Liu Yan

Liu Yan

Liu Yan? Wei Shuo was born in the state of Lu in Yuzhou (now Qufu City in Shandong Province). He was an official of Shuhan in the Three Kingdoms period. Liu Yan began to accompany Liu Bei when he was in Yuzhou, and was appointed as the prefect of Guling County after Liu Bei obtained Yizhou. Liu Yan was granted the title of Marquis of the capital, and was promoted to the post of general. He also served as a guard and a military commander, and then was promoted to a cavalry general. In 234 (the 12th year of Jianxing), Liu Yan, suspecting that he had been in the palace for more than a month, congratulated the Empress Dowager on the new year's marriage. Hu's wife was lynched and expelled from the family. As a result, Hu sued Liu Yan, who was sent to prison and abandoned the city to die. Liu Yan was a well-known scholar who was good at talking and was well received by Liu Bei. He was in a high position but did not take part in political affairs. He only talked ironically with Zhuge Liang, but he was paranoid and aggressive, and finally got himself into trouble.

Life of the characters

He was well received

Liu Yan was a native of the state of Lu in Yuzhou. During his stay in Yuzhou, Liu Bei recruited Liu Yan to work as an official. Because Liu Yan and Liu Bei are of the same clan and surname, and they are very elegant and good at talking and discussing, they are well treated by Liu Bei and often follow Liu Bei as guests. In the summer of 214 A.D. (the 19th year of Jian'an), Liu Bei defeated Liu Zhang to obtain Yizhou and appointed Liu Yan as the prefect of Guling county.

In April 223 (the third year of Zhangwu), Liu Bei died. In May, the crown prince Liu Chan ascended the throne. Liu Yan was granted the title of Marquis of the capital, ranking second only to Li Yan in official rank. He also served as a guard, a middle military division, and a rear general. Later, he was promoted from a rear general to a general of motorcycles. Although Liu Yan was in a high position, he did not take part in the state affairs of the Shu Han Dynasty. He only led more than 1000 soldiers symbolically and made some criticisms and suggestions with Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of the Shu Han Dynasty. Even so, Liu Yan's ostentation is also very high-profile. His chariots, horses, clothes and food can be regarded as luxury. There are dozens of maidservants in the mansion, all of whom can sing, dance and play music. Liu Yan also taught them to read the famous work "Luling Guangdian Fu" by Wang Yanshou, a Ci Fu writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

In February of 231 A.D. (the ninth year of Jianxing), Zhuge Liang made the fourth northern expedition to Cao Wei. In June, due to the lack of food and grass, the Han army returned to central Sichuan. In August, after the return of the Northern Expedition army, Li Yan, who was in charge of the transportation of grain and grass, tried to escape the responsibility. Liu Yan and Zhuge Liang jointly wrote a letter to Liu Chan, the later leader, requesting that Li Yan be deposed. Liu Yan ranked first among the officials impeached by official documents, which shows his position.

Loss of consciousness and trance

In 232 A.D. (the 10th year of Jianxing), Liu Yan quarreled with Wei Yan, a former military strategist of the Shu Han Dynasty. His words were arrogant and absurd, and were criticized by Zhuge Liang. Liu Yan wrote a letter to Zhuge Liang and said, "I was born empty and incompetent. My moral character was meagre. In addition, I had a bad habit of indulging in drinking and neglecting things. Therefore, since the late emperor, people have been arguing about me, which almost made me beat. Mr. Ming, you can see that I am dedicated to my country, forgive my filthy habits, help me through difficulties, and get my present position. Recently, I have been drunk, confused, illogical and wrong. You kindly tolerated my rashness for a moment, and did not send me to the judicial officer for trial, so that I could save my life. I must deeply remorse myself, restrain myself, correct my mistakes, serve my country with death, and swear to the gods on this basis; but if there is no place to serve, I will have no face to see you all again. " So Zhuge Liang sent Liu Yan back to Chengdu to keep his official position unchanged. However, Liu Yan felt dissatisfied, so his behavior was abnormal and he was in a trance.

Abandon the market and die

In the first month of 234 A.D. (the 12th year of Jianxing), Liu Yan's wife Hu went to the palace to congratulate the Empress Dowager on the Spring Festival. The Empress Dowager specifically left Hu, and it took a month for Hu to leave the palace and go home. Because Hu was very beautiful, Liu Yan suspected that she had an affair with Liu Chan, the later leader. So he asked the executioner to beat Hu. He beat Hu in the face with his shoes. Then he abandoned Hu and drove him out of the house. Hu explained all the information to the law enforcement department and charged Liu Yan. Liu Yan was most arrested and jailed for breaking the law. The law enforcement department finally determined that the official was not the one who beat his wife, and the face was not the place to bear the shoes. Therefore, Liu Yan was executed in the downtown area. Since then, the custom of the minister's wife and mother entering the DPRK to celebrate was abolished.

Historical evaluation

Chen Shou: "Peng Dan and Liao Li were promoted by their talents, Li Yan by his cadres, Wei Yan by his bravery, Yang Yi by his official position, and Liu Yan by his old official position. Looking at his actions, following his rules, and taking the blame, all of them are his own. "

Literary image

Liu Yan appeared in the 91st, 92nd and 115th chapters of the novel the romance of the Three Kingdoms. Liu Yan was a minister of the Shu Han Dynasty with some artistic transformation in image and history. Zhuge Liang, the prime minister, went on the expedition to the Central Plains, and Liu Yan followed the expedition as a military commander in the expedition, a general on motorcycles, and a rural marquis in the capital. During the first northern expedition, the Han Army captured Nan'an and anding counties of the Cao Wei Dynasty, and Liu Yan and Wu Yi were guarding them respectively. Liu Yan's abandonment of the city for blaming his wife was moved to the period of Huang Hao's pre administration to set off the fatuous image of his later master who trusted Huang Hao and ignored the government.

Chinese PinYin : Liu Yan