Chen Zhongfan

Chen Zhongfan

Chen Zhongfan (1888-july 22, 1982), formerly known as Zhong fan, is a native of Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. He is a Chinese classical writer and a scholar of red literature. Together with Hu Xiaoshi and Wang Bijiang, he is also known as the "three elders" of the Chinese Department of NTU.

He graduated from Liangjiang Normal School in 1911. He was educated by Li Ruiqing, Miao Quansun and Chen Sanli. He was a classmate with Hu Xiaoshi. After 1914, he was admitted to Beijing University to study philosophy. After graduation, he stayed in school to work. In 1919, he served as director of the Ministry of Chinese culture in Beijing Women's normal university. In 1921, he was a professor and director of the Department of Chinese culture of National Southeast University, in 1926-1928, in Jinling University, and in 1935-1949, in Jinling Women's College of Arts and Sciences. Since 1952, he has been professor of Nanjing University and director of Jiangsu Provincial Museum of literature and history. Chen Zhongfan is erudite and knowledgeable, from bibliography, classics of various schools, history of literary criticism to history of literature and drama. In his later years, he focused on the study of ancient drama history. He is the author of reading and proofreading ancient books and the history of Chinese literary criticism, among which the history of Chinese literary criticism is the first history of Chinese literary criticism. He died in Nanjing on July 22, 1982. Before his death, he presented books, paintings and antiquities he had collected for many years to Nanjing University and Nanjing Museum.

Life of the characters

Admitted to Liangjiang

Chen Zhongfan's uncle, Chen Yushu (1853-1906), was a student of Nanjing Academy. He was educated by Wang Xianqian, a famous scholar in the Qing Dynasty. Under his guidance, he completed ten volumes of Mao Shi Yi Wen Jian. Chen Yushu is a famous Xiaolian in Yancheng. He was the president of Shangzhi Academy.

Chen Zhongfan "from the age of 10 to 15, studied from his uncle, and was deeply influenced by him.". Chen Yushu is upright and incorruptible. He often exhorts himself with "not to be humiliated by one's own money, not to do anything near shame", and he also exhorts his disciples with "less allegorical recitation, Zhuang argumentation and old teaching". Chen Zhongfan benefited a lot from it. In the autumn of 1904 (the thirtieth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), Chen Yushu applied for the position of Sanjiang normal school and wrote three volumes of "education ruminants". Perhaps it was because of his uncle's deep influence and admiration for his character and knowledge,

Chen Zhongfan was admitted to Liangjiang Normal School from Huai'an middle school in 1909, although his uncle had been ill for four years. When he was in Liangjiang, Chen Zhongfan often went to Jinling Scripture carving office near yanggongjing on weekends to listen to Buddhism, so he became very interested in philosophy. After graduating from Liangjiang Normal University, he went to Hujiang university to study English.

He was admitted to the Department of philosophy of Peking University in 1913.

Support the May 4th Movement

From 1918 to 1919, Chen Zhongfan was an editor in the national history compilation office attached to Peking University, and also a science and education teacher specializing in Chinese in Beijing Women's normal university. He once joined the "Jin De Association" initiated by Cai Yuanpei; at the same time, together with Deng Zhongxia and Xu Deheng, he served as the editorial board member of the national magazine, which was sponsored by the student Salvation Association and had a strong tendency of anti imperialism and anti warlord. Because Chen Zhongfan supported the students to take part in the May 4th movement, he was dismissed by the women's normal university. Later, Mao Bangwei, the new president, introduced him as the director of the Chinese Culture Department of Beijing Women's normal university.

Wife and son

In the midsummer of 1921, Chen Zhongfan returned to Nanjing from Beijing. He was employed by the National Southeast University as professor and director of the Department of Chinese. He told the students of the Ministry of Chinese culture and literature in the female Normal University: "in the past three years, I have been busy compiling teaching materials. I seldom return to my hometown. My wife has not been able to give consideration to them. Recently, Nanjing Southeast University sent me a letter of appointment. I thought it over and over again and hesitated. Jisi, why don't you follow the ancient method of remembering your wife and sending your son and entrust you to your best friend Mr. Hu Xiaoshi. He is upright, erudite, vigorous in calligraphy, and good at poetry and rhetoric. I recommend him to the headmaster, and he has been approved. I don't know what you think? "After three years of teaching, he has deep feelings with teachers and students, but he wants to reunite with his teacher and mother, and he can only hold his head.

Soon after, Chen Zhongfan and Hu Xiaoshi came to the classroom together and said, "I've introduced Mr. Hu's character and knowledge last time. Now I'm very grateful to him for giving him the burden of ranking. You should study hard and pass on his knowledge. " Hu Xiaoshi said: "since ancient times, a disciple need not be inferior to a teacher, and a teacher need not be superior to a disciple. "I've come to Beijing to discuss with you, not to mention imparting...".

Chen Zhongfan and Hu Xiaoshi are both graduates of Liangjiang Normal School. They have a long history of friendship. In the spring of 1920, they met each other for the first time at Mr. mei'an's home in Shanghai. In November of that year, on the recommendation of Chen Zhongfan, Hu Xiaoshi left Shanghai to teach in Beijing Women's normal university. After more than 60 years, Cheng Junying, the elder's female disciple and professor of East China Normal University, clearly remembers the unforgettable scene of Chen Zhongfan and Hu Xiaoshi "remembering his wife and sending his son" when they were studying in Beijing Women's normal university.

Northwest lecture

From August 1921 to November 1924, Chen Zhongfan was a professor and director of the Department of Chinese at National Southeast University.

In July 1924, national Northwest University and Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education jointly set up a summer school, and invited famous domestic professors to give lectures. There are 14 famous professors, including Lu Xun and Xia yuan. Three professors from National Southeast University were invited to give lectures: Chen Zhongfan (Department of Chinese), Wu Mi (Department of Western Literature) and Liu Jingbo (Department of Politics).

The topics of Chen Zhongfan's lectures are: (1) Chinese teaching method in middle school; (2) the order of the evolution of Chinese literature; (3) the way to read ancient books. The journey to the northwest "takes nine days to go back and forth for forty days.". After giving lectures, Chen Zhongfan and others visited scenic spots, which was an eye opener. In his later article, a journey to Shaanxi Province, he said: "all you can find are the wonders of Taihua at the end of the south, the wide rivers and rivers, and the precipitous Tongguan pass in Hangu. Those you once longed for will come to visit you and enjoy your life." What makes Chen Zhongfan unforgettable is that he once walked with Mr. Lu Xun and had the opportunity to listen to Mr. Lu Xun's "make a mountain out of a molehill" and laugh at the "sound of flies".

Chen Zhongfan, together with Liu Jingbo, a professor of political science, took the train of Jinpu Road northbound to Xuzhou, took Longhai Road instead, and went to business in Qiu and Kaifeng to Zhengzhou. It happened that Lu Xun, Xia yuan, Wang Tongling and others went south from Beijing, so they went west together. The next morning the flies were buzzing and disturbing. Mr. Lu Xun said: "the song of" Qi Feng "in Mao's poem:" bandit chickens sing, and the sound of flies "has been proved in today's Dynasty." When he was in Luoyang, Xia yuan, a former head of science at Peking University, paid a special visit to Wu Peifu, a warlord. Wu asked Xia, "what course do you teach at Peking University?" Xia answered, "I'm in charge of electron research in new physics." Wu pointed to the Eight Diagrams hanging on the wall and asked, "there are also the changes of yin and Yang. Can you explain them for me?" Xia replied, "this old physics is not the same as the new physics." Wu Peifu said: "the old has the old mystery, the new has the new truth." When Xia yuan came back from his visit, he talked about it with all the professors. Everyone laughed. Lu Xun joked: "this is also the sound of flies." When asked what course Liu Jingbo taught, Liu replied, "to study international issues, especially" grand nationalism. " Lu Xun said, "it means imperialism. It disturbs the world a hundred times more than flies." Some people recall that during the May 4th movement, Mr. Cai Jiemin (Yuanpei) delivered a speech in Tiananmen Square, stressing that "only floods can eliminate beasts.". Then someone exclaimed and asked, "should these trifles be eliminated at the same time?" Mr. Lu Xun replied, "although it's a big deal, new China will have a new environment in the future. Of course, all the pests will be wiped out." Mr. Lu Xun dislike flies, and he has denounced those buzz bugs in the essays * "soldiers and flies" and "summer three worms". During his trip to the northwest, Chen Zhongfan was deeply impressed by Lu Xun's three criticisms of "the sound of flies". More than 50 years later, he recalled the past in the fragment of Lu Xun's visit to Northwest University.

Mourning

Chen Zhongfan has been serving Hu Xiaoshi as a senior, going north and south to work together. In the autumn of 1920, Chen Zhongfan asked Hu Xiaoshi to go north together to teach in women's normal university. In the summer of 1921, shortly after he went south to the National Southeast University to preside over the Department of Chinese culture, he recommended Hu xiaoshinan to come. "He had the approval of the authorities, but he was hindered by those who were not allowed to do so in the middle of the journey, and failed to achieve his wish." In September 1924, Jinling University reorganized the Department of Chinese. Hu Xiaoshi became a professor and head of the Department. He worked with Chen Zhongfan, who had been working part-time in Jinling University at that time. In less than a semester, Chen Zhongfan rushed south to teach at Sun Yat sen University in Guangzhou. When they returned to JINDA in the spring of 1926, they had a chance to work together and appreciate the wonderful things. In 1927, because of maintaining or changing the old system of Jinling University, they disagreed. Chen Zhongfan then went to Jinan University to teach in the spring of 1928, "since then, he has been isolated for more than 20 years.".

In 1952, when the Department was adjusted, Chen Zhongfan, who was a teacher at JINDA, went to the Chinese Department of Nanjing University. He was also called "three senior" of the Chinese department with Hu Xiaoshi and Wang Bijiang. Chen Zhongfan and Hu Xiaoshi worked together to "help each other and improve teaching." When Hu Xiaoshi died in 1962, Chen Zhongfan was deeply shocked, "as for the pity, he was at a loss.". He recalled their relationship of learning and working together for more than 50 years, as well as their ups and downs of separation and reunion. He was full of imagination and feelings. He wrote the article "mourning for Hu Xiaoshi", and "I would like to express my heartfelt mourning with a couplet of Elegy":

Three years of study together, ten years of work together, shame season Zha congenial, vast flowing mountains, how many friends?

Four volumes of manuscripts, five volumes of eyes, sighs, respects, the harp is all gone, melancholy, cool breeze, where to summon the soul at the end of the day?

Chen Zhongfan and Hu Xiaoshi are both students of Liangjiang Normal School, and have worked together with Dongda, Zhongda, JINDA and Nanjing University for many years. They are in the same tune with each other. Although they have been estranged, they can finally meet frankly. Chen Zhongfan uses "Ji Zha" and "Zi Jing" to describe each other. His meaning is real and his feelings are understandable

Chinese PinYin : Chen Zhong Fan