Wei Guanzhi

Wei Guanzhi

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Wei Guanzhi (760-821), whose real name is Wei Chun, was born in jingzhaowannian (now Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province), the Prime Minister of the Tang Dynasty and the son of Wei Zhao, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs.

Wei Guan was born in Jingzhao Wei's Xiaoyao Gongfang. During the Zhengyuan period of emperor Dezong, he was a Jinshi and successively served as a school scholar and a county magistrate of Chang'an. Li Sheng, Emperor Shunzong of Tang Dynasty, ascended to the throne and was promoted to the rank of censor. Tang Xianzong ascended the throne, paid homage to the officials, wailang, the governor of Bazhou, and moved to the central government. It was well played and appreciated by the emperor. In the ninth year of Yuanhe (814), he moved to Zhongshu and Tongping Zhangshi to become prime minister. Soon after, he had a conflict with Peidu, the prime minister, and was relieved from serving as the Minister of the Ministry of officials. Offend Cheng Yi, Vice Minister of salt and iron, and stop acting for Prince Zhan.

Li Heng, Mu Zong of Tang Dynasty, ascended to the throne and was promoted to Yin of Henan Province. He died in Luoyang at the age of 62. His posthumous title is Wen.

Life of the characters

Early experience

When Wei Chun was young, he was a scholar in the middle school. In the early years of Zhengyuan (785-805), Emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty, he was awarded the school scholar. After the end of his term of office, he was transferred to the county magistrate of Chang'an. In the last years of emperor Dezong, Jing Zhaoyin and Li were powerful and suggested that the work of emperor Dezong could be done in a few days. When someone recommended Wei chun to Li Shi, Li Shi replied, "I often hear that he is virtuous. He lives with me. I often want to see him. If I have a chance, I will recommend him to the emperor. " The recommender told Wei Chun about it, but although Wei Chun didn't refuse on the surface, he didn't see Li Shi for several years, so he didn't get promoted.

Admonish the Emperor

In 805, Dezong collapsed and was succeeded by his seriously ill son Tang Shunzong. After a few months, Shunzong abdicated to his son Tang Xianzong. Because of the name of emperor Xianzong, Li Chun, Wei Chun claimed that he used words to express himself. Shortly after Xianzong became emperor, he was appointed censor. He said in the above table that his younger brother Wei should take the post. As a result, he was appointed as youbuque and Wei was appointed as censor. At that time, people didn't think it was his selfish intention. In 806, Du Congyu, the son of du you, the prime minister, was appointed as Zuo buque. Wei Guanzhi and Cui Qun, the academician of Hanlin, thought this was not appropriate. At first, Du Congyu was demoted to Zuo Shiyi, but he was still an admonitor. Wei and Cui further clarified their position that it was wrong for Du Congyu to discuss his father's administration. Du Congyu was changed to Secretary Cheng. Later, Wei Guanzhi and Zhang Hongjing, the scholar of Zhongshu, took the examination and selected 18 people. Later, they were all famous for their literary talents. Transfer to wailang. In office, Jin Zhongyi, a young governor of Silla who was originally a merchant, asked his two sons for an official. Wei Guanzhi refused, pointing out that according to the regulations, the son of an industrial or commercial person cannot be an official. Jin Zhongyi lobbied many powerful officials to speak for him, but Wei Guanzhi insisted that the matter should be referred to the emperor, and Jin Zhongyi's son did not get the official post in the end. Wei Guanzhi also sincerely impeached Jin Zhongyi's qualification as an official, which made Jin Zhongyi dismissed. He was a member of the Ministry of officials. In April of the third year of Yuanhe (808), Wei Guanzhi, Yang Yuling, Zheng Jing, and Li Yi were the test officials. Wei Guan chose Niu sengru, Lu hunwei, Huang Fushi and Li Zongmin, the former Jinshi, as the top three who criticized the current politics. However, the Prime Minister Li Jifu was infuriated by their criticism and regarded it as a personal attack on him. Crying, he told Xianzong that Pei Xun and Wang Ya, the academicians of Hanlin who had given Wei Guanzhi and Yang Yuling Fu CE, had a conflict of interests. Huang Fu was also Wang Ya's nephew. Because of Li Jifu's impeachment, Pei Xun, Wang Ya, Yang Yuling and Wei Guan were demoted. Wei Guan was demoted to be the governor of Guozhou first, and then to be the governor of Bazhou a few days later. But it was soon recalled to Chang'an as a doctor of the capital. The next year, he worshipped Zhongshu. When Pei Xun was the prime minister, he once played for three times, but Xianzong didn't follow him. However, under Wei Guan's guidance, Pei Xun's words were heard by Xianzong, so Pei Xun said: "you should stay here after you." In June of the sixth year of Yuanhe (811), he participated in a large-scale salary review advocated by Li Jifu, together with Ping Zhong, Shi Lang of the Ministry of war and Li Jiang, Shi Lang of the Ministry of household. Change to minister of rites. During the two-year term, the candidates were more practical than flashy, so fewer people tried to influence the test results. He once calmly said: "the Minister of rites is more important than the prime minister." Xianzong said: "the minister is appointed by the prime minister. How can he be important?" A: "but the Chamberlain is the one who selects the Prime Minister for your majesty. Can he not be serious?" Xianzong praised his words. Turn to Youcheng, the minister, and give him gold and purple on the day of thanking him. Sometimes a monk came to the door and said, "you are going to worship me." Wei Guan asked him out and said, "this is a fool.

The prime minister was demoted

In December of the ninth year of Yuanhe (814), Wei Guanzhi was granted the title of the chief minister of tongzhongshu. He was a scholar in the middle of the migration. In the 10th year of Yuanhe (815), when the imperial army was fighting with Wu Yuanji, the warlord who controlled Zhangyi, Wu Yuanheng, the Prime Minister of Wei Guanzhi, who was in charge of the war, was assassinated. At that time, the assassin who killed Wu Yuanheng was believed to be sent by Wang Chengzong, Chengde Jiedu envoy, an ally of Wu Yuanji. In 816, Emperor Xianzong declared war on Wang Chengzong at the same time. Wei Guan opposed that two wars at the same time would bring another wave of rebellion similar to the rebellion of Zhu Zhi, which forced emperor Dezong to flee the capital. It was better to calm Wu Yuanji before dealing with Wang Chengzong, but emperor Xianzong did not listen. Later, although Xianzong recognized Wei Guanzhi's statement, the imperial edict was issued. Han Hong, the Xuanwu Jiedu envoy, was the capital of the imperial court. Wu Chongyin, the Heyang Jiedu envoy, and Li Guangyan, the Zhongwu Jiedu envoy, were ordered to join forces. Wei Guanzhi thought that there should be no unified governor, which would make the generals hold their own, but they were not heard. It was four years later that Wu Yuanji was pacified according to Wei Guan's policy, and Wang Chengzong surrendered as Wei Guan expected. Before long, he moved to the middle school. Colleagues recommended Zhang Zhongsu and Duan Wenchang as bachelors. Wei Guanzhi thought that their actions were improper and not suitable for the inner court, so he refused. At that time, Zuo buque Zhang Su had an oral argument and was favored by Xianzong. Xianzong ordered him to send an envoy to Pinglu Jiedu, Li Shidao. Pei Du, the prime minister, wanted to ask for Yinfei ZhangFu for him. Wei Guanzhi refused and thought Zhang Su was treacherous and sycophantic, so he was resented by Zhang su. Wei Guan is arrogant and doesn't associate with people he thinks are of low birth. When he and Pei Du were discussing soldiers before the imperial court, he also angered Xianzong. Zhang Su impeached him to form a party. In August, he was dismissed as the Minister of the Ministry of officials. In September, Guo Qiu, the academician of Hanlin and Zuo Shiyi, pleaded for him. As a result, he was dismissed from his post, and Wei Guanzhi was demoted from the capital city as an observer of Hunan. His younger brother Guo Zhou CI Shi Wei was also demoted. Wei Yi, Li zhengci, Xue Gonggan, Li Xuan, Wei chuhou and Cui Shao were demoted from the capital city as Ci Shi because of their good relationship with Wei Guan. Wei Yi, Li zhengci and Wei chuhou were all upright people, but they were demoted because of this, and the court began to hate Zhang su.

To protect the people and remove them from their posts

After Wei Guan was appointed as the Hunan observation envoy, due to the lack of national treasury during the war, Xianzong ordered Cheng Yi, the Deputy envoy of salt and iron, to go out to supervise the financial affairs of all the officials. Cheng Yi persuades local officials to collect and pay extra taxes every time he goes to a town. Wei Guanzhi said that he couldn't bear to pay more taxes to the common people. If the amount turned in didn't meet Cheng Yi's requirements, he turned in all the income of the town. So he was dismissed as Prince Zhan Shi and took office in Luoyang.

Death of illness

In 820, Emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty collapsed, and Li Heng succeeded to the throne. Mu Zongren, Wei Guan, was Yin of Henan Province (now Luoyang area), who called and worshipped the Minister of the Ministry of industry. Before he left Luoyang, Wei Guanzhi died in the first year of Changqing (821), and sent an imperial edict to the right servant of the minister. His posthumous title is

Zhen

Later, his posthumous title was changed to

writing

. It is recorded in the book of the old Tang Dynasty, volume 158, biography 188, and the book of the new Tang Dynasty, volume 169, biography 94.

Character evaluation

Liu Xu: first, from cloth clothes to expensive positions, there is no change in the living room. After 20 years in Chongwei, Baoyu was afraid to go to the door. He has a deep nature and few words. He makes friends with others. He has no songs all the year round. He has never made false words to please others. After death, there is no envy of wealth. ② Wei's three schools of thought have many talents. Chun, Yi Zhong Yi, was a turtle of the Yuan Dynasty. He was an assistant soldier, and his words were all related to the state. Australia's Zhenliang, not for Zufeng. Three generations of posthumous Zhen, worthy of the test line. Song Qi: 1. Guan Zhi is thick and speechless. He makes friends with others and has no songs all the year round. I have never known anything in my life, so my family is not envious of money. ② Du Huangshang was good at scheming, Pei Xun was able to hold the law, Li Fan was loyal, and Wei Guanzhi was loyal. All of them were full of Mu Tianlong, who was good at governing the country, fighting against the decline and fighting against the king. Is the resurgence of Xianzong better than the evil caused by people?

Relative members

According to the records in the new book of the Tang Dynasty, Wei Guanzhi was born in xiaoyaogongfang of Wei family in Jingzhao. He is the descendant of Wei Xian and Wei Xuancheng, the famous prime ministers in the Western Han Dynasty. Wei Xuancheng, the Seventh Sun of Wei Zhou, became an official of Cao Wei and was granted the title of Marquis of an city. Wei mu, the youngest son, was named Wei family of Dongjun. Wei He, the grandson of Wei Mu VIII, lived in seclusion during the Northern Zhou Dynasty. He refused to be conquered by the imperial court for ten times and was given the title of "xiaoyaogong". Wei Shikang, the seventh son of Wei, was the general manager of Jingzhou in Sui Dynasty. Wei Xiyuan, the fifth grandson of Wei Shikang, was a county captain of the Tang Dynasty and presented to a counsellor. < I > table reference: < / I >

personal works

Wei Guanzhi wrote 30 volumes of anthology and participated in the deletion of Kaiyuan gehouchi and Yuanhe Zhichi.

Chinese PinYin : Wei Guan Zhi