Feng Ru

Feng Ru

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Feng Ru (from January 12, 1884 to August 25, 1912), formerly known as Feng Jiuru, was born in Enping, Guangdong Province. He was the first aircraft designer, manufacturer and aviator in China and was known as "the father of China's aviation".

Feng Ru, a native of Guangfu, Han nationality, was born into a poor peasant family in Enping, Guangdong Province. As a child, he loved to make kites, cars, boats and other toys, and yearned for fairy tales, especially the flying stories. At the age of 12, he traveled with his father to the United States to make a living. He witnessed the advanced industry of the United States, and believed that the prosperity of the country must depend on the development of technology. To change the poor and backward face of China, it is necessary to learn machinery and develop technology. On the basis of developing some machinery, he invested in aircraft manufacturing. He succeeded in the second aircraft manufacturing and flight test, and obtained the first-class pilot certificate issued by the American International Aeronautical Society, which greatly promoted the ambition of the Chinese people.

Feng Ru's life is a struggle for the rise of China. He devoted all his life to the aviation industry of his motherland. He created the "six firsts" and put forward the theory of aviation strategy, which has a profound impact on the development of the Chinese nation's aviation industry and the people's air force.

On September 20, 2019, AVIC held a donation ceremony in Beijing to commemorate the 110th anniversary of China's aviation industry, donating the first "Fengru 1" 1:4 restoration model to the China Science and Technology Museum.

Life of the characters

In 1884, he was born into a poor peasant family in Xingpu village, niujiangdu District, Enping, Guangdong Province.

In 1894, his uncle, who was doing small business in San Francisco, went home to visit his relatives. He saw that Feng Ru's family was living in hardship, so he took Feng Ru to the United States to make a living (his father), and soon arrived in San Francisco, the western city of the United States.

In 1901, he went to a factory in New York to study mechanical manufacturing.

In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903), after learning that the Wright brothers invented the plane, Feng Ru was determined to rely on the strength of the Chinese people to make the plane. He was sponsored by the local overseas Chinese.

In 1906, when Feng Ru returned to San Francisco from New York, the Russo Japanese war had just ended. According to the Portsmouth peace treaty, Russia "transferred" China's Lushun, Dalian and Middle East Railway to Japan. After learning of this, Feng Ru devoted herself to the search for ways to save the country and devoted herself to the study of aviation technology.

In September 1907, an aircraft factory was set up in Auckland, east of San Francisco.

In April 1908, Feng Ru built the first plane, but failed in the test flight. Then, a fire broke out in Auckland, and all the materials and equipment were destroyed. Feng Ru was in trouble. In May, Feng Ru rented an 80 square foot house at 359 East ninth street in Auckland as a factory building, which was named Guangdong manufacturing machinery factory.

In February 1909, Feng Ru built a second plane. The plane had already taken off for several meters and suddenly degenerated. Feng Ru was not injured. On the afternoon of September 21, Feng Ru made her first test flight. In October, Guangdong aircraft company was formally established, with Feng Ru as the chief machinist, and publicly solicited preferred shares, attracting 67 preferred shareholders and raising $5875.

In July 1910, Feng Ru made a second plane according to the "golden arrow" of Curtis and the "pilot one" of Wright brothers. From October to December, Feng Ru piloted it successfully in Auckland and won the praise of Dr. Sun Yat Sen and overseas Chinese living in the United States. At the same time, she obtained the first-class pilot certificate issued by the American Society of international aeronautics. According to the original plan, Feng Ru changed the name of "Guangdong manufacturing machinery company" to "Guangdong aircraft company" and moved back to Guangzhou.

In January 1911, "Guangdong manufacturing machinery company" finally made a "dunyiqian" aircraft. On January 18, Feng Ru piloted the plane and made a public test flight in airohurst square on the shore of San Francisco Bay in Auckland. On February 22, 1911, Feng Ru led the technicians of Guangdong aircraft company, Zhu Zhuquan, situ Biru and Zhu zhaohuai, together with two airplanes (one of which is under assembly) and the equipment for manufacturing the airplanes, to leave San Francisco for home by boat.

He arrived in Hong Kong on March 22, 1911. Zhang Mingqi, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi of the Qing government, sent the warship Baobi to Hong Kong to greet him and set up the aircraft and machinery in Yantang, a suburb of Guangzhou. Feng Ruxian returned to Enping to visit her relatives and arrived in Guangzhou on April 8. Zhang Mingqi, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, suspected that Feng Ru secretly communicated with the revolutionary party and sent someone to spy on him..

On November 9, 1911, after the Xinhai Revolution in Guangzhou, Feng Ru was appointed as the chief of the army plane by the revolutionary authorities. Feng Ru actively organized a plane reconnaissance team for the revolutionary army, and planned to assist the revolutionary army in attacking the Qing army. As the Qing government soon collapsed, the plane reconnaissance plan was not implemented.

On August 25, 1912, Feng Ru died in an accident during a flying performance in Yantang, Guangzhou. She was posthumously awarded as a major general of the army. Her body was buried in Huanghuagang and erected a monument to commemorate her death. She was honored as "China's first flying master".

On September 24, 1912, a memorial meeting was held at the place where Feng Rumeng was in distress.

Characters and deeds

Youth ambition

Feng Ru was born in 1884. At that time, China was being humiliated by the Western powers, and the working masses of China lived hard in the semi colonial and semi feudal society.

Since he was a child, he loved handwork, and often used clay, sticks and other things to make models of cars, small tools and so on. In particular, his "small wheel" made of matchboxes left a deep impression on his friends. All the neighbors boast that he will have a promising child in the future.

When Feng Ru was 12 years old, his uncle, who was doing small business in San Francisco, went home to visit his relatives. He saw that Feng Ru's family was living in hardship and wanted to take Feng Ru to the United States to make a living. Feng Ru's parents strongly opposed the news. His mother wiped her tears and said, "now I have only one child like you. How can I have the heart to let you leave me?" Feng Ru understood his parents' thoughts. However, he often heard that there were many new things in American scientific progress on the other side of the ocean that could not be seen in China. Feng Ru has a strong thirst for knowledge and is determined to go abroad to broaden her horizons and make a career in the future. Therefore, he pleaded with his parents and said, "the ancients said," a big man is a family all over the world. "I don't want to stay at home all my life. I'm willing to go out to learn a craft and be filial to my parents in the future." Under his repeated requests, his parents finally agreed to his request to go to the United States. In 1894, Feng Ru embarked on the voyage to the United States, and soon arrived in San Francisco, the western city of the United States, to start a new life. That year, he was only 12 years old.

San Francisco is a beautiful city and an important financial center and trade port in the western part of the United States. It has a large population, developed industry, factories and towering chimneys. Seeing all this, Feng Ru gradually understood why the western countries had bullied us. It turned out that they had developed industries and developed the country with machine production. If we also use machines to make China rich and strong, can we not change China's poverty and backwardness? So he decided to learn technology and use it to save China.

Six years later, Feng Ru moved to New York, where she studied machine manufacturing. He studies very hard and often studies late into the night to explore a problem. Despite the urgency of life, in order to learn more about the development of Western science and technology, he often bought newspapers, books and periodicals with the saved food and lodging expenses. In order to pay the tuition fee, Feng Ru has to work in her spare time. Nevertheless, Feng Ru's academic performance is still at the top of the class. The school saw Feng Ru study so hard, plus outstanding results, decided to exempt his tuition. Five years later, Feng Ru really has a broad knowledge of machinery manufacturing. He is familiar with 36 kinds of machines, and has also made some water pumps and pile drivers. The radio transceiver he designed and manufactured is very popular with users because of its good performance. At that time, Feng Ru had become a famous machinist.

Tenacious will

Just as Feng Ru devoted herself to the research and manufacture of machinery, the news came that the Japanese imperialists occupied Lushunkou, Dalian and the Middle East Railway in China.

In 1904, the Russo Japanese war broke out. In order to fight for the privilege in Northeast China, the two imperialist countries fought a dog to dog war on the land of China. Under the mediation of the United States, in September 1905, the two countries signed the Portsmouth peace treaty, which stipulated that Lvshunkou, Dalian and the adjacent sea areas at the southern end of Liaodong Peninsula should be transferred to Japan, and the railway from Changchun to Lvshunkou should also be transferred to Japan. In the face of all this, the corrupt Qing government ignored and acknowledged it. This is a great disgrace to the Chinese people. He was ashamed of the corruption and incompetence of the Qing government and grieved for the misfortune of his motherland. Feng Ru vowed to serve the motherland with her own skills.

At first, he wanted to build a warship for his motherland to strengthen China's coastal defense. At that time, the Wright brothers in the United States invented the airplane, which caused strong international repercussions. Many countries developed aircraft, airship and aviation weapons as advanced defense equipment at that time. Feng Ruxiang thinks that it costs millions of money to build a warship. It's better to build hundreds of airplanes, which are cheap, labor-saving and more useful. After making up his mind, he said to his assistants, "it's an era of fierce competition. Airplanes have become indispensable military equipment. If we can manufacture millions of airplanes and garrison them in China's ports, it will be enough to make China's national defense strong

Chinese PinYin : Feng Ru