Yu hanmou

Yu hanmou

Yu hanmou (September 22, 1896 - December 27, 1981) was born in the main street of Ximen, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province. He was a senior general of the Chinese Kuomintang and was once commander in chief of the army.

He graduated from the fifth phase of Huangpu Army primary school, the second preparatory school and the sixth infantry division of Baoding Army Academy. In 1916, he joined the Chinese revolutionary party. In the eighth year of the Republic of China, he joined the first division of the Beiyang army as platoon commander, and the third division of the Guangdong army as company commander and battalion commander. In the 13th year of the Republic of China, he was appointed deputy commander of Guangdong military police headquarters. In the 16th year of the Republic of China, he was appointed deputy commander, division commander and deputy commander of the 11th division of the Fourth Army. He was the commander of the first army of the first group army in the 19th year of the Republic of China. The next year, he accepted Chiang Kai Shek's order to lead his troops into Jiangxi Province to take part in the encirclement and suppression of the workers' and peasants' Red Army. In the 21st year of the Republic of China, he served as the commander of the sixth appeasement area of Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and Guangdong. In the 25th year of the Republic of China, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant general of the army in February, member of the Council of the Central Military Academy in August, and commander in chief of the fourth Route Army and director of the Guangdong appeasement office in September. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as deputy commander of the fourth theater, commander in chief of the twelfth group army, and commander in chief of the seventh theater. He was elected member of the fourth, fifth and Sixth Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang. In the 35th year of the Republic of China, he served as the director of Quzhou appeasement office and was awarded the second rank General of the army. In May of the 37th year of the Republic of China, he served as commander in chief of the army. At the beginning of the Republic of China, he was director of Guangzhou appeasement office, chief military officer of South China, and deputy chief executive of Hainan Special Administrative Region. In May 1950, he led the remnant to Taiwan, where he served as a strategic adviser to the "presidential palace" and a member of the "Central Committee". In September 1965, he was awarded the first rank General of the army. He died in Taipei in December 1981.

Life of the characters

Early experience

On September 22, 1896, Yu hanmou was born into a salt merchant family in Gaoyao, Zhaoqing. With the aid of his sister, Yu hanmou graduated from primary school. After graduating from primary school, Yu hanmou was admitted to Huangpu Army primary school in Guangzhou until he graduated from Baoding Army Academy.

give up civilian pursuits to join the army

In 1916, he joined the Chinese revolutionary party.

In the autumn of 1919, after graduating from Baoding military academy, Yu hanmou was assigned to Anhui army as second lieutenant platoon leader. From then on, he entered the military circle and began his decades long military career.

In 1920, Yu returned to Guangdong and served as company commander of the third division of Guangdong army. Under the command of his superior, he led his troops to take part in the campaign against Lu Rongyan. After calming down Guangdong and Guangxi, Yu hanmou was promoted to major battalion commander.

On June 16, 1922, Yu hanmou's Guangdong army, under the command of commander-in-chief Chen Jiongming, launched a military coup against Sun Yat Sen's revolutionary government. Since Yu hanmou was only an officer at the middle and lower levels at that time, it was not important whether he took part in the coup, because he had no motive to take the initiative. In January 1923, Chen Jiongming was defeated and left Guangzhou. In July, Yu hanmou was promoted to chief of staff of the second brigade of the first division of Guangdong army. It should be said that Yu hanmou was loyal to Sun Yat Sen.

In August 1925, the Guangzhou National Government under the leadership of the Chinese Kuomintang decided to reorganize all the armies in Guangdong into the National Revolutionary Army, under the unified command of the national government. In this January, Yu hanmou was appointed as the captain of the National Revolutionary Army by the national government, and then embarked on the road of the national revolution.

In 1927 (16 years of the Republic of China), he served as the deputy commander, division commander and deputy commander of the 11th division of the Fourth Army.

Encircle and suppress the Red Army

In 1930, he served as commander of the first army of the first group army. The next year, he accepted Chiang Kai Shek's order to lead his troops into Jiangxi Province to take part in the encirclement and suppression of the workers' and peasants' Red Army.

In 1932 (21 years of the Republic of China), he served as the commander of the sixth appeasement area of Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and Guangdong.

In February 1936 (the 25th year of the Republic of China), he was granted the rank of lieutenant general of the army, member of the Council of the Central Military Academy in August, and commander in chief of the fourth Route Army and director of the Guangdong appeasement office in September.

Counter-Japanese War

In June 1937, Japanese aggressors invaded Nan'ao Island of Guangdong Province from the sea. At that time, Yu hanmou was the highest military officer in Guangdong Province. Due to subjective and objective reasons, Nan'ao Island was finally lost, which was the first territory Yu hanmou lost in the Anti Japanese war. On October 12 of the same year, the Japanese army, with a force of 70000 troops, 500 warships and 100 fighter planes, forcibly landed in Daya Bay and attacked Guangzhou. At that time, Guangdong was the only remaining port to the sea in the country, and the rest were reduced to enemy occupied areas. Therefore, Guangdong is particularly important in the overall situation of the national anti Japanese war. According to historical records, there were more than 130000 Kuomintang troops stationed in Guangdong at that time. With local armed forces, there were more than 500000 guns. It should be said that our side has a great advantage in the number of troops. However, before the war, Yu hanmou agreed to transfer nearly 50000 troops to the north to participate in the defense war in Wuhan, which seriously weakened Guangdong's defense forces. Moreover, Yu hanmou, governor of Guangdong Province Wu Tiecheng and mayor of Guangzhou Zeng Yangfu led the party, government and military organs of Guangdong Province to withdraw from Guangzhou, which eventually led to the fall of Guangzhou and other places into the hands of the Japanese aggressors for many reasons. As for whether Yu hanmou and others were irresponsible, a ballad circulated in Guangzhou at that time sang like this: "Yu Han had no plan, Wu tie had lost the city and had no record of raising.".

After Yu hanmou led the party, government and army organizations in Guangdong to retreat to Lianxian County, he set up a defense line from Yingde to Heyuan and began to resist actively. The two battles in northern Guangdong at the end of 1939 and in the summer of 1940 were Yu hanmou's masterpieces during the Anti Japanese war. In December 1939, in order to cooperate with the offensive against southern Guangxi, the Japanese army invaded northern Guangdong from Guangzhou with nearly 70000 troops, attempting to annihilate Yu hanmou's 12th group army stationed there at one stroke. At that time, Yu hanmou had 120000 troops. Although his weapons were not as good as those of the Japanese army, relying on the mountains and mountains in northern Guangdong and the humiliation brought by the loss of Guangzhou, Yu hanmou and his soldiers were determined to avenge their humiliation in this battle. In the first few days of the battle, the two sides were in a state of stalemate and fought extremely hard. A few days later, Yu hanmou heard that a Japanese army was ordered to support the battle in southern Guangxi and withdraw from the battlefield in northern Guangdong. Yu hanmou made a quick decision, so he led his troops to launch a full-scale counter offensive on December 26. In January of the next year, he finally drove the Japanese troops back to their pre war positions, completely smashed the first strategic attempt of the Japanese invaders to invade northern Guangdong, and won the first great victory of the army and the people of Guangdong since the Anti Japanese war.

However, the Japanese aggressors did not give up. In May, they sent another 40000 elite troops to make a comeback and attack the northern Guangdong defense line for the second time. This time, Yu hanmou concentrated his superior forces, lured the enemy into the mountains, and then divided up the Japanese army to encircle and annihilate them, fighting fiercely. The Japanese army retreated completely, and the second battle in northern Guangdong ended with the victory of Yu hanmou's twelve groups.

The two victories in northern Guangdong defeated the Japanese strategy of using Guangdong to cut off the railway between Guangdong and Han, threatening the rear of Hunan and Guangxi, and finally forcing the southern provinces to surrender. They also supported the battle in southern Guangxi and inspired the people of the army and the people of Guangdong and Guangxi.

War of Liberation

After the outbreak of the war of liberation, he served as deputy commander of the fourth theater, commander in chief of the twelfth group army, and commander in chief of the seventh theater. He was elected member of the fourth, fifth and Sixth Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang.

In 1946 (35 years of the Republic of China), he was the director of Quzhou appeasement office and was awarded the second rank General of the army.

In May 1948, Yu hanmou was appointed commander in chief of the Kuomintang army.

In 1949, he served as director of the South China military administration.

In early October, the PLA broke down Yu hanmou's three-tier defense line and captured Guangzhou. The whole territory of Guangdong was liberated except Hainan Island. Yu hanmou had to lead the remnant to Hainan and was demoted to the post of deputy chief executive of Hainan Special Administrative Region.

Life in old age

In May 1950, he led the remnant to Taiwan, where he served as a strategic adviser to the "presidential palace" and a member of the "Central Committee".

He died in Taipei in December 1981.

member of family

Father Yu Qipeng

Fourth sister Yu Shuxian

Personal contribution

During the Anti Japanese War, in Yu hanmou's troops, who successively served as commander in chief of the fourth Route Army, deputy commander in chief of the fourth theater, commander in chief of the twelfth group army and commander in chief of the seventh theater, many CPC members worked in them, and they made many important contributions to the Anti Japanese war. When we talk about the history of the Anti Japanese war in South China, we should not forget this page. During the Anti Japanese War, General Yu hanmou successively served as commander in chief of the fourth Route Army, deputy commander of the fourth theater, commander in chief of the twelfth group army, and commander in chief of the seventh theater. The reason why the Communists joined Yu hanmou's army was that Yu hanmou and others actively introduced and absorbed them.

People's Memorial

Yu hanmou's former residence is located in shuita street, Zhengxi Road, Zhaoqing City. It is a famous building in Zhaoqing City. It was built in 1930's. after liberation, it was nationalized and used as a school and Public Security Bureau. Now it is the site of Zhaoqing library. Yu hanmou's former residence is inlaid with the word "Xi Lu" on the lintel. Because the roof of this building is green, Zhaoqing people also call it "tile pit", so in Zhaoqing people usually call it "green tile pit". Speaking of "green tile pit", everyone knows it is Yu hanmou's former residence.

Chinese PinYin : Yu Han Mou