Black soybean

(Ben Cao Tu Jing)

[synonyms] Wudou (behind elbow), Heidou (rihuazi materia medica), dongdouzi (records of Sichuan Traditional Chinese Medicine).

[source] the black seed of soybean.

[plant morphology] soybean (Ben Jing), also known as Dashu (Guan Zi).

Annual herb, 50-80 cm high. Stem erect or upper tendril, densely yellow hirsute. It has 3 compound leaves, long petiole, dense yellow hirsute, small stipules, lanceolate, 3 leaflets, ovate, broadly ovate or narrowly ovate. The leaflets on both sides are usually obliquely ovate, 6-13 cm long and 4-8.5 cm wide. The apex is obtuse or acute, the midrib often protrudes into a spine tip, the base is round, broadly cuneate or nearly truncate, entire or microwave shaped. Both sides are covered with yellow hirsute. Raceme is short and broad, axillary, with 2-10 flowers; flowers are white or purple; calyx is green, bell shaped, apex 5-toothed, covered with yellow hirsute; corolla is butterfly shaped, flag petal is obovate, apex is round, slightly concave, wing petal is grate shaped, with fine claws, petal is slightly rectangular, base has claws; stamen is 10, 2-body; ovary is linear elliptic, covered with yellow hirsute, base has undeveloped glands and style Stigma capitate. Pods oblong lanceolate, 5-7 cm long, 1 cm wide, apex slightly convex, brown, densely covered with yellow long bristles. Seeds ovoid or nearly spherical, testa yellow, green or black. The flowering period is August. The fruiting period is October.

It is cultivated all over the country.

The leaf (black soybean leaf), flower (black soybean flower), yellow seed (yellow soybean) and black seed coat (black soybean skin) of this plant are also used for medicine. See special section for details.

[chemical composition] it is rich in protein, fat and carbohydrates, as well as carotene, vitamin B1, B2, nicotinic acid, etc. it also contains the following components: isoflavones: daidzein glycosides and genistein. The former contains 0.007% daidzein and glucose after hydrolysis, while the latter contains 0.01-0.15% genistein and glucose after hydrolysis. Two Saponins: soybean saponin A, B, C, D, e 5 aglycone, and aglycone binding sugar glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose and glucuronic acid, aglycone and sugar ratio is 1:1. In defatted soybean powder, the content of saponin is about 0.60%. In addition, it contains choline 2.06-2.90 mg / g, folic acid 2.30 μ g / g, folic acid 0.74 μ g / g, pantothenic acid 13 mg / kg, biotin 750 μ g / g and vitamin B12_ 008 μ g%, sialic acid 0.04%. The content of levulinic acid in soybean hydrolysate was 0.971-3.559%.

For the composition of soybean fatty oil, please refer to "soybean oil". For the ingredients of soybean skin, please refer to "black soybean skin".

[pharmacological action] soybean contains a small amount of daidzein and genistein (hydrolysate), both of which have estrogen like effect (oral administration 2.5g/mouse/day, uterine weight measurement after 6 days). The intensity of action is genistein: Chickpea sprout a: daidzein = 1.5:1.0:0.4, but it is also considered that daidzein has stronger effect than the other two. Daidzein was not absorbed by subcutaneous injection in mice, and its estrogen like effect was equivalent to 0.00001 of diethylstilbestrol in oral or intraperitoneal injection. Excessive intake of isoflavones may affect the physiological function of livestock. Daidzein has antispasmodic effect on isolated small intestine of mice, and the total effect is 37% of that of alkaloid.

Sweet and smooth.

① Bielu: "Gan, Ping. "

② Yilin zuanyao: "sweet, salty, bitter, cold. "

[Guijing] into the spleen and kidney.

① "To match Materia Medica": "enter the foot Shaoyin meridian. "

② New materia medica: "entering the heart, spleen and kidney. "

③ In the compendium of materia medica: "entering the hand foot Shaoyin and Jueyin meridians. "

Functions and indications: promoting blood circulation, promoting diuresis, dispelling wind and detoxifying. It is used to treat edema and fullness, wind toxin and beriberi, jaundice and edema, wind arthralgia and tendon contracture, postpartum wind spasm, mouth hush, carbuncle swelling and sore toxin, and antidote toxin.

① "Ben Jing" says: "painting carbuncle and swelling; boiling juice and drinking can relieve pain. "

② Bielu: "Zhushui distension, in addition to the stomach heat Bi, injury in the dew, under the blood stasis, scattered five accumulation of cold, kill Aconitum poison. Fried for crumbs, the main stomach heat, to swelling in addition to Bi, Xiaogu, stop abdominal distension. "

③ Cui Yuxi's book of food: "boiling and drinking juice, treating toxic edema, eliminating five drenching, defecating and removing accumulation. "

④ Meng Shen: "he fan mashes and spreads all kinds of poisonous swelling; treats Yin swelling of men and women by wrapping it with cotton; kills all kinds of medicine and poisons; he sangchai's ash juice boils it and swells the stomach in the water. "

⑤ "Dietotherapy Materia Medica" says: "it is mainly used to treat the weakness of the feet due to apoplexy and postpartum diseases; if you drink it with boiled soup, you can remove all the heat and toxic gases and be good at treating the foot due to wind and toxin; if you cook it, you can control heartache, tendon contracture, knee pain and fullness; kill Aconitum and poison. "

⑥ In the collection of materia medica: "fried black, smoke is not broken, and hot wine, the main wind arthralgia, paralysis, mouth silence, postpartum wind.". "

⑦ "Rihuazi Materia Medica": "regulating the middle and lower Qi, dredging meridians. "

⑧ "The compendium of Medical Sciences": "treat kidney disease, benefit underwater Qi, control wind heat, activate blood circulation. It can also be used to treat diarrhea and umbilicus pain; it can also be used to treat wind spasm and Yin toxic abdominal pain. "

⑨ "Materia medica Huiyan": "boiling juice drink can moisten kidney dryness, so it can stop night sweats. "

⑩ "Sichuan Traditional Chinese medicine annals": "treatment of jaundice and edema, kidney deficiency enuresis. "

[usage and dosage] oral administration: Jianyang, 0.3-1 Liang, or into pills or powder. External use: grind powder mixed or boiled juice coated.

[taboo] 1. Notes to the classic of materia medica: "evil five ginseng.",. De, Wu beak, almond, oyster good. "

② "Compendium": "those who take it should avoid fried beans, and those who take it should also avoid it, and those who take it should be angry. "

[prescription selection] 1. To cure the swelling and fullness of apoplexy, the body and face are all big: one liter of soybean. Take five liters of water, boil two liters, remove beans, take eight liters of wine, and boil nine liters. Take three or four servings. Be careful not to drink too much when you are thirsty. (behind the elbow)

② Treat beriberi into abdomen, heart stuffy person: thick boiled soybean juice drink a big liter, more than drink. (Zhang Wenzhong)

③ Treatment of erysipelas in children: it is good to apply thick boiled soybean juice, and has no scar. (Qian Jin Fang)

④ Cure acne dampness rotten: black soybean grind end apply it. (compendium)

⑤ Treatment of children's soup fire sore: boiled soybean juice coated, easy to boil, no spots. (secret records of son and mother)

⑥ Treatment of diabetes: black beans placed in cattle gall Yin dry for 100 days, swallow it. (behind the elbow)

⑦ Treatment of kidney deficiency and diabetes: big black beans (fried). Superior divided into the end, batter pills, such as the son of large, black beans hundred (fried) soup. (PU Ji Fang Jiu Huo WAN)

⑧ For infantile fetal heat, two black beans, one licorice, seven inch wick, one piece. Take it in water. (Quan You Xin Jian)

⑨ Zhongdi Shidu: use soybean juice to relieve it. (behind the elbow)

⑩ Zhongba bean poison: the solution of soybean juice. (behind the elbow)

[famous expert's discussion] 1. In the collection of materia medica: "the fried soybean is extremely hot, the cooked soybean is extremely cold, the Yellow roll and sauce are flat. "

② Wang Ying's food materia medica: "Tao Hua cooks black beans in salt, and often eats them. Yun can tonify the kidney. "

③ The compendium of Medical Sciences: "black beans have many functions in the kidney, so they can cure water, reduce distension, lower Qi, control wind heat, activate blood circulation and detoxify. The so-called" seeking the same Qi with each other "is also called" soybean detoxification medicine "according to the ancient formula. If you try it every time, you can add licorice to it. It's amazing that you can't know such a thing. "

④ The classic of materia medica: "soybeans, qiboyun, are warm, ripe and cold. Cangqiyun's life, fried food is extremely hot, boiled food is extremely cold. According to Ben Jing and Meng Shenyun, if the raw material is rammed and smeared with swelling poison, the raw material is not warm. It is also said in the classic that frying is a kind of crumb, which is the main source of heat in the stomach, so the fryer is not extremely hot. Should be life, fried warm, boiled cold no doubt. "

⑤ "Ben Cao Hui Yan": "black soybean is a medicine for detoxification and heat. Miao said that he is good at detoxifying hardware, eight stones, herbs and insect poisons. He should soak them in water, mash them raw, and mix them with white soup. It can also remove wind, promote diuresis and dissipate heat, so it is used in fengbi paralysis prescription, huangpox edema prescription and Fanke rejie prescription. Cooked food is beneficial to intestines, fried food is closed, water immersion, raw rammed food detoxification, spread carbuncle on the meat. However, the nature is sharp and the quality is firm and smooth, and eating more makes the abdomen distended and sharp. Therefore, sun Zhenren said, "eat less to awaken the spleen, and eat more to damage the spleen.". "

Chinese PinYin : Hei Da Dou