Nanshan National Forest Park

Nanshan National Forest Park is composed of four scenic spots: Zhaoyin, bamboo forest, Lianhua cave and Wenyuan. Since the Southern Dynasties, it has been favored by scholars of all dynasties. Hundreds of literati and generals, such as Su Dongpo, Luo Binwang, Wang Changling, Kangxi, Qianlong, etc., have successively left a chapter of praising Nanshan.

The mountains are full of green pines and cypresses. In spring and summer, there are many birds singing, cicadas singing, and clear springs. In late autumn, the red leaves are as bright as fire, and there are many colors in the temple. Mi Fu, a great calligrapher of Song Dynasty, praised it as "urban mountain forest". There is also a lot of cultural landscape in the mountains. The temple building is located in the silent mountain. Zhaoyin temple was originally the place where Dai Gu, an artist of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, lived in seclusion. Later, Prince Liang Zhaoming built a reading desk here and compiled literary selections, leaving many historical sites. There is Zhulin temple in Jiashan, surrounded by ancient trees and thousands of bamboo poles. The Helin temple is located at the foot of Huanghe mountain. There is a Rhododendron in front of the Rhododendron tower in front of the temple. It is said that it has a history of 300 years. There are thousands of flowers when it is in full bloom. There is a lotus cave on the hillside of Huilong mountain. In the Ming Dynasty, monks developed and built the temple, so it was named because there were huge stones at the entrance, such as lotus. When Zhizai was first developed, "keel" appeared. In 1980, a number of Quaternary Holocene animal fossils and a human tooth fossil were excavated, which is more than 10000 years ago.

Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park

synonym

Nanshan National Forest Park generally refers to Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park

Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park is located in the south of Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province. The scenic spot is 2.5 kilometers away from the city center. It is the general name of Zhaoyin mountain, Huanghe mountain, Jiashan mountain, Jiuhua Mountain and other mountains, covering an area of about 1000 hectares. The forest park is located in the transition monsoon climate zone from the north subtropical zone to the warm temperate zone. The annual average temperature is 15.4 ℃, the lowest is - 12 ℃, the highest is 40.9 ℃, and the annual average precipitation is about 1074 mm. The forest vegetation type is deciduous broad-leaved forest, and the forest coverage rate is 73%.

Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park. Since the Southern Dynasties, it has been favored by scholars of all ages: Xiao Tong, the prince of Zhaoming in the Liang Dynasty, who compiled the selected works of Zhaoming; Liu Xie, the author of Wenxindiaolong; Dai Jia, the artist; Su Dongpo, the poet; Mi Fu, the father and son of MI Youren, who founded the "Mi's Yunshan" painting school, have written and lingered here successively.

Liu Yu, the founder of the Southern Song Dynasty, used to cut firewood and fish and sell straw sandals when he was young. Luo Binwang, Wang Changling, Kangxi, Qianlong and other hundreds of literati and generals have left a spread of Nanshan chapter.

In 1995, it was approved as a national forest park by the former State Forestry Administration.

geographical environment

Location context

Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park is located in the south of Zhenjiang city. Its geographical coordinates are between 119 ° 25 ′ 00 ″ - 119 ° 27 ′ 30 ″ E and 32 ° 8 ′ - 32 ° 11 ′ n, with a total area of 1000 hectares.

topographic features

The Nanshan National Forest Park in Jiangsu Province is the remnant of Ningzhen mountain range. After hundreds of millions of years of geological denudation, it has formed many low mountains, ranging from 30 to 185 meters above sea level (Jiuhua peak). There are Huangheshan, Huangshan, Yanshan, Jiuhuashan, Xiaolongshan, zhaoyinshan and Guanyinshan in the north.

Climatic characteristics

Nanshan National Forest Park in Jiangsu Province is located in the monsoon climate zone from north subtropical zone to warm temperate zone, with four distinct seasons, warm and humid, and abundant rainfall. The annual average temperature is 15.4 ℃, the lowest is - 12 ℃, the highest is 40.9 ℃, the annual average precipitation is about 1074 mm, the main wind direction is East, southeast wind, followed by northeast wind, the frost period is as long as 156 days, short as 76 days, the average relative humidity is 76%.

soil

The mountainous area of Nanshan National Forest Park in Jiangsu Province is breccia sand silt, while the hill and slope are clay and sub clay.

natural resources

plant resources

There are 74 families, 251 genera and 340 species of higher plants (except algae, mosses and lichens) in the natural ecosystem of Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park. There are about 27 dominant components of all kinds of vegetation in Zhenjiang City, of which 55.6% are distributed in East Asia and 7.4% are mainly distributed in tropics, and 88.9% are mainly distributed in East Asia and tropics and subtropics endemic to China. Deciduous trees still occupy the main advantage. There are many tropical families and genera in the flora of Nanshan Forest Park, such as Illicium verum, Cinnamomum camphora, Piper nigrum, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Camellia oleifera, Phyllostachys pubescens and so on. In North China and Northeast China, there are tea sticks, Euonymus, Acer truncatum, etc.

Animal resources

There are more than 80 kinds of birds and animals in Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park, including wild boar, egret, fox, peregrine falcon, goshawk, red bellied horned pheasant, etc.

Main attractions

Helin Temple

Helin temple is located at the northern foot of Moji mountain in the southern suburb. It was formerly known as Zhulin temple. It is one of the famous ancient temples in the southern suburb of Zhenjiang. It was founded in the fourth year of Daxing reign of the Yuan emperor of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (318-321), and has a history of more than 1000 years. According to the records, when Emperor Liu Yu of the Southern Song Dynasty was Qianlong, he wandered in Zhulin temple, and yellow cranes danced on it. That is to say, after the throne, Zhulin temple was changed into Helin temple in Yongchu period.

Maoshu lotus pond

There is a small pool on the left side of Helin temple. It is said that it was dug by Zhou Dunyi in the Song Dynasty. A philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty wrote the book "on the love of Lotus". He dug a square pool in the temple to plant lotus, which is called the love of lotus pool, that is, maoshu lotus pool.

Tomb of Mi Fu

Mi Fu's tomb is located in the southwest of Helin temple, covering an area of about one mu. There is a stone square in front of it. The tombstone is written by Mi Wanzhong, a descendant of MI family in Ming Dynasty. This is the memory and praise of Mi Fu.

Zhaoyin Temple

Zhaoyin temple was built in 432, the first year of Jingping in the Southern Dynasty. It has a history of more than 1500 years. It was originally Dai Yong's private house. After Dai Gong's death, his daughter was determined not to marry. She gave up her house as a temple, so it was named Zhaoyin temple. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, temples have been flourishing and abolishing for several times. Zhaoyin mountain was originally named animal cave mountain. Dai Gu, a sculptor and musician of the Southern Dynasties, once lived in seclusion here, so he changed his name to zhaoyinshan, also known as daigongshan. It was destroyed in the war during the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom period, rebuilt during the Tongzhi and Guangxu periods of the Qing Dynasty, and was destroyed by the Japanese during the Anti Japanese war.

Tiger running spring

The origin of Hupao spring: it is said that when Prince Zhaoming first came to Zhaoyin mountain, it was very difficult to drink water. One day when the prince was walking on the hillside, he met a tiger. In the process of attacking the prince, the tiger's front paw planed fiercely, leaving a deep pit and roaring away again and again. Inside the pit, there is a clear spring gushing out. The prince was overjoyed, so he called it "tiger running spring". Now the spring is in the well of Fangchi, the water is clear, and tea can be cooked. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, yuan Jizu rebuilt the square pool and renamed it "eternal green pool", so the tiger running Pavilion is also called "eternal green Pavilion". The stone wall beside the pool is embedded with the inscription of "tiger running spring", which was written by Cheng Jie, the magistrate of Zhenjiang in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhulin Temple

Zhulin temple is located in Jiashan. Jiashan is located after Zhaoyin mountain. It is also known as Zhulin mountain because of its bamboo sea. The original name of Zhulin temple is Jiashan temple, which was built by Zen master fa'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Because the temple is in the deep bamboo forest, you can see only the bamboo forest but not the temple from a distance, so it is named.

Zhulin temple is built close to the mountain, with a group of stone steps, a platform, five floors up and down, and climbing layers by layers. There is crescent River in front of the temple, and there are several ancient ginkgo trees in Henan, towering into the clouds. The original ningcui Pavilion in front of the temple gate has a beautiful scenery with mountains on its back and water on its surface. The temple of heavenly king at the mountain gate has been renovated, with a total of five rooms. The stone on the gate is "Zhulin Temple". From the temple to the third platform, there are five East and West guest halls on both sides.

Development and construction

Management construction

In 1995, Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park was under the jurisdiction of Zhenjiang Jinshan Jiaoshan Beigushan Nanshan Scenic Area Management Committee.

brand building

In November 1995, Jiangsu Nanshan National Forest Park was approved as a national forest park by the former State Forestry Bureau.

transport line

traffic

transit

Take bus No.15 to the terminal, take bus No.18 to the intersection of Zhulin, and walk for 5 minutes to the scenic spot.

Self driving

Shanghai direction: get off the Zhenjiang exit of Shanghai Nanjing Expressway, go straight along guantangqiao, turn left, go up Nanxu Avenue, and go to biyuyuan to Nanshan scenic spot.

Route

Route 1: Zhaoyin temple - Zhaoyin square - Tingli Mountain House - Hupao spring - Lubao spring - Yurui Pavilion - Zenghua Pavilion - Prince Zhaoming reading desk - Pearl Spring - bird Pavilion.

Route 2: Zhulin temple - lingongquan - yijiangting - Boxian tomb.

Route 3: Helin temple - Azalea - Sugong bamboo courtyard - maoshu lotus pond - MiFu tomb.

History and Humanities

legend

Prince Zhaoming came to Zhaoyin temple to study. The environment was very elegant, but there was no water to drink. In his spare time, he ran all over the mountain looking for the spring. One day, when the prince was walking on the hillside, suddenly a gust of wind passed and the leaves rustled and fell to the ground. As the old saying goes, "clouds from the dragon, wind from the tiger." The prince can't help but feel creepy. But there is a small hill under the hill. A tiger's front foot falls down and sinks down. The prince was surprised when he saw it. The tiger roared, and its front paws plowed this place, leaving a pond three feet deep. Then the tiger roared away. In an instant, a clear spring was seeping out of the pond, and the prince held the spring in his hands

Chinese PinYin : Nan Shan Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan