Fang xianjue

Fang xianjue

Fang xianjue (1905-1983), Zi Shan, was born in Xiaoxian County, Xuzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province (now Xiaoxian County, Anhui Province). Anti Japanese patriotic general, second rank General of the national revolutionary army.

Fang xianjue studied in Xuzhou Middle School of Jiangsu Province after graduating from Xiaoxian No.4 primary school. After that, he enrolled in Nanjing No.1 technical school and was admitted to the Department of electrical engineering, School of technology, National Central University. After that, he transferred to military school and studied in the third infantry division of Huangpu Military Academy, the second higher education class of Huangpu Military Academy and the fourth class of grade B General of Army University. After that, he took part in the northern expedition, Central Plains, Taierzhuang, Changsha, Hengyang defense and other military operations. In the 33rd year of the Republic of China (may 1944), he commanded the tenth army of the National Revolutionary Army in the Hengyang defense war. Facing the siege of six times as many Japanese troops as himself, he insisted on defending for 47 days.

At the end of 1949, he left the mainland for Taiwan. In his later years, he wrote Zishan Xingshu and memories of Hengyang's war. He died of illness in Taipei on March 3, 1983.

Life of the characters

Early experience

In the 31th year of Guangxu (November 221905), Fang xianjue was born into a gentry family in Fangjiazhai, Lanlan District, Xiaoxian County, Xuzhou Prefecture, Jiangsu Province in the Qing Dynasty. His father's name was Bao. He was a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. His mother, Kang family, had five brothers. Fang xianjue ranked third. He received a good family education, was enlightened by private school, and was influenced by Confucianism.

In the sixth year of the Republic of China (September 1917), he was admitted to the fourth primary school in Xiaoxian county. Three years later, he was admitted to Xuzhou middle school and was determined to become a lawyer.

In the 13th year of the Republic of China (September 1924), Fang xianjue came into contact with the three people's principles after he was admitted to the law department of Shanghai law and Political University, and gradually sprouted revolutionary ideas. At that time, Wang Zhonglian, a graduate of Huangpu Military Academy, went to Shanghai to recruit students secretly. Fang first felt the news, and then decided to join the army.

In the fourteenth year of the Republic of China (January 1925), Fang xianjue passed the examination and became a member of the first battalion of the third military cadet corps. Wang MaoGong, the commander of the first battalion, and Zhang Zhizhong, the commander of the first battalion, are Chen heirs who will become Fang xianjue's senior officer in the future. After half a year's military training, Fang xianjue was promoted to a full-time military academy student and enrolled in the second Infantry Brigade (Chen Fu), the fifth Infantry Brigade (Li Qiang). It is worth mentioning that among the students in the same team, Chinese xianjue was first promoted to the rank of commander of the army, and the rest of the officers and generals were Chen Xiping, sun Qiren, Xia Jiping, Gao Zhisong, Zhang Tingyu, etc. In November, he served as the second lieutenant trainee officer of the reconnaissance team of the 9th regiment of the 3rd Division.

Northern expedition period

In the 15th year of the Republic of China (August 1926), Fang first felt the recommendation of Wei Lihuang, the commander of the regiment, and was transferred to the third company of the first military gendarmerie as the captain of the company. Three months later, Captain Lu was transferred to be the commander of the 20th battalion.

In the 16th year of the Republic of China (may 1927), the supplementary regiment of the 20th division was renamed the first regiment of the New 1st division, and the 9th company was subsequently changed to the 9th company of the 3rd Battalion of the 1st regiment of the division. Fang was still the company commander. On September 26, Fang xianjue was promoted to commander of the 3rd Battalion. During the campaign of sanheba in Nanchang Uprising, Fang xianjue launched a fierce attack on sanheba held by the uprising army with the 32nd army headquarters. On October 1, the New 1st division and 20th division cooperated with each other and began to cross the Hanjiang River, but several strong attacks were repulsed by the rebel army. On the 3rd, Fang xianjue's 1st regiment successfully crossed the Hanjiang River under the cover of thick fog, then covered the succeeding troops to cross the river, launched a fierce attack on bizhishan, the main position occupied by the rebel army, and occupied sanheba in the evening.

In the 17th year of the Republic of China (February 1928), the New 1st Division was renamed the 69th division, and Fang xianjue's army was renamed the 3rd Battalion of the 205th regiment. In April of the same year, Fang moved to Shanghai with the army, still carrying out the task of local public security. In August of the same year, the 69th division was reduced to the 8th brigade of the 3rd Division. Fang was changed to the commander of the 1st Battalion of the 15th regiment and moved to Suzhou with the army.

Jiang GUI war

In the 18th year of the Republic of China (November 1929), when the Guangdong Guangxi war broke out, Fang xianjue went with his troops to Sanshui, Guangdong, to cooperate with the friendly forces to resist the invasion of the GUI army, and successfully completed the combat mission.

In the 19th year of the Republic of China (February 1930), he was appointed by Wei Lihuang as the commander of the 1st Battalion of the 269th regiment of the 134th brigade. After the outbreak of the Central Plains war, Fang once moved to Germany in June to take over the defense of the friendly forces. When the war ended in October, the 45th division returned to Bengbu.

Counter-Japanese War

In the 20th year of the Republic of China (June 28, 1931), the 45th division was renamed the 10th division, and Fang xianjue's army was renamed the 1st Battalion of the 59th regiment of the 30th brigade. At this time, the CMC planned to train the 10th division according to the German style education method of military academy instructors, and then transferred Bai zhaocong, the deputy division commander of the 1st division, to the 10th division as the deputy division commander. When Bai arrived, he immediately started a cadre training class. He planned to start with officers and gradually train officers and soldiers of the 10th division. Fang xianjue took part in the cadre training class and accepted the new German drill, which has a direct impact on his ability to train the 10th division and even the 10th army into a strong fighting force in the future. In October, the independent brigade of the 10th division was expanded to the 83rd division, and Fang xianjue was promoted to deputy commander of the supplementary regiment of the 83rd division.

In the 21st year of the Republic of China (January 1932), after the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war in Songhu, the 83rd division was urgently transferred to Xiapu, Zhejiang Province, in case the Japanese army went south. In June, the 83rd division was ordered to gather in Huayuan and Xiaogan, Hubei Province, and put into the fourth encirclement and suppression of the Red Army's Hubei Henan Anhui base in August of the same year. Fang xianjue's supplementary regiment was used as a reserve team in this attack. It once cooperated with the 10th division of friendly forces to capture Huang'an, Jinjiazhai and other places. In September, Fang joined the army in pursuing and withdrawing the Red Army from Hubei, Henan, Anhui and Soviet areas. On October 20, Fang xianjue went with his ministry to suixian County for rest.

When the Japanese invaded Rehe in March 1933, Fang xianjue went north with the 83rd division to fight. On the evening of April 25, the 83rd division took over the central position of Nantianmen. Since the Japanese launched a fierce attack on the 26th, Fang xianjue fought a bloody battle in his position and insisted on it. He left the front line on the 28th due to serious injury and was sent to Beiping hospital for treatment. After recovering from his injury, Fang xianjue went south with the 83rd division to attack the 19th Route Army of the independent government in Fujian in December. In the first battle of Xianyou, Fang took the lead in breaking through the defense line of Zhang Junsong, and was praised by Liu Kan. After the Fujian incident subsided, Fang was stationed in Taining, Fujian with his minister.

In the 24th year of the Republic of China (June 17, 1935), Fang xianjue was appointed Army Infantry major. In October, he joined the fourth higher education class of the Central Military Academy.

In twenty-five years (August 1936), after graduation, he was transferred to the third division (teacher Li Yutang). Due to the fact that Fang's performance in German style training for the supplementary regiment ranked first in the whole division, Li gradually valued it. On October 2, Fang xianjuejin was appointed army infantry lieutenant colonel.

In the 26th year of the Republic of China (July 1937), the Anti Japanese war broke out in an all-round way, and the third division was transferred to Shanghai to participate in the war. Fang xianjue's supplementary regiment arrived in Shanghai in mid October and was ordered to cooperate with the 36th division of the friendly forces to take charge of the defense of the South Bank of the Suzhou River. On November 5, it started to build fortifications on the line between Hongqiao Airport and Qibao town, and was also ordered to collect the defeated soldiers who had retreated from the front line. On November 9, the regiment left the battlefield with the troops, set off to the north of Suzhou to gather, and transferred to Hankou to rest.

In the 27th year of the Republic of China (January 1938), Fang xianjue was transferred to head of the 16th regiment of the 9th Brigade (brigade commander Hu Yunshan). In May, the Fang regiment was transferred to the 5th theater with the Ministry to block the Japanese army in the east of Pixian and the southwest of Tancheng. Later, it was transferred to the west of Xuzhou to cover the retreat of the main forces in the theater. On June 8, the CMC formed the 8th Army on the basis of the 3rd Division. Division commander Li Yutang was promoted to commander of the 8th Army, and Fang xianjue was also promoted to deputy commander of the 9th Brigade (brigade commander Hu Yunshan) of the 3rd Division (division commander Zhao Xitian). At that time, the 9th brigade was responsible for Jiujiang defense. On July 24, Fang xianjue's company took charge of the garrison task of the yaqueshan position to cover the flank of the 27th friendly Legion. On the 25th, Japanese troops launched a fierce attack on the position of the 9th brigade. Fang was wounded in three places in a row when commanding the battle at the front line, and was sent to the field hospital for treatment. In October, Fang xianjue returned to the team after his injury. During the transfer of the 10th preparatory division, he was promoted to Deputy major general of the 10th preparatory division. After Fang xianjue took office, he gave full play to his training expertise again. In view of the poor quality of officers and the weak combat effectiveness of the army, he reorganized the army by a large margin with the support of Jiang Chaoxiong. First of all, he replaced the officers at the company level and above in the army with military graduates with regular military education and wounded and recovered sergeants with combat experience. Then he practiced the troops in German style, stepped up training, and tightened military discipline, which greatly changed the whole division. At the same time, he also suggested that the division should set up a military band to enrich the spare time life of officers and soldiers.

After the fall of Nanchang in March 1939, the pre-10 division stationed on the East Bank of Fuhe River was ordered to help the friendly forces to counter attack Nanchang. On April 21, deputy division long xianjue and his 28th Regiment (commander Ge Xiancai) launched an attack to the east of Ganjiang River and occupied Xiliang mountain on April 24 to complete the combat task. Four days later, Fang moved his defense to the friendly army and then withdrew his original defense. In December of the same year, the 10th division took part in the winter offensive and launched a fierce battle with the Japanese army in chenjiadashan between Qingyang and Guichi. At that time, division commander Jiang Chaoxiong decided to divide the troops into two routes to seize the top of the mountain. The left route was under the command of Jiang himself, and the right route was under the command of the party. At night on December 16, the pre-10 division carried out the attack according to the original plan, and Fang xianjue's right army successfully captured the enemy

Chinese PinYin : Fang Xian Jiao