Tan Yan

Tan Yankai

Tan Yankai (January 25, 1880 - September 22, 1930), a native of Chaling, Hunan Province, was a nunnery with the name of Wuwei and qizhai. He was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. He was a famous statesman, calligrapher and founder of Hunan cuisine in the period of the Republic of China.

Tan Yankai once served as the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. He served as the governor, governor and commander-in-chief of Hunan three times. He was awarded the rank of general and Grand Marshal of the army. He used to be the president of Nanjing National Government and the president of the Executive Yuan. On September 22, 1930, he died in Nanjing. After his death, the government of the Republic of China held a state funeral for him. Tan Yankai is known as the "master of modern Yan Shu" and his works include the collection of poems of Zuan. He is good at food and is the founder of Hunan cuisine of Zuan. Chiang Kai Shek married Song Meiling, and Tan Yankai was the introducer.

Life of the characters

Tan Yankai is from Chaling County, Hunan Province. Qingguangxu was born on December 14, 1880. It is said that when Yankai was born, his father Fang died and he Wen'an (Linghan) came to worship him in his clothes. He suddenly woke up. Just at this time, Yankai was born, so his name was zu'an, also known as fearless. Later, people respected him as "Duke Wei". His father, Tan Zhonglin. According to Zhu baojiong's index of inscriptions of Jinshi in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Tan Zhonglin was the tenth Jinshi in the second class of Bingchen family in the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856); according to Volume 7 of CI Lin Ji Lue, Tan Zhonglin, whose name is Yunjin, was born in Chaling, Hunan Province. He is the editor of the museum. Official to the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, posthumous Wenqin. Tan Yankai is intelligent and studious. He joined a private school at the age of 5. His father stipulated that he should write an article in three days, write a poem in five days, and practice writing several pages of large and small regular script. At the age of 11, he studied the literature of Zhiyi, which was called "genius" by Weng Tonghe, the master of Emperor Guangxu. In 1893, Tan Yankai went to Changsha to take part in the children's test, and passed the entrance examination for a scholar. Tan's father was very old at that time. While accompanying his father to his old age, Tan Yankai continued to follow famous teachers from all over the world to learn modern prose. In 1904, Tan Yankai took part in the last imperial examination at the end of Qing Dynasty. The first Gongshi in the examination, Huiyuan, filled the gap that Hunan had no Huiyuan for more than 200 years in Qing Dynasty. In April, he took part in the palace examination, ranked the 35th in the second class, and was granted Jinshi background.

Yankai was a gifted young man who inherited his family's education. He was very talented and had a lot of writing power in linchi. Weng Tonghe loved him when he saw him. Tan Fu said: "Sanling Lang is a great tool, and his writing power is almost enough to carry the tripod." The consequences are as they say. Guangxu 18 years (1892) into the government school, Guangxu 28 years (1902) Zhongju person, 30 years Jinshi, into the Imperial Academy, spin teach editing, back to Hunan school. In her later years, Empress Dowager Cixi personally presided over the reform, that is, the so-called "Dingwei New Deal", which was actively echoed by Yankai. She was the leader of the Hunan constitutional school and served as the speaker of the provincial "Advisory Bureau".

After the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, he served as chairman of the Senate and Minister of civil affairs of the military government in Hunan. At the end of October, after the constitutionalists killed Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin, they were elected as the governors of Hunan Province by the Advisory Bureau. In July 1912, he was officially appointed as the governor of Hunan by Beijing government. In September, he was also the director of Hunan civil affairs. He joined the Kuomintang and served as the head of Hunan Branch. In 1913, he took part in the second revolution and declared the independence of Hunan Province. He published a report on yuan in Changsha daily, so he was removed from the post of governor by Yuan Shikai. After leaving his post, he successively stayed away from Qingdao and Shanghai. In 1915, Yuan became emperor and Yankai took part in the movement of protecting the country. After August 1916, he was reinstated as governor and governor of Hunan Province and President of Hunan Senate. In the war of protecting the nation, in order to exclude the warlords from other provinces to control Hunan, he put forward the slogan of "returning Hunan affairs to Hunan people". After his death, Yuan served as governor and governor of Hunan Province. In November 1920, he was expelled by Zhao hengti and went to Shanghai. In 1922, he defected to Sun Yat Sen and joined the Kuomintang again. In June, he served as commander-in-chief of the Quanxiang bandit army. After 1923, he served as interior minister, construction minister, governor of Hunan Province and commander-in-chief of Hunan army. In January 1924, he was elected member of the first central executive committee of the Kuomintang, member of the Central Political Committee and Secretary General of the headquarters. In July 1925, he served as member and standing member of the Guangzhou national government, member of the Military Commission and standing committee, and commander of the second army of the national revolutionary army. In September, he acted as Minister of Military Department of Guangzhou national government. In January 1926, he was elected as a member of the second central executive committee of the Kuomintang. In March, he acted as the chairman of the Guangzhou national government. In April, he served as the chairman of the Central Political Committee. In July, he acted as chairman of the Central Party Department of the Kuomintang. After March 1927, he served as member of the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang, member of the presidium of the Central Political Council, member of the presidium of the Military Commission, member of the national government, member of the Standing Committee, and member of the wartime economic committee of the Wuhan National Government. In September, Nanjing, Han and Shanghai set up a special committee of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang in Shanghai as the chairman of the Congress. In February 1928, he was the chairman of the Nanjing National Government. In October 1928, he was transferred to the president of the Executive Yuan. He was also a member of the capital construction committee, a member and chairman of the finance committee, a member of the central executive committee and Standing Committee of the Kuomintang, and a member of the premier's Cemetery Management Committee. He died in Nanjing on September 22, 1930.

Tan Yankai, together with Chen Sanli and Tan Sitong, was known as the "Huxiang three CHILDES" at that time, and was awarded the Imperial Academy editor. Among the four great calligraphers of the Republic of China, there were four great calligraphers named Zhen Cao Zhuan Li. They were Tan Yankai's Zhen, Yu Youren's Cao, Wu Zhihui's Zhuan and Hu Hanmin's Li. Known as "South Tan North" reputation. These four people are all senior figures of the Kuomintang, and they are also top scholars active in the political arena.

Tan Xiang, the daughter of Tan Yankai, married Chen Cheng, who later became the vice leader of Taiwan.

Calligraphy achievements

His regular script is like a falling stone, his paintings are like Xia Yun, his hooks are like Qu Jin, his swords are like a crossbow, and his vertical paintings are mostly composed of hanging needles. His strokes are calm, steady and forceful, which makes people feel strong and strong. In the early Qing Dynasty, the beauty of the calligraphy world was not enough. Although he was a Jinshi in the former Qing Dynasty, his calligraphy was not graceful. After Qian Feng in Qing Dynasty, he was another master who wrote face style. Known as "since the Republic of China, there are no scholars of beauty.".

Tan's calligraphy style changed several times. When he was weak, he learned from Zhao Songxue and Liu Shian. Then he learned from Lu Gong's regular script. He also studied Dongwu (Yang Zhao) and songchan (Weng Tonghe). At the age of 30, he majored in Yanshu and Qian Nanyuan's calligraphy. He took Magu Xiantan Ji as a daily lesson and got 220 passes in his life. In April 1929, Tan recuperated in Shanghai, during which he was faced with 203 cases. In Magu Xiantan Ji, Tan's writing style is strong and vigorous, which is similar to Qian Nanyuan's. His strokes are heavier and more powerful than Qian's. Its structure is strict and exquisite, such as the sage's front arch in the temple, which is deep in its spirit and admirable. He advocated that "the upper should not yield to the lower" and "the left should not yield to the right". In addition to learning from Lu Gongshu, Tan's family was also involved in Zhuan and Li. After 40 years old, he lived in Guangzhou and was everywhere in ancient calligraphy. This is a great change in the study of life and calligraphy. In 1926, Tan Yankai recited ancient calligraphy in regular script, such as Huangshan Valley, Su Dongpo, MI Xiangyang, Zhao Songxue, wenhengshan, zhuzhishan and Dong Qichang. Tan Linti's speed is very high, and his strokes are very good.

Yan Zhenqing's regular script has not been paid much attention since it was criticized by minanggong. There was no master who was good at writing Yan style in song, yuan and Ming Dynasties. The early Qing Dynasty was basically the world of Dong Qichang's calligraphy. It was not until Liu Shi'an (Liu Yong) in the middle of Qing Dynasty and later Qian Feng, he Shaoji, Weng Tonghe, etc. that Yan Shu was revived. However, most of the calligraphers in Qing Dynasty still wrote cursive script, and they were good at seal and official script, but regular script was rare. Qian Feng was a famous scholar for a time. He learned the words of Yan and got his interest. But the horizontal and vertical display board is hard, not as clever as Duke Lu. Even so, in the field of regular script, Qian Feng was rare. Regular script is able to show real Kung Fu, a little bit of a painting, a little deviation, a look will know. Tan Yankai is especially famous for his regular script. It can be said that Tan Yankai spent most of his life attacking Yan Shu. Tan Yankai is good at poetry couplets, breaking the list of books and writing in regular script. Calligraphy works have both artistic and cultural value, and most of them are collected in Hunan.

On the huge stone tablet in the pavilion on the hillside of Zhongshan Mausoleum, there are two lines of huge gold characters: "the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here", which are Tan's handwriting.

When Tan Yankai was young, his calligraphy was appreciated by Weng Tonghe. In his letter to Tan's father, Weng said, "third Ling son, great tool! You can carry the tripod with your pen Every time Mr. Yu Youren talked about calligraphy, he would say: "Tan Zuan has real ability." Ma zonghuo commented on his book: "in his early years, the group nunnery imitated Liu Shi'an, in his middle age, he devoted himself to Qian Nanyuan and Weng songchan, and in his late years, he visited Minan palace. He has a strong bone and can be described as a strong pen." His running script is a fusion of Liu Shi'an and Qian Nan yuan. Its stippling is plump, mellow and graceful, which is like a stone nunnery. It is vigorous and vigorous. It is broad and sparse, and its momentum is impressive. It is also like Nanyuan. Tan Yankai was born as a Jinshi. He entered the Imperial Academy and had a high education. He can skillfully absorb nutrition from the former Renshu, thus forming his own broad, gentle, energetic and broad charm. This means that a hundred studies can not be achieved.

Character works

At the end of his life, Tan Yankai devoted himself to Zhang Cao and visited the old stone inscriptions. He wanted to enrich the changes of calligraphy and try to find the expression language of his own calligraphy. Unfortunately, it was not too late. Tan died at the age of 51. Although Tan Yankai didn't reach the age of both calligraphy and calligraphy, his laws still exist, which is the trend of later scholars. Tan Zengyou's manuscripts of Chen An's poems, group an's poems, Fei Weng's poems and CI Wei's poems are all photocopies. If you can get it, you can also enjoy its books by reading its poems. With the publication of "Chinese calligraphy style series · Tan Yankai calligraphy style", it can be called a great master.

character

Chinese PinYin : Tan Yan