Xia Minghan

Xia Minghan

Xia Minghan (1900-1928), whose name is guigen, was born in Hengyang County, Hunan Province. He was born in Zigui, Hubei Province, and returned home with his family at the age of 12. In 1917, Xia Minghan, who came from a gentry family, went against his grandfather's wishes to apply for a new school. In 1919, he took part in the student Patriotic Movement in Hengyang. In 1924, he was a member of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and was responsible for the work of the Agricultural Committee. In 1925, he concurrently served as the director of organization and peasants of Hunan provincial Party committee and Secretary of Changsha Municipal Party committee. We strongly advocate arming farmers. In the spring of 1927, he served as the Secretary General of the National Farmers Association and the Secretary of Wuhan Central farmers Movement Institute. In June, he was transferred back to Hunan as a member of the CPC Hunan Provincial Committee and director of organization. After the August 7th Meeting of the Communist Party of China, he actively participated in organizing Autumn Harvest Uprising in Hunan. In October, he also served as secretary of Pingjiang Liuyang special committee. At the beginning of 1928, he was transferred to the Standing Committee of the CPC Hubei Provincial Committee. In February of the same year, he was arrested by the enemy in Hankou. On March 20, 1928 (February 29 of the lunar calendar), Xia Minghan was killed at the age of 28 in Yuji of Hankou, Wuhan.

Xia Minghan is a proletarian revolutionist and revolutionary martyr. In 2009, he was rated as "100 outstanding heroes of China".

Life experience

Study youth

Xia Minghan, whose name is guigen, once took his mother's surname Chen, named riyu. His ancestral home is Hengyang County, Hunan Province. He was born in August 1900 in Zigui County, Hubei Province, where his father lived. As a child, he lived in Hubei, Jiangxi and other places with his grandfather and parents. At the age of 12, Xia Minghan returned with his parents to Hengyang, Hunan Province, and went to shigu national primary school in Hengyang County. When his father died early in 1914, Xia Minghan was raised by his grandfather, while his open-minded mother advocated that his son receive new education. The conflict between his grandfather and his parents made him like to think and have the courage to explore the truth. In 1917, Xia Minghan went against his grandfather's wishes and was admitted to the Mechanical Department of Hunan Provincial 3A Industrial school. In April of the next year, Wu Peifu captured Hengyang City. Xia Minghan hated warlords' scuffle and worried about the future and destiny of the country. With the help of Qiu Hailan, a member of the alliance, he contacted some like-minded friends and set up the sand society, a revolutionary group, to fight against the Northern Warlords. in 1919, the May 4th movement rose. Xia Minghan carried out patriotic propaganda activities with progressive students of all schools, and united with people from all walks of life to call on the whole country to support the struggle of Beijing students. On June 17, 1919, the southern Hunan students' Union was founded. Xia Minghan was elected as the third director general. He edited and published the southern Hunan students' Union weekly. Xia Minghan led the investigation team and student volunteers to check Japanese goods in warehouses and stores, and held a "burning Japanese goods conference".

join the Communist Party

In the autumn of 1920, with the help of he Shuheng, Xia Minghan met Mao Zedong and became the first group of students of Hunan Self-study University founded by Mao Zedong. He began to read a lot of progressive books and periodicals. Because Xia Minghan came from a gentry family, Mao Zedong jokingly called him "much better than Jia Baoyu in a dream of Red Mansions". In the winter of 1921, introduced by Mao Zedong and he Shuheng, Xia Minghan joined the Communist Party of China. In January 1922, Huang AI and Pang Renquan, the leaders of Hunan labor union, led the workers to strike and were killed by Zhao hengti's government. Changsha was a white terror. Mao Zedong went to Xia Minghan and others to discuss the countermeasures, and decided that Xia Minghan, Guo Liang and Chen Youkui would come forward to organize a memorial meeting for Huang AI and Pang Renquan. After the meeting, Xia Minghan and other people from all walks of life demonstrated and petitioned, and sent a telegram to the whole country to denounce the crimes of Zhao hengti's government. In September 1922, Hunan self study university set up a tutorial school with he Shuheng as the principal, Mao Zedong as the director and Xia Minghan as the dean. During the period of school, Xia Minghan collated the special lecture records of famous teachers and submitted them to newspapers for publication. More than 30 speeches were published in Ta Kung Pao at that time, including an introduction to the history of modern European literature, phonetic alphabets and Chinese characters, and literature and art of lower grades, with a total of more than 100000 words. In November 1923, the government of Zhao hengti in Hunan sealed up the Self-study University and tutorial school on the charge of "improper theory and public security". The Hunan provincial Party committee then transferred most of the teachers and students of the two schools to Xiangjiang middle school, a regular middle school organized by the provincial Party committee. Xia Minghan was assigned to this school as a teacher, as the Secretary General of the student union and the first member of the weekly of Hunan student union. As for Xia Minghan's teaching situation in Xiangjiang middle school, Xie Juezai once had such memories: "there was no teacher in Xiangjiang middle school run by the party. He was transferred to teach mathematics. He did not teach mathematics, but in order to be responsible for the students, that is to be responsible for the party, he studied hard and created new teaching methods. He was very popular with students and became a very good professor of arithmetic and algebra."

Peasant movement

In 1924, Xia Minghan was a member of the Hunan provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China, responsible for the work of the agricultural committee, and later concurrently served as the director of organization, the Minister of farmers and the Secretary of Changsha Municipal Party committee. He made great efforts to train cadres of the peasant movement and actively sent revolutionary youth to Guangzhou to study at the national peasant movement seminar. In order to promote the development of the peasant movement, he sent his younger brothers Xia Mingzhen, Xia Mingbi and his younger sister Xia Mingheng, who had just graduated from Guangzhou Agricultural Institute and Changsha political institute, to his hometown to carry out the peasant movement. His younger brother and sister went deep into the countryside to mobilize the masses, making Hengyang's peasant movement one of the best areas in Hunan Province. On the fourth day of the ninth lunar month in 1926, through the matchmaking of Mao Zedong, Zheng Jiajun and Xia Minghan held their wedding in a humble house in Qingshuitang, Changsha. The couplet sent by Li Weihan, he Shuheng and Xie Jueya from the Hunan provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China says: there is only a good family, but only a strong Ming Dynasty. On the eve of the Spring Festival in 1927, Xia Minghan and Zheng Jiajun moved to No. 1 Wanglu garden in Changsha to live in the same yard with Mao Zedong and Yang Kaihui. On December 1, 1926, Hunan provincial Party committee held the first farmers' Congress and workers' Congress of Hunan Province, which were presided over by Xia Minghan and Guo Liang. In February 1927, Mao Zedong went to Wuhan to hold the Central Academy of peasant movement. He wrote to Xia Minghan to work in the Agricultural Institute. After arriving in Wuhan, Xia Minghan served as the Secretary General of the National Farmers' Association and the Secretary of Mao Zedong and the Agricultural Institute. On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai Shek launched a counter revolutionary coup in Shanghai, killing Communists and revolutionary masses. He wrote: "the more you kill, the more daring you are. You are not afraid to kill. How can we thank the whole world if we don't cut off Jiang's head! " He joined the revolutionary army in the second Northern Expedition, served as propaganda minister, and went to the front line of Henan with the army.

Autumn Harvest Uprising

In June 1927, Xia Minghan was transferred back to work in Hunan Province as a member of the provincial Party committee and director of organization. After the party's August 7th meeting, Mao Zedong returned to Changsha to discuss the Autumn Harvest Uprising plan with the Hunan provincial Party committee. According to the plan, Xia Minghan publicized and organized the Autumn Harvest Uprising to Party organizations at all levels. On September 9, 1927, under the command of Mao Zedong, the Autumn Harvest Uprising broke out. On September 19, the plan to attack Changsha was frustrated, and Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising team to Jinggangshan to create a rural revolutionary base. In October, the Hunan provincial Party committee appointed Xia Minghan to concurrently serve as secretary of the Pingjiang Liuyang special committee. His main task is to continue to organize uprisings centering on Ping and Liu to coordinate with the struggle in Jinggangshan.

be arrested

In early 1928, the CPC Central Committee transferred Xia Minghan to work in Hubei provincial Party committee. The Party Central Committee in Shanghai sent Li Weihan to Wuhan to study with Guo Liang and Xia Minghan and decided to cancel the riots at the end of the Lunar New Year and stop the blind action. On March 18 of the same year, Xia Minghan learned from Xie Jueya that song Ruolin, a traffic attendant, was unreliable. When he returned to Hankou Oriental Hotel for transfer, song Ruolin and the police arrested Xia Minghan. He was killed on March 20.

Main works

Sacrifice Poems

Beheading doesn't matter, as long as it's true. killed Xia Minghan and others later.

Goldfish

Fish can be free, but man is a prisoner.

nursery rhyme

the people's house is dark, and the government's house is full of lights. the people's pot is in the sky, and the officials eat soup pills.

A poem (July 1927)

)

The more you kill, the more daring you will be. Why do you thank the world if you don't cut off Jiang's head!

Character evaluation

Poet Xiao San recalled: "Comrade Xia Minghan's party spirit is very pure, without any tricks, solid, and no lies. If you want to talk about his character and temper, the four lines of poetry can fully represent the truth. They are sincere words without affectation. What is rare is that his words and deeds are consistent. " Xie Juezai recalled that "what the martyr left in my mind was his loyalty, bravery, honesty and determination - the highest Bolshevik quality." He also commented in the biography of Xia Minghan: "Comrade Minghan's beautiful quality will always be a model for Party members and the people." Lu Fangwen, former director of the Institute of history, Hunan Academy of Social Sciences, commented: "Xia Minghan is not only a heroic and passionate man, a great revolutionary with firm will, but also a flesh and blood, affectionate and respectful son, husband, father and friend." In 2009, Xia Minghan was selected as "100 heroes and models who made outstanding contributions to the founding of new China".

Family members

wife

Zheng Jiajun, a native of zhengjiading, Changsha County, is gentle and kind-hearted, with superb needlework and embroidery skills. In 1925, her cousin Xiong Jinding, a colleague of Xia Minghan, introduced her to Xia Minghan. After Mao Zedong matchmaker, in the autumn of 1926, a wedding was held in a private house in Qingshuitang, Changsha. Under the guidance of Xia Minghan's words and deeds, he grew up rapidly and became Xia Minghan's effective helper in revolutionary activities.

Chinese PinYin : Xia Ming Han