You Ren mi

You Ren mi

Mi Youren (1074-1153), who was born in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, settled in Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province). Song Dynasty painter, the eldest son of the Northern Song Dynasty painter Mi Fu, known as "millet".

Personal profile

Mi Youren's calligraphy and painting are all inherited from his family, so he and his father Mi Fu are called "big and small rice". Highly appreciated by Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty, he inherited and developed Mi Fu's landscape techniques, and established a special way of expression of "Mi's cloud mountain", which is known for its misty rain and changeable ethereal landscape after rain. In his early years, he was famous for his calligraphy and painting. In 1122, he was selected to be the master of calligraphy. He was given preferential treatment by Emperor Gaozong in Nandu. He was an official of the Ministry of war and a Bachelor of Fuwen Pavilion. Zhao Gou, Emperor Gaozong, once ordered him to identify the calligraphy. However, the identification of calligraphy and painting "often have a temporary attachment to cater to the idea.". Although it does not catch his father, it has its own style. He and his father Mi Fu are both collectors and connoisseurs. His landscape painting broke away from the ancients' stereotype and developed Mi Fu's techniques. The horizontal dots of ink and wash are connected into a piece. Although they are made of grass, they are innocent. Each painting is called "ink opera". It uses "luoqie Cun" (i.e. "Mi Dian Cun") and rendering to express the natural feelings of mountains and rivers. It is known as "Mi Jia landscape" and has a great influence on later "literati painting". After he became an official, he was very secretive. Although his relatives and friends had no chance to get the painting, many people mocked and said, "if you make a rootless tree, you can describe Meng Hongyun; now you are a royal servant, but you are not willing to work with idle people."

My father Mi Fu

When it comes to mi you Ren, we must first mention his father Mi Fu. Mi Youren's landscape painting breaks away from the ancients' stereotype and develops Mi Fu's techniques. The horizontal dots of ink and wash are connected into a piece. Although they are made of grass, they are innocent. Each painting is called "ink opera". It uses "luoqie Cun" (i.e. "Mi Dian Cun") and rendering to express the natural feelings of mountains and rivers. It is known as "Mi Jia landscape" and has a great influence on later "literati painting". After he became an official, he was very secretive. Although his relatives and friends had no chance to get the painting, many people mocked and said, "if you make a rootless tree, you can describe Meng Hongyun; now you are a royal servant, but you are not willing to work with idle people." Mi Youren's paintings are the direct reflection of the soul to the nature. He is not limited to the natural image of a time and a place, or a plant and a tree, but the whole picture of nature's vivid mountains and plants are put on paper, the clouds are obscure, which is enough to represent our mind's endless inspiration and charm. Mi Youren once talked about his way of creation: "the old state of painting, in the sea of the world, a matter of hair without dye, every quiet room monk, forget ten thousand worries, and bixu liaokuo with its flow!"

Mi Fu (1051-1107), with the character Yuanzhang, is also called lumen Jushi, also known as Haiyue waishi and Xiangyang Manshi. Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, later moved to Xiangyang, Hubei Province. He became an official by virtue of his mother's service to Queen xuanren. He was once a member of the Ministry of rites, wailang. He knew Huaiyang army, also known as Minan palace. He is a rare artistic genius. Although Mi Fu is a member of this group of people in the general art atmosphere of showing strong innovation and spirit, in the aspect of calligraphy, he tries to bring himself under the restriction of classical tradition. On the one hand, he competes with the calligraphy style of Su, Huang and other people, on the other hand, he also competes with the ancient calligraphers. On the other hand, his paintings are regarded as unprecedented in ancient times A new way of drawing. This new method of painting constitutes the style of miyouren's painting. Now, none of Mi Fu's paintings have been handed down, so we can only see his style from MI Youren's painting style.

In the aspect of painting, Mi Fu created "Mi Dian landscape" by combining Wang Qia's ink splashing with Dong Yuan's luoqie Dian. Later generations like his originality and independence. In his creation, sometimes he does not just use a brush, but anything that can express his feelings. His art is the product of pen and ink game. However, there is hardly any credible painting works handed down by Mi Fu - the only credible one is that there is a pen holder he painted casually on one of his calligraphy works, coral calligraphy. Although it is impossible to analyze his painting art more accurately, this style has been inherited and carried forward by Mi Youren: in the history of Chinese painting, the impression is that the cloud mountain is full of volumes, all of which are made of ink, with a little emphasis on ink, a scene of misty scenery, the trees are rusty, and the clouds are thin with light ink. Between the hidden and the obvious, they are extremely wonderful and abnormal. Moreover, MI made great contributions to the history of Chinese painting criticism. He was the first to advocate "plain realm", and he was also the first to enhance Dong Yuan's position in the history of literati painting: "Dong Yuan is plain and naive, and there is no such thing in Tang Dynasty, so he is the first one in Bi Hong. It's a masterpiece of modern times. It's extremely high. "The history of painting" is a book about the history of painting. Gao Kegong, Fang Congyi, Ni Zan, Dong Qichang and others all absorbed Mi Fu's creation in the schema, and called it "Mi Jia Shan Shui" -- in the history of Chinese painting, there are few people who can establish a school like this. However, the paintings of Mi Fu that later generations see can only be inferred from those of MI Youren. Therefore, no matter what kind of beautiful words and phrases they use to praise Mi Fu, they are just like singing praises to MI Youren there.

Character evaluation

Mi Youren (1086-1165), whose character is Yuanhui, is the eldest son of Mi Fu. Father and son are called big and small rice. He was also a precocious genius. At the age of 19, his father dedicated his painting "the clear dawn of Chu mountain" to song Huizong, who rewarded him. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he was an official Minister of the Ministry of industry and a Bachelor of Fu Wen Ge. He was favored by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty and was often asked to identify calligraphy and painting. Now, his postscript can be seen in many ancient paintings and calligraphy. When we talk about mi you Ren's calligraphy, we have to mention Mi Fu's calligraphy. Mi Fu first studied the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty. When he found that the more he learned, the more he lost his charm, he began to trace the calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty. Until he found that the calligraphy of Tang people was not as naive and natural as that of Jin people, he began to take Jin people's calligraphy as a model. But on the whole, he is based on the two Wangs - especially Wang Xianzhi - now we can see many of Wang Xianzhi's works, probably from Mi Fu's hands. His calligraphy achievement is very high, and he is known as the "four schools of song" together with CAI Xiang, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian. However, among the four, people prefer his calligraphy, because he is more like a pure calligrapher. His brush and ink skills are unmatched, and still are. In this way, in terms of calligraphy, MI Youren almost followed his father's lead, but his handwriting was not as refined as his father's. Among the calligraphies, Mi Fu is most confident in his use of the pen and his style. His pen is restrained and twisted in the skill of free and easy grasp, while his style contains the charm of fluency and freedom. Sometimes the structure of calligraphy disappears in the ups and downs of the lines due to the joyful pen dancing. This subtle way of handling, after him, almost no one can do. His unique calligraphy art is inspired by the old style and new ideas, so that all these have been perfected in his later years and become a towering peak in the history of Chinese calligraphy! Once, in his creation, he even ignored Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi. But mi you Ren can't. He doesn't even have a person named Wu Ju who writes more like Mi Fu or Wang Ting Yun in the northern kingdom. However, in the Southern Song Dynasty, MI Youren's calligraphy can not be ignored. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he had a unique style of writing. It is worth mentioning that he was the first to use the yanghao pen successfully! The use of yanghao in calligraphy increases the flexibility of the stroke in lifting time, and makes the changes of lines more delicate and expressive. This cannot but be specially pointed out. However, he still doesn't admit that his calligraphy is much better than others.

Although Mi Fu's paintings did not stay, his paintings have a position and achievements that can not be ignored in the history of Chinese painting. If we erase his name and the painting method he created in the history of Chinese landscape painting, people will not understand why Chinese painting has shifted from the emphasis on realism in the Northern Song Dynasty to the expression of personal emotions since the 12th century. There are several verses in Wu Yuanhui's collection of calligraphy of the 18th Yuan Dynasty. The book of Yi Zhuang is covered with books, and the painting is simplified instead of secret. However, if you let go and get Yan, and if you are simple but don't lose your job, then you are also good at it. " It's true that calligraphy is open-minded when it comes to Mi Fu's hands, and painting is really simple when it comes to Mi Fu's hands - all of which are reflected in MI Youren's works. There are not many objects in his paintings, but only clouds and smoke. However, his superb calligraphy and ink skills give him another kind of strength, which does not hinder his personal interest at all. He used whatever he had at hand, such as lotus seeds. In other words, he created a school of "self entertainment" in the history of Chinese painting. Mi Youren often wrote the word "Moxi" on his paintings, which is the continuation of this tradition.

The first is to praise their innovation. For example, Dong Qichang's Rong Tai BIE Ji compares the creation of Mi's father and son to the contribution of Du Fu, a great poet, and Yan Zhenqing, a great calligrapher The other is to praise their wonderful creation, which is like the vitality of nature. As Qian Wen's poem entitled "the painting of Xiaoxiang white clouds" by Mi Youren said: "the painting of rain mountain and clear mountain has the shape of change, but the desire for rain and rain is the same

Chinese PinYin : Mi You Ren