King Xuan of Qi

King Xuan of Qi

King Xuan of Qi

(about 350-301 BC), surnamed GUI, surnamed Tian

To create a strong country

In the Warring States period, the king of Qi and the son of King Wei of Qi. In 314 B.C., the king of Yan gave the throne to the prime minister Zizhi. Prince Ping was forced to fight back and was killed instead. Taking advantage of the chaos, King Xuan of Qi sent Kuang Zhang to lead the army to conquer the state of Yan. King Kuai of Yan was killed and Zizhi fled. Later, he was caught by the people of Qi and made into meat sauce.

In 312 BC, King Xuan of Qi killed the queen and later married Zhong Lichun. It is said that Zhong Lichun is an ugly woman. Later, King Xuan of Qi asked Mencius for advice on how to dominate the world. Mencius took advantage of the situation and lobbied King Xuan of Qi to abandon his hegemony. However, King Xuan of Qi did not listen. On the contrary, his military discipline was corrupted and his people's wealth was plundered, which led to the rebellion of Yan people“ I am very ashamed of Mencius. "

King Xuan of Qi loved to listen to Yu playing, and asked 300 people to play together. Mr. Nanguo couldn't play Yu, so he mixed into the Yu band until the death of King Xuan of Qi, but he was not exposed. After the establishment of King min of Qi, he liked to play alone, so he fled quickly. This is the origin of the idiom "make up the number by making up the number".

Life of the characters

In the 36th year of king Qi Wei (320 BC), king Qi Wei died and Tian biqiang ascended the throne as king Xuan of Qi.

In the sixth year of Emperor Xuan of Qi Dynasty (314 BC), Qi attacked Yan and almost destroyed the state of Yan.

In the 19th year of King Xuan of Qi (301 BC), King Xuan of Qi died and his son Tian Di ascended the throne as king min of Qi.

Political initiatives

military

In 314 BC, civil strife broke out in the state of Yan, and King Xuan of Qi took the opportunity to send troops to intervene. It took only 50 days to capture Ji (now Beijing), the capital of the state of Yan, and almost destroyed the state of Yan. But it also foreshadowed the decline of Qi. Thirty years later, under the command of Yue Yi, King Yanzhao took command of the state of Yan and the Allied forces of Zhao, Qin, Han and Wei to attack the state of Qi, leaving only Jimo and Ju, two isolated cities in the state of Qi. Although he finally relied on Tian Dan to defeat the enemy and restore the state, the state of Qi declined from then on.

Culture

When King Xuan of Qi saw that the western state of Qin was attracting talented people to govern by others, and the situation became more and more powerful, he began to develop cultural undertakings. The scholars who loved literature lobbying of King Xuan of Qi did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to attract scholars and scholars from all over the world to the "Jixia Academy" of Qi state. After hearing the news, there were 76 people, such as Fuyan, chunyukun, tianpian, Jieyu, Shendao and Huanyuan, who were all given to the government. The officials worshipped the doctors and let them talk freely. The number of Jixia scholars gradually increased in the state of Qi, nearly hundreds and thousands of people, which made Jixia Academy enter its heyday.

Among them are Er Shuo, Gao Zi, song Chuan, Yin Wen, Peng Meng, Ji Zhen, etc.; Meng Ke, a Confucian master, has lived in Jixia for more than 30 years; Xun Qing, a great master of a hundred schools, came to the state of Qi at the age of 15. He is the oldest tutor in Jixia Academy. He once served as the highest leader of Jixia Academy for three times.

Jixia Academy gathered scholars from Confucianism, Mohism, Taoism, Legalism, militarism, Xingjia, Yinyang, Nongjia and zajia schools to write books and carry out academic research, forming an unprecedented contention of a hundred schools of thought and creating China's splendid "pre Qin culture".

Character evaluation

King Xuan of Qi is not a Ming monarch, but there is no doubt that during his reign, the state of Qi got rapid development, especially the Jixia Academy, which he magnified, can be said to be one of the most important factors causing the "contention of a hundred schools of thought". (Jixia Academy was founded by Duke Huan of Qi, and carried forward by King Xuan of Qi.)

Historical records

Tian Jingzhong's 16th family

member of family

father

Father: Tian Yinqi

Wife and concubine

Queen: Zhong Lichun, known as the salt free woman and Zhong Wuyan in history.

Concubine: Xia Yingchun

brother

Second younger brother: Tian Ying (Qi Jing, Guo Jun)

Son

Son: Tian Di (king Qi Min)

Anecdotes and allusions

Zhong Wuyan has something to do, Xia Yingchun has nothing to do

Zhong and Xia were the women around King Xuan of Qi. The former was ugly and talented, while the latter was beautiful and incompetent. Therefore, King Xuan of Qi ran to Zhong Wuyan for help when he had something to do. When it was over, he went to Xia Yingchun to have fun and left Zhong Wuyan aside.

pretend to play the Yu

When King Xuan of Qi asked people to play Yu, 300 people must play it together. Nanguo Chushi asked to play Yu for King Xuan of Qi. King Xuan was very happy. The government gave him the same treatment as those hundreds. After the death of King Xuan of Qi, his son king min of Qi succeeded to the throne. Qi Min Wang also liked playing Yu, but he liked to let them listen to his solo one by one, so Nanguo Chushi had to run away.

King Xuan has only one love

Once, King Xuan of Qi said to his next minister Chun Yu Kun, "Sir, what do you like?" Chunyu Kun said: "the ancient kings liked four, and the kings liked three." King Xuan of Qi was very strange. He couldn't help asking, "how do you say that?" Chunyu Kun said: "in ancient times, kings loved horses, and so did kings. In ancient times, kings loved delicious food, and so did kings. In ancient times, the king was beautiful, and the king was beautiful. In ancient times, kings respected people with talent and morality, but kings did not respect people with talent and morality. "

After hearing this, King Xuan of Qi shook his head and said, "there are no outstanding talents in the country, otherwise I will respect them and like them. How can I say that I don't respect talented people? "

Chunyu Kun said: "in ancient times, there were good horses like Hualiu, but now there are none. The king chooses from all the horses at any cost. It can be seen that the king really likes horses. In ancient times, there were sausages or tender and delicious meat from animals such as leopard and elephant, but now they don't. The king ordered his men to take pains to choose from many delicacies. It can be seen that the king really likes delicacies. In ancient times, there were beauties like Mao Yi and Xi Shi, but now they are not. The king chooses from many beauties in today's world. It can be seen that the king really likes beauties. As for the talented and virtuous people, the king must wait until the virtuous people of Yao, Shun, Yu and Tang Dynasties appear, and then he will respect and like them. If the virtuous people of Yu and Tang Dynasties know this, they will feel that the king does not really like talents, and will not like the king. " King Xuan of Qi was silent and didn't know how to answer.

evade the subject under discussion

Mencius once said to King Xuan of Qi, "there is a man who wants to go to the state of Chu and entrusts his wife and children to his friends. Please take care of him. Only when he came back did he know that his wife and children had been suffering from cold and hunger, and that the friend had not done his duty to take care of them. What do you say to such a friend? "

King Xuan of Qi replied, "break up with him!" Mencius also said, "there is an officer who carries out law and discipline and is in charge of punishment, but he can't even manage his own subordinates. What do you think we should do? " King Xuan of Qi said, "remove him from his post!"

Finally, Mencius said, "in the whole country, political affairs are in disorder, and the people can't live and work in peace and contentment. What do you think we should do? " King Xuan of Qi looked at his left and right ministers and deliberately took the topic elsewhere.

A gentleman is far away from cooking

Mencius visited the state of Qi about the second year of King Xuan of Qi (318 BC) and was treated with courtesy. King Xuan of Qi asked, "can you tell me something about the hegemony of Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wen of Jin in the spring and Autumn period?" Mencius replied, "Confucius' students didn't talk about the hegemony of Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wen of Jin, so it didn't spread to future generations, and I haven't heard of it. King, if you want me to say it. Then I'll talk about using morality to unify the kingcraft of the world King Xuan of Qi asked, "how can morality unify the world?" Mencius said, "everything is for the common people to live and work in peace and contentment. To unify the world in this way, no one can stop it. " King Xuan of Qi said, "can people like me live and work in peace and contentment?" Mencius said, "yes." King Xuan of Qi said, "why do you know I can?"

Mencius said, "I once heard Hu he tell me one thing. He said," king, you are sitting on the main hall one day. Someone is leading an ox past your highness. When you see it, you ask, "where are you going to lead the ox?" The man in charge of the cow replied, "I'm going to kill the clock.". You say, "let it go! I can't bear to see it tremble with fear, as if it had been executed everywhere without any sin. " The person in charge of the cow asked, "then don't sacrifice the bell?" You said, "how can we not sacrifice the bell? Use sheep instead of cattle. " ——I don't know if it happened? "

King Xuan of Qi said, "there is such a thing." Mencius said, "with your benevolence, you can unify the world. When people heard about this, they thought you were mean, but I know you are not mean, but because you can't bear it. "

King Xuan of Qi said, "yes, some people do think so. However, although Qi is not big, how can I be so stingy that I can't bear to give up a cow? I really can't bear to see it tremble with fear, just like being sentenced to death for being innocent, so I replace it with sheep. "

Mencius said, "don't blame the people for thinking you are mean. They only see you use small sheep instead of big cattle. How can they know the meaning? What's more, if the king pities him for being slaughtered for being innocent, what's the difference between cattle and sheep? "

Qi Xuan Wang said with a smile: "yes, I don't even know what kind of psychology it is. It's true that I didn't use sheep to replace cattle because I was stingy with money. However, the common people really have their reason to think so. "

Mencius said, "it doesn't matter. King, this kind of impatience is just a sign of kindness, just because you saw the cattle with your own eyes and didn't see the sheep. A gentleman can't bear to see birds and animals die when he sees them alive, and can't bear to eat their meat when he hears them crying. Gentlemen are always, therefore

Chinese PinYin : Qi Xuan Wang