Peng Xuefeng

Peng Xuefeng

Peng Xuefeng (September 9, 1907 - September 11, 1944), born in Zhenping county, Nanyang City, Henan Province, was an outstanding commander and strategist of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army and the New Fourth Army. He took part in the third, fourth and fifth counter encirclement and suppression, the 25000 Li Long March, organized the tuchengling campaign, led the army to attack Loushanguan twice, took Zunyi City, crossed the Jinsha River, crossed the Dadu River, marched into Tianquan City, and passed through The prairie was one of the top generals of the New Fourth Army who died in the Anti Japanese war. He devoted himself to the revolution for 20 years and was praised by Mao Zedong and Zhu De as "a good example for Communists". In memory of Peng Xuefeng, Peng Xuefeng memorial halls, parks or schools named after him have been built in Zhenping county and Xiayi County of Henan Province, Suzhou City and Mengcheng County of Anhui Province.

Life of the characters

Study experience

On September 9, 1907 (the second day of the eighth lunar month), he was born into a poor farmer's family in Qilizhuang, Zhenping county, Nanyang City, Henan Province. His birth name is Longxing and his scientific name is xiudao.

At the beginning of 1912, Peng Rulan, the grandfather of the private school, read and read. Later, he accompanied the children of the rich family in the private school run by his uncle Peng Yanqing.

In the autumn of 1921, Peng Yanqing, an uncle who taught in Tianjin, was admitted to Nankai Middle School.

At the turn of spring and summer in 1924, the school moved to Tuanhe in the southern suburb of Beijing, and changed its name to "Yude middle school". In autumn, Peng Yuting stopped funding. Yu Xinqing, the principal of the school, took care of him and asked him to teach Chinese in the primary school of the school. He was paid 10 yuan a month for seven hours a week before he could continue to go to school.

The road of revolution

In 1925, under the influence of patriotic progressive teachers, he read progressive books and periodicals such as new youth, Manifesto of the Communist Party and Duxiu Wencun. After the May 30th massacre, he organized his classmates to fight against the school and won the victory. He established the student autonomy Association of Yude middle school and was elected president. In late June, Tang Zong introduced him to join the Communist Youth League in Yude middle school.

In June 1929, Liu Zhen was assigned to the Department of military transportation. In October, he published a travel record of Yantai in the supplement of Guowen weekly. In December, he was sent to Fushan to do agricultural transportation work.

At the turn of spring and summer in 1932, he commanded the second division to take part in the Yi (Huang) le (an) campaign and annihilated the remnant of Gao Shuxun of the enemy's 52nd division. In August, it smashed the conspiracy of Guo Bingsheng, the second division commander. Won the "Red Star Medal".

In May 1933, he was transferred to the political commissar of the fourth division of the third Red Army. He led the army in the eastern expedition and won a series of victories, advancing to Fuzhou. In November, he was seriously injured in battle at huting.

In February 1935, the army was downsized in the Zhaxi area. The Fifth Division was reorganized into the 13th regiment and served as the head of the regiment. On the 19th, the red army returned to Zunyi and crossed the Chishui River at erlangtan. The 13th regiment, as the leading force, set up a floating bridge to cross the river, defeated the enemy and ensured the safety of the army. At dawn on the 25th of the same month, the 13th regiment captured Tongzi city. On the same day, he accepted the task of seizing Loushanguan. He led the 13th regiment to rush to Loushanguan two days ahead of the main force. After a fierce battle, they captured dianjinshan, the commanding point of Loushan Pass, at five o'clock in the afternoon. At eight o'clock in the evening, they captured Loushan Pass.

Anti Japanese battlefield

In September 1938, Zhou Enlai and Ye Jianying instructed the Henan provincial Party committee to shift its focus to the east of Henan and create a new situation in the border areas of Henan, Anhui and the Soviet Union. On the 27th, the Anti Japanese armed forces in Zhugou held a grand march pledge meeting. On the 29th of the same month, dawn was first published. Comrade Xuefeng wrote the words and inscriptions for the front page of dawn our good friend.

On November 11, 1939, after the "Queshan Massacre" in Zhugou, Henan Province, he wrote an article about the Zhugou incident. In the same month, according to the order of the New Fourth Army headquarters, the guerrilla detachment changed its name to the sixth detachment of the New Fourth Army. He served as commander and political commissar. The party, government and Army Committee of Henan Anhui Soviet border region was established and served as its director. On the 28th, he wrote an editorial for dawn entitled "our forbidden statement".

In August 1940, the 344th brigade and the new 2nd brigade of the Eighth Route Army, together with some units of the sixth detachment, were organized into the fourth column of the Eighth Route Army, with Peng Xuefeng as its commander. On December 9, he published the preface of "how to fight the enemy and how to build a base behind the enemy" in dawn daily; on the same month 12, because Geng Yunzhai, the security commander of Henan Anhui Soviet border area, Liu Ziren, the head of the 17th regiment of the 6th brigade, and Wu Xinrong, the head of the 18th regiment, led their troops to defecte to the enemy, he published the book of suing Huaishang gentry for emergency mobilization.

The fourth division of the New Fourth Army

On January 6, 1941, the "Southern Anhui Incident" took place; on January 17, 1941, the article "vowing to avenge the martyrs of the southern Anhui Incident" was published; on January 24, the article "talking about the southern Anhui Incident - answering reporters' questions" was published; on January 28, the fourth column of the Eighth Route Army was ordered to be reorganized into the fourth division of the New Fourth Army, serving as division commander and political commissar. On February 10, Tang Enbo led 100000 anti Communist forces to invade the Henan Anhui Soviet border region. Peng Xuefeng commanded the fourth division to carry out the anti Communist struggle for three months. On the 11th of the same month, he wrote to Li Xianzhou, the leader of the anti Communist forces, urging him to stop at the precipice. On the 18th of the same month, he wrote to Liao Yunze, the commander of Fuyang County police, calling for unity in the war of resistance and exposing he Yingqin's crime of benefiting the enemy and losing his country.

On April 2, 1941, he published the book of suing the old gentry and gentry in Huaishang for public grain; on the 19th of the same month, Chen Ruiting, head of the 425th regiment of the 124th division of the recalcitrant army, led his troops to hold a battlefield uprising; on the 22nd of the same month, the 32nd regiment of the 4th division was defeated in the anti recalcitrant battle between the big and small battalions; on the 24th of the same month, he published the book of suing the Nanyang compatriots. On the 25th of the same month, the central China Bureau and the New Fourth Army headquarters were ordered to lead the main force of the fourth division to leave Luxi and enter the Northeast Anhui base area.

On the night of March 17, 1943, he led his troops to take part in the self-defense counterattack at shanzitou, and won the battle. He captured Han Deqin, deputy commander of the Soviet Shandong war zone and chairman of Jiangsu Province, and killed Wang Guangxia, the leader of the stubborn army, and Li Zhonghuan, the commander of the independent sixth brigade. On the 29th of the same month, Chen Yi, Zhang Xi, and Fan Changjiang went to Bancheng. On the 30th of the same month, in order to fight for Han Deqin's common resistance against Japan, he and Chen Yi had a reasonable discussion with Han Deqin According to the policy of the Anti Japanese national united front, he dealt with the incident of Han Deloitte and sent Han Li out of the country.

die for one's country

On January 1, 1944, he published the article "military work in the past year"; on January 19, he delivered the speech "China and South Korea fight side by side" at the second alliance meeting of the Korean Independence League and the founding meeting of the central China branch of the Korean volunteer army; on January 29, he delivered the report "we are the government's guard and the people's escort" to the troops directly under the fourth division.

On August 15, 1944, he led the main five regiments of the fourth division to hold a western expedition oath meeting in Dawangzhuang, Bancheng Town, Sihong County, and fought the first battle in xiaozhuzhuang, southwest of Xiaoxian County, on August 23, 1944. He killed Wang Xuexue, commander of the stubborn army column, and more than 300 officers and soldiers, captured 1300 enemies, and won the uprising of Wu Xinrong's army, which was successful in the first battle.

In the first ten days of September, 1944, he led the army to continue to move westward to clean up the recalcitrant forces in various places, and basically recovered the eight counties in Henan Soviet area. On the 10th of the same month, he besieged and annihilated the Li Guangming detachment of Balizhuang recalcitrant army in Xiayi County, and the battle went smoothly. On the 11th, he completely annihilated one detachment of the recalcitrant army and captured more than 1000 people, including Li Guangming, commander of the detachment. Comrade Peng Xuefeng came to the front line to direct the battle. Unfortunately, he was killed by a stray bullet at the age of 37.

Achievements and contributions

military

In 1938, he cooperated with Zhang Zhen and Xiao Wang, who lived in suixian, Qixian and Taikang, and beat back the Japanese "encirclement and suppression" for many times. With the development of the Anti Japanese troops, Peng Xuefeng led his troops to the East in 1939, and established the Anti Japanese democratic regime with Yongcheng as the center.

From 1938 to 1944, Peng Xuefeng led the sixth detachment of the New Fourth Army to fight 3760 times, annihilating more than 48000 enemy troops in total, forming a cavalry regiment in the northeast of Anhui Province, winning the famous Huaibei anti "sweeping" battle (also known as the 33 day anti "sweeping" battle) in Hongze Lake area, and winning a brilliant victory with the casualty ratio of 5:1.

education

On November 26, 1938, the New Fourth Army guerrilla detachment camp school was established in Fuji, Qi County, Henan Province. Peng Xuefeng was also the president of the school. The school was the predecessor of Nanjing Army Command College.

literature

On September 29, 1938, Peng Xuefeng founded dawn, and published more than 60 articles on revolution as the theme and tactical guidance, which provided spiritual strength for the revolutionary struggle.

Anecdotes and allusions

Love the calf

In the summer of 1940, when Peng Xuefeng led the fourth column of the Eighth Route Army to fight in the Henan Anhui Soviet border region, he lived in Uncle Wang Xinyi's home. One day when it rained heavily, Peng Xuefeng suddenly thought that Uncle Wang's calf was still tied to a tree, so he ran out without wearing a rain hat. He braved the heavy rain and brought the calf back. Uncle Wang had no barn. Peng Xuefeng pulled the calf to the hall and tied it to the leg of the bed where he slept. Peng Xuefeng was drenched with rain all over his body, but he didn't manage himself. Instead, he picked up an old dress from the bed and wiped it for niuduzi first. Wipe all the rain off the calf. Uncle Wang was so moved that he didn't know what to say when he saw the commander of the fourth column of the Eighth Route Army taking good care of his livestock and labor force.

Create dawn

In September 1938, the New Fourth Army had no salary source and no logistic supply, so it had a hard life and poor material conditions. Peng Xuefeng mobilized the masses to offer suggestions and suggestions. He got two iron pens, two steel plates, two cylinders of ink, one oil brush, one wood board and half a cylinder of "Gaole brand" wax paper. He relied on these equipment to run newspapers. Peng Xuefeng happily wrote a headline for "dawn" and a book entitled "Dawn: our good friend"

Chinese PinYin : Peng Xue Feng