Bank of communications building

Bank of communications building

Bank of communications building (Bund) is one of the Bund buildings in Shanghai, located at No.14 Bund.

brief introduction

The Bank of communications building at 14 Zhongshan East 1st Road, built in 1940, covers an area of 1908 square meters with a construction area of 10088 square meters. It belongs to the style of modernism. The architectural design emphasizes vertical lines, and the facade is simple and clear. The exterior wall of the ground floor is decorated with black marble, which is solemn and luxurious. There are artificial circular marble escalators decorated with red copper railings on both sides of the entrance. When you go up to the hall on the second floor, you can see red and magnificent. The lower part of the 36 round columns and the walls around the hall are paved and decorated with red tiles, and the floor is also paved with red tiles. The dignified appearance and warm interior of the building make it unique and modern in classical architecture.

He is now the Shanghai Federation of trade unions.

history

Founded in 1908 (the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu), Bank of communications is one of the four early banks in China and one of the early note issuing banks. In 1958, except for the Hong Kong Branch, the domestic business of BOCOM was merged into the local people's Bank of China and the people's Construction Bank of China established on the basis of BOCOM.

In order to meet the requirements of China's economic reform and development, on July 24, 1986, as a pilot of financial reform, the State Council approved the re establishment of Bank of communications. On April 1, 1987, the newly established bank of communications officially opened business and became the first national state-owned joint-stock commercial bank in China, with its head office in Shanghai.

The Bank of communications building at 14 Zhongshan East 1st Road, built in 1940, covers an area of 1908 square meters with a construction area of 10088 square meters. It belongs to the style of modernism. The architectural design emphasizes vertical lines, and the facade is simple and clear.

The exterior wall of the ground floor is decorated with black marble, which is solemn and luxurious. There are artificial circular marble escalators decorated with red copper railings on both sides of the entrance. When you go up to the hall on the second floor, you can see red and magnificent. The lower part of the 36 round columns and the walls around the hall are paved and decorated with red tiles, and the floor is also paved with red tiles. The dignified appearance and warm interior of the building make it unique and modern in classical architecture.

Historical evolution

Plot 14 of the Bund was first purchased by British Opium merchant Randy lanslow, who was a foreigner who obtained the No. 1 lease after the opening of Shanghai. Later, due to business failure, the real estate had to be sold. In 1890, Germany's trade with China developed. The German bank, which was composed of 13 German banks, bought the plot and slightly rebuilt the original 4-story "East India style" house. In 1914, the first World War broke out, and in 1917, the Chinese government declared war on Germany. According to international practice, German property in China was recovered, and Bank of communications took over the German bank of China.

The Bank of communications was established in January 1907 with the approval of the Ministry of Posts and shipping of the Qing government, with a capital of 5 million taels, of which 40% are official shares and 60% are commercial shares. The head office is located in Beijing and the first branch was set up in Shanghai in May of the same year. It was originally located in Qianji lane, Tianjin road. It also borrowed the Customs Building No. 13 on the Bund for business. In 1917, Dehua bank left China, and its address No. 14 on the Bund was used by Bank of communications, which became the second Chinese bank to enter the Bund. In 1927, the Nanjing national government was founded, and the political center moved to the south. Many banks headquartered in Beijing moved to the south one after another.

In 1928, the head office of Bank of communications also moved to Shanghai and changed its branch address on the Bund to the head office. With the development of business, the old buildings are not enough for use, so it is planned to demolish and rebuild them. Unfortunately, several designs were stranded due to the outbreak of war. After the Shanghai concession became an isolated island, the head office moved to Wuhan and then to Chongqing, and the Shanghai Branch remained. During this period, the Japanese army once sent Fujia of Sumitomo Bank as a representative to clean up the branches, and resumed business under the control of the Japanese army in 1942. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the head office returned to Shanghai and formally implemented the building reconstruction plan. Reconstruction began in 1946 and was completed in October 1948.

architectural style

The new building of Bank of communications covers an area of 1908 square meters and a building area of 9485 square meters. It is designed by Hongda foreign company and constructed by taofuji construction plant.

The main body of the building is 6 floors, with 8 floors in the middle. It is a reinforced concrete frame structure. Both the front and the side are vertical lines to highlight the three-dimensional sense of the building. The bottom door frame is veneered with black marble, and the other walls are painted with white cement.

The gate used to be a turnstile. Inside the gate is a corridor paved with colored artificial marble, with circular escalators on both sides against the wall. The stairs are made of marble and railings of red copper.

Go up to the platform on the second floor by escalator, pass through 4 aluminum frame glass doors, and enter the tall and spacious hall. The hall is supported by 36 marble columns. There are warehouses, generators, air conditioners and two Otis elevators in the building. The interior design of the whole building emphasizes practicality.

After liberation, the building was used by the Shanghai Federation of trade unions.

The rectangular three-dimensional of the whole building is very obvious. The door frame on the ground floor of the East facade is covered with black marble, and the rest of the walls are painted with white cement. The entrance is a round hall with stairs on both sides. There are nine marble columns in each row and four rows in total.

There is a hall on the second floor. The elevator is set on one side of the hall. There is a larger hall on the side of the elevator. Although the rooms above the third floor are not too high, the light treatment is better. The East facade is six stories, and the main entrance is eight stories (Hankou Road is five stories, some eight stories). This building is a typical representative of the second stage of the Bund building.

Development status

As China's first national joint-stock commercial bank, Bank of communications has been shouldering a double historical mission since its re establishment. It is not only the successor of a century old national financial brand, but also the pioneer of China's financial system reform. Bank of communications has achieved six "firsts" in the reform and development of China's financial industry, namely, the first company to implement the share-holding system in the form of capital source and property right; the first company to set up institutions according to the market principle and cost-benefit principle; the first company to break the monopoly of the business scope of the financial industry and introduce the competition mechanism into the financial field; the first company to introduce the asset liability ratio management and standardize the business operation It is the first comprehensive commercial bank that can engage in banking, insurance and securities business. The practice of the reform and development of Bank of communications has opened up the way for the development of China's joint-stock commercial banks and played a catalytic, promoting and exemplary role in the financial reform.

In June 2004, in the process of Deepening China's financial reform, the State Council approved the overall plan of deepening the joint-stock reform of Bank of communications. The goal is to make bank of communications a modern financial enterprise with perfect corporate governance structure, sufficient capital, strict internal control, safe operation, good service and efficiency, strong international competitiveness and a century old national brand. In deepening the reform of joint-stock system, Bank of communications has completed the financial restructuring, successfully introduced strategic investors at home and abroad, such as HSBC, social security fund, Central Huijin Company, and made efforts to promote the benign transformation of the system and mechanism. On June 23, 2005, Bank of communications was successfully listed in Hong Kong, becoming the first mainland Chinese commercial bank to be listed overseas. At present, Bank of communications has developed into a modern commercial bank with a century old national brand with "clear development strategy, perfect corporate governance, sound institutional network, advanced operation and management, high-quality financial service and good financial condition".

Clear development strategy. In the face of the complex external business environment, increasingly rigid capital constraints and gradually promoting the market-oriented reform of interest rate, Bank of communications has implemented the strategic transformation of management and development since 2005, based on the phased achievements of deepening the joint-stock reform and the new historical stage of development. The strategic goal of BOCOM is to move towards the goal of "international public bank, innovative bank, comprehensive bank, intensive bank and advanced bank", and strive to establish a first-class financial holding group.

Perfect corporate governance. The equity structure of Bank of communications is diversified, the basic system of corporate governance has been established, the corporate governance structure has been basically completed, and the corporate governance has been constantly mature and standardized. In accordance with the standards of public holding banks and the requirements of regulatory rules at home and abroad, a highly specialized and international board of directors and a board of supervisors responsible for the general meeting of shareholders have been established, and the specialized institutions of the board of directors and the board of supervisors have been improved. The senior management has full authority to carry out business management under the authorization of the board of directors. The strategic decision-making role of the board of directors, the operation and management responsibilities of the senior management and the supervision responsibilities of the board of supervisors have been brought into full play, and the mechanism of shareholders' meeting, the board of directors, the board of supervisors and the senior management have been basically formed.

Sound institutional network. BOCOM has a nationwide and overseas oriented institutional system and business network. The distribution of branches covers economically developed regions, economic central cities and international financial centers. By the end of 2006, BOCOM had 95 domestic branches, including 28 provincial branches, 7 directly affiliated branches, 60 provincial branches (branches), and 2628 business organizations, which were distributed in 143 cities (in addition to 95 branches, there were 48 county-level cities not separately accounted for)

Chinese PinYin : Jiao Tong Yin Hang Da Lou