Cai tingkai

Cai tingkai

Tsai tingkai, born in Luoding, Guangdong Province on April 15, 1892, graduated from the army lecture hall of the second national defense army and commander-in-chief of the 19th Route Army, died on April 25, 1968.

Cai tingkai led the 19th Route Army to fight against the Japanese army after the "January 28 Incident", which resulted in the failure of the Japanese plot to occupy Shanghai. So that the world knew that after the Northeast did not resist, China still had a group of soldiers who could fight and fight. Later, he took part in leading the Fujian incident and signed the "preliminary agreement against Chiang Kai Shek and resistance against Japan" with the Provisional Central Government of the Soviet Republic of China and the Red Army. In January 1934, it failed because of internal disintegration. During the Anti Japanese War, he came back for a time and did not make great achievements because he had no soldiers. After the founding of new China, he served as vice chairman of the Fourth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference.

Character experience

The tailor joined the army

He was born on April 15, 1892 in a poor peasant family in Luoding, Guangdong Province. At the age of 9, Cai tingkai went to a library in a neighboring village to study. His mother died suddenly, and CAI tingkai, who had only been in school for three years, was forced to drop out. Cai tingkai, 13, took on the heavy burden of life prematurely. When busy, he and his sister farm, when idle, he and his father learn to tailor. The tribulations of life have trained Cai tingkai's stubborn character and strong physique. With the growth of his age, Cai tingkai's vision became wider and wider. He was often resentful of the bullying of China by foreign powers, the compensation of the Qing government for the loss of power and the humiliation of the country. Cai tingkai read the romance of the Three Kingdoms and couldn't put it down. He believed that one day he would gallop to the battlefield like Zhao Zilong to kill the enemy and serve the country. In September 1908, Cai tingkai married Peng Huifang, a local peasant girl. In 1910, the new army came to Luoding county. Without telling his father and wife, Cai tingkai joined the new army on the pretext of going out to tailor clothes for others. Cai tingkai joined the army four times, but he was forced to leave after a short time. In 1918, he served as platoon leader of Chen Mingshu battalion of Li Yaohan's Zhaojun army. In 1919, when the Zhaojun army disintegrated, Chen Mingshu's camp was transformed into the Lin Hu Department of the national defense army. CAI was selected to study in the army lecture hall of the second national defense army for one year.

begin to display one 's talent

In 1920, Cai tingkai's army was incorporated into the Chen Mingshu camp of the second army of the national defense army. In August of the same year, he joined the Military Academy of the army to study and graduated in September of the next year. In 1922, Cai tingkai became the commander of the 11th company of the Third Battalion of the first division of the Guangdong army, and was introduced by Chen Mingshu to join the Chinese Kuomintang. In May of the same year, he took part in the first Northern Expedition and led a Japanese March of more than 50 kilometers in Jiangxi Province. He captured Xinfeng city and won a meritorious service. In 1924, at the invitation of Deng Shizeng, the first battalion commander of the supplementary regiment of Sun Yat Sen's base camp, he became the company commander of the battalion. In the same year, he led his troops to Ducheng town in Yunan County to pacify the rebellion of Liu Yushan and Chen Tiantai. Soon, he took over the post of battalion commander of Deng Shizeng. In 1925, he took part in the first eastern expedition and the battle to pacify the rebels of Liu Zhenhuan and Yang Ximin. In October, he led the troops in danshuikou, Kaiping county to fight with Deng benyin rebels for three days and nights, and seized more than 1000 enemy guns. In July 1926, he was promoted to head of the 28th regiment of the 10th division of the Fourth Army. In October, he led his troops in the Northern Expedition and took part in the siege of Wuchang. He was the first to enter the Binyang gate of Wuchang City. At the end of the year, he served as deputy commander of major general of the 24th division of the 11th army. The next spring, he was promoted to the teacher of the division.

Before and after the Northern Expedition

In July 1927, Cai tingkai's headquarters were transferred to the command of general Ye Ting. In August, he participated in the Nanchang Uprising led by the Communist Party of China. He soon left the uprising. In 1928, fengdiao "encircled" the QiongYa Red Army on Hainan Island. They also participated in local bandit suppression. In May 1930, the Central Plains war broke out. Cai tingkai led his troops to help Jiang in the war and made great achievements. Chiang Kai Shek expanded Cai tingkai and Jiang guangnai's divisions into the 19th Route Army, appointed Jiang guangnai as the commander in chief of the 19th Route Army and CAI tingkai as the commander in chief of the 19th Route Army. He also awarded a prize of 1 million yuan and a special prize of tens of thousands of yuan to Cai tingkai himself, the second-class Baoding medal. In August 1930, the Nanjing national government decided to set up the 19th Route Army and appointed Cai tingkai as the deputy commander in chief.

Encircle and suppress the Red Army

At the end of 1930, Cai tingkai was ordered to take part in the "encirclement and suppression" of the Central Soviet area. When the troops arrived in Ganzhou, Cai tingkai recalled that the troops were stationed here during the northern expedition, so he went to the cemetery of the martyrs of the Fourth Army to offer sacrifices. When he arrived at Xingguo, Cai tingkai was deeply saddened to see that the villagers fled together, which was quite different from the people's attitude towards them during the northern expedition. At the beginning of 1931, the 19th Route Army entered Jiangxi and took part in the second and third "encirclement and suppression" against the Central Soviet area. In August, in the battle of gaoxinwei, both the 19th Route Army and the Red Army were defeated. Cai tingkai himself led the pistol camp to fight back, and then beat back the Red Army's encirclement.

Songhu Anti Japanese War

In November 1931, the 19th Route Army was ordered to guard along the Beijing Shanghai line. In late January of the next year, the Japanese army attempted to occupy Shanghai and required the 19th Route Army to withdraw 15 kilometers. The KMT authorities plan to agree to the Japanese request and send military minister he Yingqin to Shanghai to convey it to CAI tingkai. Cai immediately refused. He repeatedly stated: Shanghai is Chinese territory, the 19th Route Army is a Chinese company, and has the right to defend Shanghai. If the Japanese dare to invade, our army is determined to fight head-on. On January 28, the Japanese aggressor army stormed Shanghai. Cai tingkai ordered a counterattack and, together with Jiang guangnai and Dai Ji, sent a telegram to the whole country, expressing his determination that "we can't give up on the grass as far as we can go.". Soon after, he wrote a poem to express his will: "when the army and horses rush here, they are exhausted physically and mentally, and they are hard to bear. They have two years of letters from their families telling them not to sweep away the Japanese pirates and swear not to return them.". at that time, the 19th Route Army and the subsequent Fifth Army only had more than 40000 people, mainly small arms. Cai tingkai led the 19th Route Army to fight bloody battles with 60000 or 70000 Japanese aggressors equipped with airplanes, warships and tanks for 33 days, forcing the Japanese army to change command four times, killing and injuring more than 10000 people, and unable to capture Shanghai. Since then, Cai tingkai has won the support and love of the people of the whole country, overseas Chinese, Hong Kong and Macao compatriots, and has been hailed as "a famous general of the generation" and "an anti Japanese national hero". After the war, he was awarded the blue sky and white sun medal by the Nanjing National Government.

Fujian incident

On May 5, 1932, the Nanjing National Government signed the "Songhu armistice agreement" with Japan, transferring the 19th Route Army to Fujian to "encircle and suppress" the workers' and peasants' Red Army. In August, CAI was promoted to commander in chief of the 19th Route Army. At the end of December, he served as director of Fujian appeasement office. In the battle of "encircling and suppressing" the Red Army, Cai's troops were defeated many times. For the sake of the future of the 19th route, Cai tingkai and Jiang guangnai took the initiative to contact the Communist Party of China many times, and finally reached a truce agreement with the Red Army. On November 20, 1933, Cai tingkai, Li Jishen, Chen Mingshu and Jiang guangnai established the people's revolutionary government of the people's Republic of China in Fujian. Cai served as member of the Central Committee, member of the Military Commission, commander in chief of the first front army of the people's revolutionary army and commander in chief of the 19th Route Army. Only two months later, the Fujian people's government failed and CAI tingkai traveled abroad. Wherever they went, they actively publicized the Anti Japanese and national salvation, accused Japan of its crimes against China, and attacked the Nanjing government's non resistance policy, which was welcomed by overseas Chinese and foreign friends.

Unarmed Commander

In April 1935, Tsai returned to Hong Kong. In order to continue to resist Japan and Chiang Kai Shek, he, together with Li Jishen, Chen Mingshu and Jiang guangnai, organized the Great Revolutionary Alliance of the Chinese nation with the purpose of overthrowing the traitor government, establishing the people's political power, uniting all parties and factions to carry out the Anti Japanese war. In order to publicize this idea, they raised money to expand the big press. With their efforts, Dazhong newspaper is very popular with the public and has a huge sales volume. In 1936, when the "June 1 incident" broke out in Guangdong and Guangxi, Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi fought against Chiang Kai Shek under the banner of Anti Japanese, and sent Li Renren to invite Cai tingkai into Guangxi. In order to resist Japan, Cai tingkai handed over hundreds of thousands of the fund of the 19th Route Army to the Guangxi authorities to set up Xie Dingxin independent regiment, and decided to enter Guangxi regardless of success or failure. In July, Cai tingkai led Qu Shounian and Li Shengzong to Nanning to rebuild the 19th Route Army with the support of Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi. However, before long, Li, Bai and Chiang Kai Shek made peace and asked for CAI tingkai's opinions. Cai said frankly, "if you are sincere enough to make peace, fight and resist Japan, I would like to express my sympathy. But before the Anti Japanese war was carried out, I personally, for the sake of carrying out my idea, lifted the arms and returned to Hong Kong to have a rest. We are here for the sake of revolution and resistance against Japan, and we will never have the idea of being an official. " When he left Guangxi, Cai left a letter for Li and Bai. The letter said that the 19th Route Army was reduced to one or two divisions and returned to Guangxi. In May 1937, Cai tingkai went to Nanyang again. When he arrived in the Philippines, he was surprised to learn of the July 7th incident and immediately returned home to take part in the Anti Japanese war. On September 1, Chiang Kai Shek summoned Cai tingkai and appointed CAI as the special Councilor of the headquarters. On September 17, Cai tingkai's wife Peng Huifang passed away in Hong Kong. CAI was very sad. She felt deeply that "although she was a rural woman from the field, she knew the world well and was an indispensable domestic helper in her life for housework, taking care of her children and going with people.". On October 19, Chiang Kai Shek summoned Cai tingkai again in Nanjing and said, "you have been resting for several years. When I get to Hankou, I will order you to lead the army." Cai Tingzhi, who was hit by his left car, went back to the hospital for treatment. In 1938, after the fall of Guangzhou, Cai tingkai was elected as the commanding member and standing member of the Guangdong People's Anti Japanese Self Defense Corps, in charge of commanding the South Xijiang road team. In 1939, Chiang Kai Shek appointed Cai tingkai as deputy commander in chief of the 16th group army. Soon, he took over as commander in chief. In July, Cai tingkai married Ms. rosio. In October, CAI was transferred to commander in chief of the 26th group army. In 1940, Cai tingkai led his troops to take part in the famous Kunlun Pass battle, and Cai served as the commander in chief of the East Road. After the war, the 26th group army was ordered to be reorganized into the headquarters of Guangdong Guangxi border region, with CAI tingkai as commander in chief. Originally under the jurisdiction of CAI tingkai, the 93 division was ordered to transfer Wuming to the organizational system. In addition to the South Road guerrillas, CAI has become the commander-in-chief.

Chinese PinYin : Cai Ting Kai