick and strong, and can resist the army's shells and cavalry's raids. The whole city is slightly rectangular. The wall is about 4 meters high and 681 meters long. There are turrets at the four corners. The murals on the walls of the Buddha Hall are vivid and have high artistic value. In the middle of the south wall, there is a gate and a tower. On the gate, there is a stone plaque inscribed "Taihe gate" at the time of temple expansion in the Ming Dynasty. The hall where the Buddha statues are worshipped is in the city. The plaque on the Mountain Gate inscribed with the words "emperor's plan is consolidated, Emperor's road is Xianning, all people are happy to work, and the world is clear", signed as "the kingdom of Jin in the Ming Dynasty", which is quite special.

Main buildings

Ancient city. It's an irregular square city. The south gate is the main gate. The wall was rammed with earth and covered with stones. A horse road was built inside the gate to climb the city wall. On the gate platform, a second floor and three eaves tower with Xieshan style top was built (built according to the original style in 1985). Taihe gate was built in 1606, 35 years later than King Shunyi, 25 years after Altan Khan's death. The ancient city was built more than 40 years earlier than Taihe gate. The main buildings in zhaonei face south.

main hall. From the entrance, it has three rooms and two double eaves. The South Hall Sutra hall and the North Hall Buddha Hall are in one color. The top of the three halls are of Xieshan style. The East, West and south sides of the Sutra hall are surrounded by white Tibetan brick walls, forming a building combining Han and Tibetan. The lower part of the west wall of the Buddha Hall is painted with a group of pictures of Mongolian noble worshiping Buddha.

Taihe gate. In the center of the south city wall, there is Taihe gate, which is the main gate. The inside of the city gate is built with a horse road, and the top of the city gate is built with a second floor and three eaves (rebuilt in 1985 according to the original style). Taihe gate was built in 1606. The ancient city was built more than 40 years earlier than Taihe gate. The plaque on the door was inscribed with "emperor's plan consolidated, Emperor's road to Xianning, people's happiness, four seas clarified", and signed as "the kingdom of Jin in the Ming Dynasty".

Liuli hall. Xieshan style three storey Pavilion, Han style hall, three wide face, because covered with glass, Wang Yongmin valley called glass hall or three storey, surrounded by 20 Lang pillars. There is a small white tower in front of the west gate. The left and right side halls under the stone steps are commonly known as lianglang temple, with guanjian temple in the East and Shen Bodhisattva temple in the West. In front of the Liuli hall, there is the base of the God of wealth temple, and later the base of gongyefu.

God of wealth temple. Located in front of liulidian, only the base site remains.

Naichun temple. The Tibetan two-story building is said to be the living Buddha's house of Mai Dali who came to Mongolia to preach in Tibet. It is located at the head of the central axis, with a Falun on the roof, two bedrooms and golden light. It is an important place of Tantric school and closed on weekdays.

Buddha mansion. Originally, there was no living Buddha in the temple in the Qing Dynasty. This place is for the living Buddha to live when they come to call. There are three main rooms (hard hilltop, with eaves columns in front), the west room is separated by the original wooden fan wall, which is the living Buddha bedroom, and two East and West ear rooms (hard hilltop), where the living Buddha attendants stay.

Bajiao temple. The pavilion, originally with double eaves, has an octagonal base and a temple with walls.

Xiwanluo hall. Located in the west of juejiao temple, there are many thousands of Buddhas. There was an East ten thousand Buddha Hall outside the east wall, so it is called the West Buddha Hall. It's a hard top with eaves columns in front.

Empress Dowager's Temple (Sanniangzi Temple): located in the northeast of Daxiong hall, it is a Lingtang building with surrounding pillars, with double eaves resting on the top of the mountain. There are 5 rooms in width and 5 rooms in depth. There are only 3 rooms in the hall. The south wall opens in the middle without windows. It is said that it is the hall of the third lady. The original 1-meter-high sandalwood Pagoda in the hall was demolished in 1966. When it was demolished, it was known that there was an underground palace under the pagoda. In the underground palace, there was a bag of human ashes, three wooden combs, six rosary beads, a triangular silver plated negative medicine box and two diamond ears. In the Empress Dowager's temple, there are murals painted in the Ming Dynasty. Among the Mongolian costumes, there are portraits of atahan and Sanniangzi, which are unique in the murals of zhaomiao temple in Inner Mongolia.

Dalai temple. Located in the north of the Empress Dowager's temple, there is an independent courtyard in the northeast corner of the city wall. The main house is a two-story hard Hill style building with shame rooms on the East and west sides. It is said that Dalai III once lived here.

Baofeng pagoda on zhaowai mountain (3 meters in diameter and 4 meters in height). Called after the Lord Tian called Baofeng mountain, eight walls covered with pot type brick tower, painted white, commonly known as white tower. The original Liuli hall, Wanfo hall and lianglang Temple offer the same Buddha statues as those in the Han Dynasty.

Historical evolution

Genghis Khan's successor was converted to Islam, but his descendants in his hometown accepted Tibetan Buddhism. During the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty, Altan Khan, the leader of the Tumet Mongols, was granted the title of King Shunyi, and built the Chengsi on tumechuan. The first city temple built in the third year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1575 AD) was named lingjue temple, which was later changed to Shouling temple. The imperial court granted it the name of Fuhua city. The living Buddha maidali hutuk is dedicated to spreading Buddhism. He is willing to dedicate the great religion founded by Sakyamuni to his parents in his hometown who were born and raised here. In 1606, he came to the grassland to preach and preside over the religious activities of Shouling temple. Because of his outstanding achievements, there are many naturalists. In memory of his achievements, this temple is also called maidali temple, maidali temple or meidaizhao.

According to historical records, meidaizhao was built in the Qinglong period of the Ming Dynasty (1567-1572 A.D.), and Alatan Khan, the leader of the Tumet Mongols, was granted the title of King Shunyi, and the temple was built on tumechuan. In the third year of Wanli (1575 AD), the first city temple built was named lingjue temple. Later, it was changed to Shouling temple. The imperial court granted it the name of Fuhua city. Tibet's maidali Hutuktu came here to preach in the 34th year of Wanli, so it is also called maidali temple, maidali temple or meidaizhao.

Like Wang Zhaojun, after the death of Alatan Khan, Sanniangzi married Shunyi king, the son of Alatan Khan, three times according to the custom of "adoptive marriage system" left by the ancient northern nationalities, and maintained the tumed tribe for four years

Chinese PinYin : Mei Dai Zhao