wen tingyun

wen tingyun

Wen Tingyun, formerly known as Qi, was born in Qixian County, Taiyuan (now Shanxi). Poets and poets of Tang Dynasty.

Wen Tingyun was born into a declining aristocratic family and was the descendant of Wen Yanbo, Prime Minister of the early Tang Dynasty. Rich in talent, quick thinking, every test, bet official rhyme, eight fork hand into eight rhymes, it has "Wen eight fork" or "Wen eight Yin" said. However, he is unruly in talent, and is fond of ridiculing dignitaries. He often commits taboos, and is not bound to drink freely. Therefore, he offends the dignitaries, and has been frustrated and down all his life. In Xuanzong Dynasty of Tang Dynasty, Wen Tingyun wrote Fu on behalf of others. Because of disturbing the imperial examination, he was demoted to the rank of Sui county magistrate. Later, Xiangyang governor's office was appointed inspector, and wailang, a member of the school inspector, left Xiangyang and visited Jiangling. He was an assistant teacher in Tang Dynasty.

Wen Tingyun was proficient in music and poetry. Poetry and Li Shangyin are equally famous, and they were called Wenli at that time. His poetry is rich in rhetoric, gorgeous and exquisite, and the content is mostly about boudoir. He was the first poet of "Huajian School" and respected as the originator of "Huajian School", which had a great influence on the development of CI. In the history of Ci, it is as famous as Weizhuang, and is also called Wenwei. Wen Bi is as famous as Li Shangyin and Duan Chengshi. They all rank 16, so they are collectively called "thirty six styles". There are more than 300 of his poems, including Wen feiqing Ji Jian Zhu, which was proofread and annotated by Gu Sili of Qing Dynasty. There are more than 70 of his ci poems, which are included in huajianji and Jinquan CI.

(the outline picture of Wen Tingyun's inscription and postscript is taken from the painting biography of wanxiaotang, which was painted by Shangguan Zhou and printed in the eighth year of Qianlong.)

Life of the characters

Losing parents when young

Wen Tingyun was the grandson of Wen Yanbo, the Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty. According to Xia Chengtao's chronicle of CI poets in Tang and Song Dynasties, Wen Tingyun was born in Taiyuan in 812, the seventh year of Yuanhe in Tang Xianzong. In 820, Wen Tingyun's father died and his four brothers and sisters lived with his mother. In the fourth year of emperor Mu Zong's reign of Tang Dynasty (824), Duan Wenchang, a good friend of Wen Tingyun's father, visited the Minister of justice of the Ministry of punishment in Yunnan Province and helped the Wen family. He took Wen Tingyun to duling (now the south of Sanzhao village, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province) and read with his son Duan Chengshi. In 826, Wen Tingyun and Duan Chengshi went out from Duan Wenchang in Huainan to Wuzhong in Jianghuai. In 830, Wen Tingyun and Duan Chengshi went to Jingchu with Duan Wenchang, who was appointed as the governor of Jingnan. In 831, Wen Tingyun's friend Li Yuandeng became a Jinshi. Wen Tingyun's works include two poems of sending Yuezhou to work as Li Yuanwai in spring and two poems of sending Li yuanwaiyuan in spring. In 832, Wen Tingyun wrote a poem "send Bohai Prince back to his country".

Travel for official career

In 835, Duan Wenchang died in Xichuan. Soon after, Wen Tingyun bid farewell to Duan Chengshi and left Xichuan for Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi). In the third year of Tang Wenzong's founding (838), Wen Tingyun seemed to have been in contact with zhuangke Prince Li Yong (Tang wenzongzi), so he moved to Chang'an years ago. There is a poem "two lyrics of Prince Zhuang Ke". in the fourth year of emperor Wenzong of Tang Dynasty (839), he tried Jingzhao in autumn and returned to his hometown Taiyuan. Peidu died in March. Wen Tingyun's collection includes two lyrics of Zhongshu Ling Pei Gong, which may have been written for the first year. According to this, Wen Tingyun may have had contact with Pei Du. In addition, the title of Pei Jin Gong Lin Ting, written after Pei Du's death, is unknown. in 840, the fifth year of emperor Wenzong of Tang Dynasty, he was ill in autumn. This fashion is married and unmarried. Wen Tingyun was humiliated by his relatives when he toured Jianghuai in 1949. In this year, Wen Qi changed his name to Wen Tingyun, probably because Jiang Huai was humiliated. There are poems such as "a friend in a book when he is ill" (also known as "a hundred rhymes of Xu Shiyu in the countryside when he was ill in the autumn of the fifth year of Kaicheng" and "a hundred rhymes of book when he was ill") and "Fifty rhymes of old feelings presented to Li pushe in Huainan" (presented to Li Deyu, said to Li Shen). in the second year of wuzonghuichang (842), the eldest son Wen Xian was born in this year. There is a poem "secretary Liu Shangshu two elegiac lyrics" (hanging Liu Yuxi). In the sixth year of wuzonghuichang (846) of Tang Dynasty, there was a poem named "song of Zhen" in the poetry collection. Gu Yuxian's supplementary annotation of notes to Wen feiqing's poetry collection thought that this poem was written after Li Deyu's death, which meant mourning for Li Deyu. Xia Chengtao believed that this poem should be written when Li Deyu was living in the opposite phase. There is a poem called "song of abundant years of Bingyin in Huichang". In the first year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (847), Wen Tingyun was in Chang'an for the entrance examination. In the collection of poems, there is no record of the year. In the same year, Wen Tingyun went to Beijing for the Jinshi examination, and made a visit with linghuzhuzi, linghuzhuzi and peiduzi in Chang'an. In the second year of Emperor Xuanzong's reign in Tang Dynasty (848), there was a poem entitled "the imperial edict of Li Xianggong bestowing the wind of Jinping", which hurt Li Deyu's banishment, so it may be written in that year. In the fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (850), there are two poems about Li Weigong, which are satirical. Both Zeng Yi and Xia Chengtao argued that the two poems were forgeries. Wen Tingyun's poetry anthology "sitting in the mountains with Taoist friends at night, hearing the restlessness of frontier defense, showing comrades" was written about this year. In 852, Du Mu saw Wen Tingyun's poems and appreciated them. Wen Tingyun's letter to Du Mu is for your introduction. In March, 855, Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, he tried to learn a lot about Hongci and wrote Fu by hand for Liu Han, the son of Liu Xi. The fact of the imperial censor's impeachment case in xuanzongji of the old book of Tang Dynasty originated from Wen Tingyun. It is recorded in dongguanzoji. Wen Tingyun tried to have a department in his first year, but he was No.1. Shen Xun, the examiner, wrote more than a thousand words. The biography of Wen Tingyun in the new book of the Tang Dynasty, Suoyan of BEIMENG and Zhiyan of the Tang Dynasty once recorded that Wen Tingyun secretly saved eight people when the examiner asked him to take the exam alone in front of the curtain. It was the year that Du Zhen left Huainan. Wen Tingyun's poem "title to Duke Lin Pavilion in the south of the city" was written during the period of Du Zhen's reign in Huainan. Xia Chengtao believed that Du Zhen was in Huainan three years after Dazhong and nine years before July. Zhang CaiTian thought that Du Zhen had been in Huainan for six years. There is a poem "autumn hostel to Yi mountain Li Shiyu" (Wen Li's singing began here). In 856, Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty loved the poem "Bodhisattva man". Linghu Luo once pretended to be Wen Tingyun to enter the poem secretly, but Wen Tingyun spoke quickly to others, so he was alienated by Linghu Luo. In addition, Wen Tingyun repeatedly ridiculed his shortcomings, so he didn't recommend him. Therefore, Wen Tingyun was not the first to try (see BEIMENG Suoyan, Lei Shuo, Tang Shi Jishi, Yuefu Jiwen).

It's high and tiring

In the 13th year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (859), Wen Tingyun and Duan Chengshi's poems and slips returned to their families and became their parents. The poems include three songs of Rou Qing's jieji opera, three songs of Chengfei Qing, seven songs of mocking Fei Qing, eight songs of writing with Wen Fei Qing, and ten songs of sending Yu Zhigu scholar's excellent pen, soft and healthy pen. In that year, Wen Tingyun was demoted to be the county magistrate of suixian County, and Xu Shang was appointed as the inspector in Xiangyang. Gu zhaocang thinks that the article Wen Xian in Volume 17 of Tang Shi Ji Shi and volume 5 of Quan Tang Shi Hua is hereinafter referred to as "Yuanwai Tingyun". When he was the inspector of the Department, his title was Wai Lang (from six grades), but he didn't know which department was the inspector. Later, Wen Tingyun came to Beijing again to supplement the teaching assistants of Guozi, and also from liupin. Wen Tingyun's collection of "Bodhisattva man" was written in Dazhong period. In 860, Wen Tingyun should be between Xiangyang and Jiangling. Duan Chengshi and Wen Tingyun have two works: one is the letter to Wen feiqing and the other is the letter to Duan KEGU. In Xiangyang, Wen Tingyun made peace with Duan Chengshi, Yu Zhigu, Wei Chan and Xu Shang, and married his daughter in Duan Chengshi's zi'an Festival. In Duan Chengshi chronicle written by Fang Nanshan, Duan Wen's singing was related to the previous year. There are ten volumes of hanshangtijinji in this year, which still exist in the early Qing Dynasty and are lost today. Zhang CaiTian believed that Wen Tingyun had been engaged in business for only one year. Xu shangxiantong was transferred to Beijing in the first year, and Wen Tingyun was dismissed and returned to Jiangdong. Ke Jiangling was a poor and ill man, and his travel situation was rather awkward. There are poems such as he Duan Shaochang Ke Gu, Da Duan Ke Gu Jian Ji, Guangfeng Pavilion night banquet prostitutes have drunk beat (Note: Cheng Shi, Wei Chan sing together, a chronicle), and He Zhou Yao Guangyang public banquet ridicule Duan Cheng Shi. There are some articles such as "a letter from Duan KEGU to huluguan", "shanglinghu Xianggong Qi" (from Xiangyang ganye Linghu), and "Xiehe yuxianggong Qi". In 861, Wen Tingyun was in Jiangling. Because of Xu Shang's internal expedition last year, Wen Tingyun left xiangyangmu. He arrived in Jiangling in the year and joined xiaoyemu in Jingnan. In the southern part of Jing Dynasty, he wrote to Linghu long (shanglinghu Xianggong Qi), hoping to attract him. In the fourth year of Xiantong (863), Emperor Yizong of Tang Dynasty, Wen Tingyun passed Guangling and was humiliated by Marquis Yu. He was injured in the face and lost his front teeth. He sued Ling hulou, who was innocent of betraying Marquis Yu. When it came to Beijing, Wen Tingyun sent a letter to Chang'an to defend himself. Around the same year, Wen Tingyun demoted Fang Cheng Wei again. The poem given to Wen Tingyun by Ji Tangfu should be written at this time. There are poems such as "spring day will be sent to the east to Xinji and Miao gentry's ancestors" (Gu Xuejie attached this poem to the spring of this year), articles such as "Shangpei Xianggong Qi" (arguing that Linghu long in Huainan directed Yu hou to humiliate, Pei Xianggong or Peixiu, which is the so-called "from Chang'an to Gongqing to hear Xueyuan" in the old book of Tang Dynasty), and "epitaph of Cheng Xiuji". According to Gu Xuejie's supplement to the biography of Wen Tingyun in the new and old Tang Dynasty, Wen Tingyun started from Jiangling to Yangzhou at the turn of spring and summer in the third year of Xiantong. In the winter of the third year of Xiantong, HuLong town had a long-standing feud with Huainan. Linghulong hated Wen Tingyun for a long time and deliberately humiliated him. Xia Chengtao believed that Wen Tingyun left Jiangling for Yangzhou in the spring and summer of the fourth year of Xiantong.

End up in exile

In the seventh year of Xiantong, Emperor Yizong of Tang Dynasty (866), Wen Tingyun served in the Imperial Academy of Chang'an. According to Yin Chubing's chronicle of Linghu, Wen Tingyun was appointed as assistant teacher of Guozi and presided over the autumn examination. He published more than 30 poems to promote justice, angered Prime Minister Yang Shou and demoted Fangcheng

Chinese PinYin : Wen Ting Jun1