Han Luo

Han Luo

Han Luo (844-923), whose name is Zhiguang, whose name is Zhiyao, whose name is donglang, whose name is yushanqiao, was born in jingzhaowannian (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province). In the late Tang Dynasty, Han Yi, a minister and poet, was one of the four sages of Nan'an.

He is intelligent and studious. At the age of ten, he can write poems, which is praised by his uncle Li Shangyin. In 889, Emperor Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty was a Jinshi and an envoy to the shogunate. Left into the collection, to remonstrate the doctor, moved to the degree of deputy envoy. In the third year of the reign of emperor Guanghua (900), Liu Jishu, lieutenant of the Pingzuo army, received the restoration of emperor Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty in a coup. He was awarded the title of Zhongshu, which was highly valued. Huang Chao entered Chang'an, followed him to Fengxiang, and gave orders to the Minister of the Ministry of war and the Imperial Academy. He refused to reply to Wei Yifan, the former prime minister. Not willing to be attached to Zhu Quanzhong, the king of Liang Dynasty, he was demoted as Sima of Dengzhou. After being killed, Tang Zhaozong attached himself to Wang Shenzhi, the governor of the powerful army, and lived in Yanfu temple in jiuri mountain. He believed in Taoism and was good at writing palace poems. He wrote more erotic and gorgeous words. He was called "Xianglian style".

In 923, he died in Longxing Temple of Nan'an county and was buried in Kwai mountain. He is the author of Yushan woodcutter collection.

Life of the characters

In the third year of Guanghua (900), Liu Jishu, the eunuch leader and the lieutenant of Shence army, launched a palace coup. Fei Zhaozong made Prince Li Yu emperor. Han Luo helped Prime Minister Cui Yin to put down the rebellion, welcomed Zhaozong to return, and became one of the meritorious officials. He was appointed as a scholar in the middle of the Qing Dynasty. He was deeply respected by Zhaozong. He wanted to be a prime minister many times, but he was forced to resign. Li Jizhao attached himself to Han Quanjiao, the eunuch leader, and pushed Cui Yin out. Cui Yin called Li Maozhen, Fengxiang's envoy, into the court, intending to suppress the eunuch group. After Li Maozhen entered the court, he supported his troops and was domineering. Cui Yin wanted to call Xuanwu town governor Zhu Quanzhong to join the court to contain Li Maozhen. Han Liao remonstrated: this caused "two towns of soldiers fighting under the que, the imperial court is in danger". We should go to Li Maozhen and deal with eunuchs on the one hand. However, Li Maozhen and Han Quanjiao have robbed Zhaozong to Fengxiang. Han Luo heard the news and rushed to Fengxiang in the starry night. When he saw Zhaozong, he cried and lost his voice. Zhao Zong appointed Han Luo as the Minister of the Ministry of war. After Zhu Quanzhong arrived, he defeated Li Maozhen and killed Han Quanjiao. Han Luo accompanied Zhao Zong back to Chang'an. When Han Luo returned to Chang'an, he was dissatisfied to see that Zhu Quanzhong was more arrogant than Li Maozhen. Once, Zhu Quanzhong and Cui Yin announced things in the palace, and all the officials avoided the seats and stood up. Only Han LuoDuan could not move, saying that "there was no time to stand at the banquet", which angered Zhu Quanzhong. On the one hand, Zhu Quanzhong was angry with Han Luo for his rudeness. On the other hand, he was afraid that he would be trusted by Zhaozong and participate in privy affairs. He was afraid that it would do harm to himself, so he used an excuse to reprimand Han Luo in front of Zhaozong. Cui Yin listened to slander and refused to rescue him. Zhu Quanzhong, who wanted to kill Han Luo, was demoted to Sima of Puzhou (today's Juan County in Shandong Province, south of Puyang in Henan Province) after being dissuaded by Zheng Yuangui. Soon after, he was demoted to Rongyi (now North of Tongzi County in Guizhou Province) and Sima in Dengzhou (now Deng County in Henan Province). Han Luo left Beijing, so that Zhao Zong had no confidants. In the first year of Tianyou (904), Zhu Quanzhong killed Zhaozong and established Li as emperor Zhaoxuan. In order to buy people's hearts and pretend to be open-minded, Jiao Zhao called Han to return to Beijing. Han Luo knew that once he went back to Chang'an, he would not obey the imperial edict and fled to Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province with his family. Wang Shenzhi, the governor of the Weiwu army, attached great importance to recruiting talents and sent people to Fuzhou to invite Han Luo to Fujian. In August of the second year of Tianyou (905), Han Luo entered Fujian Province from Jiangxi Province. After entering Fujian, Han Luo lived in Changting and Shaxian for a period. In the fourth year of Tianyou (907), Zhu Quanzhong usurped the Tang Dynasty and changed the name of the state to Liang. Wang Shenzhi presented tribute to Zhu Quanzhong. Han Luo is against this and wants to go back to Jiangxi. When he came to Shaowu from Shaxian County, Wang Shenzhi sent someone to detain him. However, because of the sense that the official career is dangerous and unpredictable, Han Luo's idea of fame has faded, and he firmly refused the appointment of Wang Shenzhi. After returning to Shaxian County from Shaowu, he soon went to live in taolinchang (this Yongchun) via Youxi, and then entered Quanzhou. In Quanzhou, he was received by the father and son of censor Wang Shenying, and lived in the western suburb of Quanzhou. For many years, his tired body and mind got a rest. While enjoying the local scenery, he sighed that "the road is not necessarily poor", and wrote many famous poems. Before long, Han Luo went to Nan'an to roam and thought it was an ideal place to stay in his old age. He built a house next to Baoen temple at the foot of Kuishan (also known as Huangqi mountain) as a place to settle down, which was called "Han Yu". Here, Han Luo went down to farm and cut firewood in the mountains. He called himself "Yushan woodcutter" and claimed that he had already cast his seal on his sick body. He did not think that the gate was like a fisherman and woodcutter. He lived a retired life. Around the third year of Longde in the Liang Dynasty (about 923 AD), Han Luo died of illness, and was buried in the sun of Kuishan. As a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, Han Luo is regarded as "a generation of poets". Generally speaking, his poems can be divided into three periods: the early period was before being relegated; the middle period was after being relegated and before entering Fujian; the late period was after entering Fujian, especially after settling down in Quanzhou and Nan'an. In the early days, he was an official in the court, and won the trust of Zhaozong. He was proud in his official career, and lived a luxurious life. Most of his poems were colorful words and beautiful sentences. As he later wrote in the preface of Xianglian collection in Nan'an Residence: "the brothels in Liuxiang are not chaff; the embroidered households in Jingui are romantic". However, there are also some fresh verses that can be recited, such as the well-known "eight feet long beard square brocade mattress, it's already cold, the weather is not cold"; "swallows don't come, flowers are raining, spring breeze should complain about dusk" and so on. After being expelled from Chang'an, Han Luo moved many times, witnessed the chaos, and changed his poetic style greatly. He mostly described his personal frustrations, poured out his grief and indignation, cursed the war and sympathized with the people. At the beginning of entering Fujian, Han Luo's whereabouts were uncertain. When he passed Youxi, just after the fierce battle between Quanzhou's Wang's army and the Southern Han Army, the village became a ruins. He wrote a famous sentence that has been passed down for thousands of years: "the water flows from the ripples, the sun slants, there are no chickens and dogs in the house, there are crows; thousands of villages are like cold food, no smoke, only flowers." After settling down in Quanzhou and Nan'an, he wrote poems with local color, such as "the land of China goes to the edge of the city, the clouds of the south come from the sea; four prefaces have flowers and rain, but no snow in winter, but thunder" and "chanting litchi". In his later years, he loved the life of firewood and ploughing after he settled down. He wrote poems such as "I sent my family here for three years, and I had mulberry and hemp together in Zhili cottage", "I tasted new citrus and pomelo when I got sick, and I changed my old clothes at the beginning of autumn" to express my leisure mood. Han Luo's poems are the most after he entered Fujian. Although later generations call Han Luo the founder of "Xianglian style", in fact, realism is the mainstream of his poetry. His collection of poems, Yushan qiaoren collection, was reprinted and handed down by the four part series, and more than 280 poems were included in the whole Tang poetry.

Related Poems

Among Han Luo's poems, the most valuable one is his poems about time. They almost represent the picture of Tang Dynasty from decline to death in the way of chronicle. The author likes to write current affairs in the form of close style, especially the seven rhythms. The combination of chronicle and narration, and the use of allusions have a depressing flavor. He is good at putting the desolate mood in the beautiful and graceful poems. He is sad but can be gentle, and soft but hard. Most of his works are about political upheaval at the top, and few of them touch on people's livelihood. But in art, the lack of Du Fu's deep and broad brushwork and Li Shangyin's deep and subtle conception sometimes leads to a superficial and delicate situation. summer the new shade leaves of the court trees have not been completed, and the jade steps are quiet with the sound of cicadas.
Xiangfeng doesn't move and oolong sleeps. Sometimes Jiaoying calls her name. Han Luo's lyric poems are ingenious in conception and delicate in brushwork. And the biggest feature is to integrate the feeling of life experience from the scenery picture, that is, scenery lyric, Hun Han traceless. The seven temperament "cherish flowers" is written with deep grief, which is regarded as a hidden hatred of national subjugation. Some small landscape poems, such as Zuizhu and Yetang, depict objects by means of white line drawing. The composition is clear and the colors are sparse. They are like poetic ink paintings. As for "from Shaxian County to Youxi County, after Quanzhou army, villages are empty, because there is a unique", which reflects the scene of rural chaos and defeat, it contains current events in the scenery, and has a wonderful combination of painting brush and historical brush. Ji Yougong of Song Dynasty "chronicle of Tang poetry" Volume 65 chronicle of Han: "Xiao Zi Dong Lang, Yi Shan Yun: taste impromptu for poetry, a shock, sentence has the wind of mature. Because there is a poem that says: "when I was ten years old, I cut my poems and became a horse. On the Wanli Danshan road of Tonghua, the young Phoenix is more clear than the old phoenix. " The word "Luo" refers to Yao. Today it is called "Zhi Guang." Han Luo's Xianglian Ji is a delicate style about the love between men and women. There have always been different comments on this. Today, there is one volume of Han Nei Han's other works, with an addendum. In addition, Xianglian Ji has three volumes of Yuankan and one volume of jiguge "He and Lu Gongning have a series of erotic words《

Xianglian collection

》。 Ning Hou GUI married him and named him Han Luo, which has been passed down to Han Luo《

Xianglian collection

》This is what Ning did. Ning's life works are divided into six parts: Yan Lun, you Yi, Xiao Ti, Yu Yu, Xiang Lian and Zhen Jin. It is said in the preface to you Yi Ji that there are two parts: Xiang Lian and Zhen Jin, which are not in the world Congealed in the government, avoid discussion, taboo its name and want to be known by later generations, so in the "entertainment collection preface", this congealed meaning is also. Yu was in Xiuzhou. All the books collected by his great grandson and Dun's family are old things of Duke Lu. They have no mark and are very complete. " According to Shen Kuo's Meng Xi Bi Tan Xiang Lian Ji should be written by he Ning.

Han Luo and Taoism

A detailed analysis of the relevant poems shows that Han Luo has a close relationship with Taoism. Like other poets in the Tang Dynasty, Han Luo also had some contacts with Taoists, such as Taoist of the rich family, sun renben, Wu Dang, etc. Let's first look at Qian's Taoist priest. Han Luo's poem "when I spend time with Qian Zunshi, I'm drunk together, because it's twenty words" says, "why should I be tired of Changsha when I'm drunk with him In the good spring, he and Taoist Qian drank together, and they were called "Jiuxian", which shows that they were very speculative. Look at sun renben, a Taoist priest, "his teeth are like ice and snow, his hair is like a bush, and he has been drunk for hundreds of years. Not with the world

Chinese PinYin : Han Wo