Han Yuanji

Han Yuanji

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Han Yuanji (1118-1187), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, was named Nanjian, Han nationality. He was born in yongqiu (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province) and Xuchang (now Henan Province). Han Yuanji's poems mostly express the interest of mountains and forests, such as "Liu Shaoqing", "cloud light autumn cloud", "congratulating the bridegroom", "ill feeling evil" and so on. He is the author of Nanjian A and B draft and Nanjian Shiyu, with more than 80 poems.

Life of the characters

Wenzhangshandou enters Tongyin

Han Yuanji

It's called Nanjian. When it comes to the origin of Nanjian, it is because he settled in the south of Xinjiang River. There is a stream called "Nanjian", which is between Shangrao people's Hospital and health school. There are two ways to be an official in the Song Dynasty: one is the examination of Jinshi, the other is to follow the door.

Han Yuanji

The former belongs to the latter.

Han Yuanji

Yingchuan, Henan Province.

In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were two Han families, one in Xiangzhou and the other in Yingchuan. In Yingchuan, the Han family planted more tung trees in front of the capital, so it was called "Tong Mu Han family", which was different from Han Qi in Xiangzhou.

Han Yuanji

It belongs to the Han family of Tongmu. In the preface to Tongmu Han's genealogy written by Wu Cheng of the Yuan Dynasty, it is praised that "during the hundred and sixty years of the eastern capital of the Song Dynasty, the largest clan was Han and Lu families. The Han family is more prosperous than the Han family of Tongmu. " Han Yi, the fifth ancestor of Yuanji, was an official in Song Renzong Dynasty, and became an official in politics.

Han Yi has eight sons, the fifth of which is Han Wei, the fourth ancestor of Yuanji. Chao Shuozhi said in the epitaph of Han Gong in the Song Dynasty that Han Wei "has great hope in the world. He is loyal to the king, regardless of his body, and does not regard Qing Xiang as a rich man. He is a little master of Han Gong!" When Yuanji was 10 years old, that is, the second year of Jingkang of emperor qinzong of Song Dynasty and the first year of Jianyan of Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty (1127), the Jin people fell into two capitals, the Central Plains was in chaos, the Song Dynasty moved to the south, one of the Han family fled to Jiangnan, one of them lived in Linchuan, and the Yuanji family moved to Shaowu of Fujian.

When Yuanji was 27 years old, he moved to Jian'an (now Jian'ou) in Fujian Province. Shaoxing 14 years (1146), 28 years old

Han Yuanji

The first time out of Fujian, to participate in the entrance examination, failed to take. In the 18th year of Shaoxing (1150), he failed to take the exam again, but because of his ancestors, he chose menyinding as the official department. The public opinion at that time was right

Han Yuanji

It's positive to evaluate the officials with the door shade.

According to the records in Volume 2 of the records of the four dynasties“

Han Yuanji

Although they have inherited the shadow of the school, their learning is far more than that of the Jinshi. " What's more, song Xiaozong himself also said, "the choice of the two systems, who can do it, how to choose Jinshi?" The second volume of Liang Xi man Zhi also states: "the removal of Xiye in the north station is the honor of the Confucians. Some of them are not made up of Cody, but they are proud of their articles Since the reign of emperor Qiandao Chunxi, Han yuanjiu, Wang jiasou and Liu Zhengfu have all taken photos of Xiye by menyin. " It can be seen that, just after 30 years old, the

Han Yuanji

At that time, he had a very high literary name, and everyone thought that it was a glorious thing for him to become an official.

The year after menyin was selected (Shaoxing 19), Han Yuanji went to Longquan County of Chuzhou to be the chief bookkeeper. In the autumn and winter of about 21 years in Shaoxing, he left Longquan, returned to Lin'an and lived in Deqing again. He lived in Deqing for the first time in Shaoxing in the 14th year. Because his elder brother Yuanlong was the principal of Yuhang County, he chose the Cixiang Temple of Deqing in Huzhou as a temporary residence. This time back to Deqing, Lu Zuqian's visit is the first time they met. Lu Zuqian once participated in the revision of huizongshilu, advocated to be practical, and founded Jinhua school. The school after Qianchun in Southern Song Dynasty is divided into three schools. Zhu's learning is based on the study of things, Lu's learning is based on the understanding of heart, and Lu's learning is based on its advantages. Lu Zuqian tried to reconcile Zhu Xi and Lu at the debate meeting of Ehu Academy in the third year of Chunxi (1175) Jiuyuan and liangpai are one of the main members of the "e Hu Zhi Hui".

Lu Zuqian later became Han Yuanji's son-in-law. In the 22nd year of Shaoxing, a poem was sent to Xu Chen of Pingjiang for a job. In the spring of the 23rd year, a poem was sent to Liang Shiheng, the county captain of Renhe. In the autumn of the 23rd year of Shaoxing (1155), Han Yuanji was hired by Huang renrong of Xinzhou to serve in the shogunate of Xinzhou. At the beginning of the 26th year of Shaoxing, Huang renrong moved to Jiangdong to transfer to the magistrate, and Zhou Kui took over the post in March. Zhou Kui was a famous Confucian scholar at that time. Yuanji was willing to see him for a long time. But in December of that year, Zhou Kui dismissed his official post, and Yuan Ji dismissed his post. The four years of the Xinzhou shogunate gave Han Yuanji a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the landscape, customs and human relations here. Although he had passed through Xinzhou before he left Fujian, it was only a stop in his journey, and the four years of Xinzhou was a stop in his life. To be sure, his idea of settling down in Shangrao should have existed since then.

In the 28th year of Shaoxing (1159), Han Yuan Ji knew Jian'an County, Fujian Province. He was widely used and had a strong political voice. He also built Ling Fengting in the west of the city. In autumn and August of 1160, Shaoxing, together with Zhu Xi and other four people, called him to travel. However, he did not travel immediately, but stayed until the beginning of the second year.

Shaoxing 31 years (1162) in August, in Lin'an as the main book of the Si Nong temple. In the first year of emperor Xiaozong's Longxing reign (1163), in the first month of the reign, Zhang Jun was appointed as the key envoy of the imperial court. He was still in charge of Jianghuai army and horses, and in May he was also in charge of Jingxiang. When Zhang Jun visited Xiaozong on his pilgrimage, he repeatedly played about the restoration, and wanted to take Shandong first. At that time, prominent officials such as Wang Dabao, Hu Quan, Wang Shipeng, Wang Yingchen and Chen Lianghan were all Zhang Jun's disciples. They all agreed with each other, but Han Yuanji had different views on this. He also submitted his ideas to Zhang Jun in a long book, saying that although peace is the worst policy, today's sum is different from that of the day before yesterday. As for the decisive battle, it is not easy. Because today's military equipment is old and has not been updated; today's soldiers have been cowardly and have not practiced for a long time; the only thing they can rely on is a few senior generals, who are all Sun Yu's senior. What's more, crossing the Huaihe River to the north is a long way to go Therefore, he finally put forward that "the government is willing to make peace as the policy of doubt, take defense as the strategy of self-improvement, and take war as the plan for the future." Han Yuanji was always the main combatant in his thought and behavior. At that time, the main combatant was divided into emotional group and rational group, and Yuanji belonged to the latter. In fact, Zhang Jun's later attack failed due to lack of preparation. This long book proves that Han Yuanji's judgment and analysis of the situation at that time are correct. He is not a strategist, but a politician.

In the early years of Longxing, Yuan Ji's elder brother Yuan Long was the commander-in-chief of huaidong. The commander-in-chief was located in Zhenjiang, so his mother lived here with his elder brother. In November of 1164, Han Yuanji went to Zhenjiang to visit his mother as the new governor of Poyang. At that time, Lu you happened to pass the sentence for Zhenjiang. They have known each other for a long time. This time, they met in Zhenjiang, visited the mountains and rivers together, drank together, and sang in harmony with each other. According to Lu You, the content of singing in harmony is "the joy of living in groups, the thought of being separated from others, the impermanence of human affairs, and the fear of not staying in my life.". And Ding Ning said, "I want to live and die without forgetting." We can see their deep feelings. For the friendship between the two people, Lu You said, "woo Hoo! The customs are getting worse, the friends are lacking, and the scholars are just like me

From November of the second year of Longxing to the first month of Qiandao's reform, they sang a total of 30 songs and poems. However, Lu You said, "it's very special, or as for being drunk and hot, and writing like wind and rain, good things will go from side to side. In the future, they will spread to Yuefu, or they will be seen in sengchuangyi, and they will not be able to forget." The songs and poems they wrote when they met in Zhenjiang were published in a collection at that time. It's a pity that they didn't survive. The only thing we can see now is a preface to singing peace in Jingkou, which is included in Lu You's Weinan anthology. It can also give us a general picture of that time.

After the first month of the first year of Qiandao, Han Yuanji took kaogong Lang Zheng and served as Jiangdong transit envoy. In the 4th year of Qiandao reign (1168), he joined Shaoqing in Dali as an official. But on May 21, he was transferred to Jianning, Fujian Province. He stayed in Jianning for one month and then changed to Jiangzhou. This is the true portrayal of Zhao fan's poem "sent to Han Shangshu in Jianning" in volume 8 of Qian Dao manuscript · Chunxi manuscript.

In 1169, his mother died in Xuancheng. Yuanji first went to Xuancheng to mourn, and then lived in Shangrao. This shows that he had settled down here at that time. As for when he settled in Shangrao, some scholars speculated that he might be the Jiangdong transit envoy in the second year of Qiandao. In the meantime, Ding Yu devoted himself to learning and had a lot of contacts with Wang Shimin, a scholar of Shangrao Hutan. He handed the explanation of the Analects of Confucius written by Yin Zhen, a master of Neo Confucianism, to zhaodezhuang of Jianning for printing and engraving, and wrote the postscript of Shuyin Hejing after the Analects of Confucius.

In July 1170, Zhu Xi wrote to Han Yuanji to borrow money for his mother's funeral. Yuan Ji replied in the first reply to Zhu Yuanhui in Volume 13 of Nanjian draft a and B: "the loan money is nothing more than money. A poor man has a small salary in the east of the Yangtze River. He even sent two women and bought several mu of rice. Last year, he had two burials. This year, he borrowed them. He has a little bit of spare time, so he should help Han Yuanji's two daughters married Lu Zuqian one after another. According to the chronicle of LV Chenggong, on December 29th, 27th year (1165) of Shaoxing, Zu Qian welcomed Yuanji's eldest daughter and died five years after marriage. On May 20th, 5th year (1169) of Qiandao, Zu Qian married Han Yuanji's third daughter, 51niang, as his stepmother. Unfortunately, "he died two years later and lived twenty-seven years. He was buried in the same area as his elder sister." This is not only Lu Zuqian's misfortune, but also Han Yuanji's lifelong pain. When his eldest daughter died, Han Yuanji made an epitaph. When Zuqian died (in the 8th year of Chunxi, ad 1181), Yuanji burst into tears and wrote a poem: "the road of Qingyun is green carpet, and the holy wish lasts for 40 years. The pavilion knows that the king is sick, and the mountains and forests are empty, sighing at the top of my mountain. Sad two female tongues new acupoints, wipe

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