Luhan

Luhan

Lu Han (1895-may 13, 1974), formerly known as Banghan, was born in Zhaotong, Yunnan Province. He is of the Yi nationality. He is a famous Anti Japanese patriotic general. He was a senior general of the Yunnan army of the Kuomintang during the period of the Republic of China, a second-class general of the National Revolutionary Army, and the chairman and security commander of the national government of Yunnan Province.

In 1914, Lu Han graduated from the Military Academy of Yunnan army and served as platoon commander, company commander, battalion commander, regimental commander, brigade commander, division commander, etc. When the Anti Japanese war broke out, Chiang Kai Shek appointed Lu Han as commander of the 60th army, led his troops to take part in Taierzhuang and other famous battles, and was promoted to head of the army, deputy commander-in-chief and commander-in-chief of the group army, and commander-in-chief of the first front army. After the surrender of the Japanese army, they led their troops to Vietnam for surrender. In October 1945, Long Yun was relieved of military and political power by Chiang Kai Shek and became chairman and security commander of Yunnan Province.

On December 9, 1949, Lu Han led the uprising. He was awarded the first Liberation Medal in 1955. He has successively served as chairman of Yunnan Military and political Commission, vice chairman of Southwest Military and political Commission, deputy director of the State Sports Commission, member of the National Defense Commission, member of the second and third Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and member of the second and third Standing Committee of the national Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference. In May 1974, he died in Beijing at the age of 79.

During the period of the Republic of China, Lu Han took charge of the military and political power of Yunnan for more than four years. He was known as the last Yunnan king. Later, he launched the Kunming uprising and made important contributions to the liberation of Yunnan and southwest China.

Life of the characters

Early life

In 1895, Lu Han was born in a Jidi family of Yi slave owners in Zhongzhai, Yanshan Township, Zhaotong City.

In the spring of the third year of Xuantong (1911), Lu Han, Long Yun and Zou RuoHeng went out to buy wood. Later, because the raft was damaged, the goods sank and more than 20 people drowned, they had to go to Sichuan to find another way out. Lu Han followed Long Yun and Zou RuoHeng to Sichuan and invested in Wei Huanzhang's department. In the winter of the same year, after the 1911 uprising, Cai E, the governor of Yunnan, decided to send troops to support Sichuan, which had not yet revolted. Xie Ruyi, the commander of the first ladder of the Yunnan army's aid to Sichuan, was ordered to lead his troops to Sichuan via Zhaotong to Xufu. When Longyun and Luhan learned that the Yunnan army had arrived, they went to xieruyiti regiment together.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the Republic of China was founded. In May, Lu Han and Long Yun drove back to Yunnan with the Yunnan army and were recommended to the Fourth Infantry section of the Yunnan army lecture hall for study with the rank of brigadier.

Join the Yunnan Army

In 1914, after graduating from the infantry division of Yunnan army's lecture hall, he went home to visit his relatives and married long Zeqing. After graduation, Lu Han was assigned to Yunnan army as a second lieutenant trainee platoon leader.

At the end of the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), the national defense war broke out, and Lu Han entered Sichuan with the national defense forces to fight. After the end of the national defense war, Lu Han served as platoon leader of Baochang battalion of Chengdu arsenal of Yunnan army stationed in Sichuan, and then promoted to company commander and deputy battalion commander.

In 1920, Sichuan soldiers launched the movement of "Sichuan people ruling Sichuan" and expelled the Yunnan army in Sichuan, which was defeated and returned to Yunnan. After returning to Kunming, Lu Han became an adjutant of major in Tang Jiyao's military office.

In 1921, Gu pinzhen, commander of the first army of Yunnan army in Sichuan, led his troops back to Kunming to expel Tang Jiyao. Tang Jiyao resigned in the early morning of February 8, leading his cronies to leave south by Yunnan Vietnam Railway train and live in Hong Kong. Before Tang Jiyao fled Kunming, he appointed Long Yun as the head of the 11th regiment of Jinwei, and Lu Han was the commander of the 3rd Battalion of the regiment, stationed in Mengzi, Yunnan Province, waiting for the right time.

In the spring of 1922, Tang Jiyao came back to Yunnan for the second time and ruled Yunnan again. Lu Han was appointed as the head of the third regiment of the Jinwei.

In the spring of 1925, Tang Jiyao invaded Guangxi in two ways. Lu Han was appointed as the commander of the 7th brigade by Tang Jiyao. Under the command of Longyun, he entered Guangxi. In August, the Yunnan army returned to Yunnan.

In the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), on February 6, Lu Han, following the four garrison envoys of Kunming, Mengzi, Zhaotong and Dali, Longyun, Hu Ruoyu, Zhang ruoji and Li xuanting, launched the "February 6 coup" to overthrow Tang Jiyao. Tang Jiyao was forced to hand over his power and set up the Yunnan Provincial Affairs Committee, which was under the control of the four garrison envoys. On May 23, Tang Jiyao died. The four garrisons made the regime out of balance, and the conflict between Hu Ruoyu and Long Yun for leadership intensified rapidly. On June 14, Hu Ruoyu and Zhang Ruji suddenly launched an attack on Longyun's headquarters, sending troops to encircle the north school of Kunming (the garrison of Longyun's troops in Kunming), and the houses of Longyun and his main generals, such as Lu Han, Meng Kun and Gao yinhuai. Lu hansui, together with Gao yinhuai, Meng Kun, Zhu Xu and others, concentrated their troops in Fengyi and Xiaguan areas in western Yunnan, and invited Hu Ying, commander of Yunnan military police, to take unified command of the troops in western Yunnan, acting as commander of 38th army, which is composed of three divisions, with Lu Han as the former commander-in-chief and commander of the 2nd division.

After the troops were reorganized, Lu Han led the 2nd division to the East and met five regiments led by Ouyang Yongchang of Hu Ruoyu's department near Qinghua cave in Xiangyun County, resulting in fierce fighting. Lu Han attacked Kunming directly, forced Hu Ruoyu to withdraw from Kunming and released Long Yun.

In 1928, Long Yun became the financial director of the provincial government.

In February 1931, Long Yun proposed to reorganize the army by "replacing divisions with brigades", which was opposed by his division commanders Lu Han, Zhu Xu, Zhang Chong and Zhang Fengchun. In March, the fourth division commander held a meeting in Yiliang and decided to launch an "anti dragon" coup. On March 11, Lu Han and three division leaders launched a mutiny in the name of "Qing emperor's side". Long Yun was unprepared. On March 12, he left Kunming in the name of returning to Zhaotong to sweep the tomb. Four division leaders were unable to deal with the aftermath after Long Yun left. On March 17, he asked Hui Longyun to be the provincial chairman. On April 7, Long Yun changed his division into a brigade, detaining four division leaders on the charge of "committing crimes below", and soon released Lu Han, Zhu Xu and others. Lu Han was appointed to supervise the League affairs of the whole province and remained a member of the provincial government.

Counter-Japanese War

In 1937, the Anti Japanese war broke out in an all-round way. The Yunnan army was reorganized into the 60th army of the National Revolutionary Army, and Lu Han served as the commander. On September 9, the 60th army held a pledge meeting at Wujiaba airport in the southern suburb of Kunming to fight against Japan.

In 1938, after the fall of Wuhan, Lu Han asked for leave to see a doctor because of cecal disease. He first lived in Xiangya Hospital in Changsha, and then was transferred to Guiyang because of Changsha fire. In December, the 30th regiment was expanded into the 1st group army, still under the jurisdiction of three armies. At the beginning, Long Yun was concurrently commander in chief, Lu Han was deputy commander in chief and acting commander in chief, and Gao yinhuai was deputy commander in chief. Soon after, Lu Han was the commander-in-chief. Lu Han stayed in Guiyang because of illness, and Gao yinhuai was the commander-in-chief.

In 1939, Chiang Kai Shek proposed to appoint Lu Han as the chairman of Guizhou provincial government. When Lu Han went to Chongqing to discuss his job, Jiang allowed him to take a secretary general to his post. Lu Han returned to Kunming for treatment due to his relapse and failed to take up his post.

In September 1940, when the Japanese army landed in Vietnam, the province was empty and the provincial capital was short of troops. Lu Han commanded the 182nd and 184th divisions of the 60th army and most of the female student troops of the Yunnan Field Service Regiment to rush back to Yunnan from the central China battlefield. On this basis, Long Yun expanded it into the southern Yunnan combat army, and appointed Lu Han as commander in chief and commander of the first group army. At the end of 1940, the Chinese Army stationed at the border between China and Vietnam was expanded into the general headquarters of the southern Yunnan border region, with Lu Han as commander in chief and under the jurisdiction of the first and ninth group armies.

In March 1945, the general headquarters of the southern Yunnan border region was once again ordered to expand into the first front army of China, with Lu Han as the commander in chief. After Japan surrendered, it was ordered to lead its troops to Vietnam for surrender. On September 28, Luhan formally accepted Tuqiao's surrender in Hanoi. In the absence of Lu Han, Chiang Kai Shek deployed the Fifth Army Qiu Qingquan to launch a mutiny. On October 2, he disarmed the Yunnan army in Kunming and launched the "dragon driving incident". On October 3, he ordered Long Yun to be removed from his post and transferred to the post of "President of the military Senate" (vacant title). In December, Lu Han replaced Long Yun as the chairman of the provincial government.

Yunnan Uprising

On December 9, 1949, Lu Han led the uprising. At 9 p.m., Lu Han detained Li Mi and Shen Zui, senior officers of the Kuomintang Central Army in Kunming. At 10 o'clock, Lu Han announced the uprising and issued the "Yunnan uprising power" to Mao Zedong, Zhu De and Zhou Enlai. Yunnan was liberated peacefully.

In March 1950, a military and political Commission was established in Yunnan Province, with Lu Han as its director.

Life in old age

In 1954, Lu Han was transferred from the southwest to the Beijing State Sports Commission.

In 1955, Luhan was awarded the first Liberation Medal.

In 1956, Luhan attended a delegation of the National People's Congress and visited Moscow.

In 1973, Luhan was diagnosed with lung cancer.

On May 13, 1974, Lu Han died in Beijing.

Main achievements

military

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, in August 1937, the main force of the Yunnan army was reorganized into the 60th army, with Lu Han as the commander, under the jurisdiction of three divisions, about 40000 people. In April 1938, Lu Han led all the departments of the 60th army to smash the enemy's attempt to cross the canal and threaten Xuzhou in the battle centered on Yuwang mountain in Taierzhuang, and severely damaged the Jigu division. Lu Han later served as the commander of the 30th corps and led his troops to take part in the battle of defending Wuhan.

In December 1938, the 30th regiment was expanded into the 1st group army. Lu Han served as deputy commander in chief and acting as commander in chief, and then changed to commander in chief. In September 1940, Lu Han was transferred to the post of commander in chief of the southern Yunnan combat army and commander of the first group army. At the end of 1940, Lu Han was transferred to the commander-in-chief of the general headquarters of the southern Yunnan border region, under the jurisdiction of the 1st and 9th army groups. He deployed defense to the West and east of the Yunnan Vietnam Railway and confronted the Japanese army. In March 1945, the general headquarters of the southern Yunnan border region was expanded into the first front army of China, and Lu Han was the commander in chief.

On August 15, 1945, the emperor of Japan issued an imperial edict declaring Japan's unconditional surrender

Chinese PinYin : Lu Han