Chen Yu

Chen Yu

Chen Yu (1901-march 21, 1974) < / I >, a native of Chenwu village, Nantou, Baoan County, Guangdong Province, is a proletarian revolutionist and one of the pioneers of the Chinese labor movement.

He once served as the third secretary of the Central South Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee, governor of Guangdong Province, Minister of the Ministry of coal industry, etc.

Life of the characters

Chen Yu is a native of Chenwu village, Nantou, Bao'an County, Guangdong Province. He was born into a poor seaman's family. Chen Yu's father died three months after he was born. At the age of nine, he went to a village private school for two years and then dropped out of school. In the early summer of 1912, Chen Yu became an apprentice in a sewing machine factory in Hong Kong. In 1916, he worked as an apprentice in a car company in Hong Kong. At the end of three years, the boss of the company saw that he was smart and capable, so he sent him to Guangzhou automobile school to learn repair and driving skills. In the winter of 1920, he returned to Hong Kong Automobile Company as a mechanic after graduation. Later, he served as a waiter on the "Queen of Asia" ship operated by the British, and then became a sailor.

On January 12, 1922, Hong Kong Seamen's strike broke out, which shocked Chinese and foreign seamen. Chen Yu took part in the strike.

In 1923, he was selected as the head of the branch of the Seamen's Union "Queen of Asia".

In 1924, he became the director of the Chinese Seamen's Industry Federation and the head of the Pacific route branch of the Seamen's Union.

In 1925, he was elected vice president of the Chinese Seamen's Industry Federation and President of the Pacific shipping branch.

In 1925, the May 30th Movement broke out in Shanghai. In order to support the anti imperialist and patriotic movement, Hong Kong Seamen first launched a disaster on June 19, which started the first strike between the province and Hong Kong. In order to deal with the repression and blockade by the British and Hong Kong authorities, the striking workers in Hong Kong moved to Guangzhou. Chen Yu was appointed to Shenzhen to receive and arrange workers. He was selected as the representative of the striking workers and served as the propaganda officer of the strike committee. In August of the same year, he was introduced by Chen Quan and Liang Zuyi and joined the Communist Party of China.

In August 1926, Chen Yu was appointed Vice Chairman of all China Seamen's Union and Secretary of CPC Seamen's union committee. At the beginning of 1927, Chen Yu was the chairman and Secretary of the all China Seamen's Union. He also participated in the leadership work of the CPC Guangzhou Municipal Committee and the Guangzhou workers' Congress. In March 1927, Chen Yu held a meeting of the backbone members of the Seamen's Union to analyze and study the situation at that time. He believed that in the face of the rampant attack of the right wing of the Kuomintang, he should resolutely fight back. So they recommended Chen Yu to Shanghai to reflect his views to the central government. At the end of March, he went to Shanghai and suggested to Chen Duxiu that a general union strike should be organized mainly by Southern seamen workers to fight back the attack of the right wing of the Kuomintang and support the mass movements of workers and peasants in various places. Chen Duxiu refused this opinion.

On April 12, 1927, Chiang Kai Shek launched a counter revolutionary coup in Shanghai. On April 15, counter revolutionary coups took place in Guangzhou. According to the party's instructions, Chen Yu stayed in Guangzhou and insisted on underground struggle. On April 20, Chen Yu and Zhou Wenyong, Secretary of the working committee of the Guangzhou municipal Party committee, launched and led a political strike against Chiang Kai Shek's counter revolutionary coup. In May, Chen Yu served as a member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee and Secretary of the staff Movement Committee. He, together with Zhou Wenyong and others, decided to expand the workers' red guards with the former pickets of the provincial and Hong Kong strike as the backbone. On August 20, Zhang Tailei, Secretary of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee, held a meeting to reorganize the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee. At the meeting, Chen Yu was appointed secretary of the part-time workers movement committee of the Standing Committee of the provincial Party committee. On December 11, the Guangzhou uprising led by Zhang Tailei, Ye Ting and Ye Jianying broke out. Chen Yu led a red guard group of workers to attack the Public Security Bureau. On the 12th, the Guangzhou Soviet government was established, and Chen Yu was appointed as a member of the people's judicial committee of the Soviet government. After the failure of the uprising, Chen Yu secretly moved to Hong Kong.

In March 1928, Chen Yu was appointed secretary of the Hong Kong Monetary Committee of the Communist Party of China and chairman of the all China Seamen's Union. On December 6 of the same year, Chen Yu was re elected to the Standing Committee of the provincial Party committee. In September 1930, the Party Central Committee held the Third Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in Shanghai. Chen Yu attended the meeting and was elected as a member of the Central Committee. After the Third Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, Chen Yu was transferred to Shanghai as a member of the all China Federation of trade unions and Secretary of the all China Seamen's Union.

In January 1931, he was elected a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee. On the issue of whether the Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee should be held or not, Chen Yu disagreed with MiFu, the head of the Oriental Department of the Communist International. On major issues such as how to carry out the workers' movement, Chen Yu had conflicts with Wang Ming and others. Knowing that it was difficult for him to work in Shanghai, he asked to study in the Soviet Union. On June 4, 1931, the CPC Central Committee informed Chen Yu to study at Lenin college in Moscow, the Soviet Union. Soon, the college Party committee appointed him Secretary of the Party branch of the Chinese ethnic group.

In January 1932, shortly after Wang Ming went to Moscow to be the head of the delegation of the CPC Central Committee to the Communist International, he made a lot of difficulties and slandered Chen Yu, insisting that he was a "rightist" and tried to get rid of Chen Yu's branch secretary by reelection. However, Chen Yu was still elected by an overwhelming majority.

In January 1934, Lenin college carried out the party clean-up. Under the control of Wang Ming and others, Chen Yu was listed as the key object of criticism. He was asked to account for his "mistakes" at the meeting of teachers and students of the whole college. It was difficult for Kang Sheng to lead his hair. After the meeting, Chen Yu appealed to the college Party committee and denied the mistakes imposed on him by Wang Ming and others, but he was finally punished by "serious warning" and sent to Stalingrad tractor factory for labor training. After he arrived at the factory, he worked actively and learned advanced technology. He soon became a highly valued skilled worker in the factory. Later, he was promoted to level 8 technician and technician, known as "red worker Peter". During this period, Chen Yu wrote eight letters to the delegation of the Communist Party of China and the Communist International, asking for the transfer of his party organization relationship. However, Wang Ming withheld his organization relationship, making Chi unable to lead an organizational life.

In October 1938, Ren Bishi went to Moscow to serve as the head of the CPC delegation to the Communist International. Soon after, he found out that Chen Yu had been framed.

In November 1939, Zhou Enlai went to Moscow to listen to Ren Bishi's report. After studying and solving Chen Yu's problem with the Communist International Supervision Commission, Zhou Enlai decided to cancel the punishment of "serious warning" to Chen Yu, restore relations and send him back to work.

In the spring of 1940, Chen Yu returned to Yan'an to study in the first Department of the Central Party school. He combined his nearly 20 years of revolutionary practice and wrote a 30000 word study summary. In 1943, Chen Yu was transferred to the northwest finance and Economics Office to lead the industrial work in the border region.

In April 1945, Chen Yu was elected as an alternate member of the seventh CPC Central Committee.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he successively served as Deputy Secretary of the CPC Jiangxi Provincial Committee, Secretary of the Party committee of the yibohua region, political commissar of the bolijun District, director of the industrial and Mining Department of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, deputy director of the Northeast Industrial Committee, Secretary of the CPC Liaoning Provincial Committee, and Deputy Secretary of the Changchun Municipal Committee.

In 1948, he was Minister of the Ministry of industry of the Northeast People's government and member of the Standing Committee of the all China Federation of trade unions.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he served successively as Minister of the Ministry of fuel industry and Minister of the Ministry of coal industry of the Central People's Government of the people's Republic of China.

In August 1958, Chen Yu was transferred to be Secretary of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee and governor of Guangdong Province. During his term of office, he attached great importance to basic industry and tried his best to solve the energy problem in Guangdong. For this reason, he personally led the technical personnel to conduct investigation and research in Nanling mining area, and also mobilized the masses to look for coal. He went to Maoming, Leizhou Peninsula, Hainan and other places for many times to work with workers, technicians and local cadres to study oil prospecting. He paid a special visit to geologist Li Siguang and asked him how to find oil in the South China Sea. Chen Yu also proposed to vigorously develop sugar production to meet the needs of the people in the province. Chen Yu has been director of China Export Commodities Fair for a long time and has made important contributions to the development of foreign trade. In order to solve the problem of shortage of fresh water supply in Hong Kong, Chen Yu, with the approval of the Central Committee and the provincial Party committee, built 83 kilometers of water channels in less than one year, and delivered fresh water to Hong Kong after eight levels of upgrading.

In April 1966, Chen Yu served as the third secretary of the Central South Bureau and presided over the daily work of the Bureau.

In February 1968, nominated by Zhou Enlai, Chen Yu was appointed deputy director of the Guangdong Provincial Revolutionary Committee and member of the party's core group. Although he is not in good health, he often goes to various regions to check and guide his work.

In 1973, when his condition deteriorated further, he still kept on thinking about the problem of oil development and said to the people around him, "this is a major event. Guangdong has oil. Premier Zhou wants to criticize Guangdong for not finding oil. "

On March 21, 1974, Chen Yu died in Guangzhou.

Commemoration of later generations

March 21, 2004 is the 30th anniversary of the death of Comrade Chen Yu, the proletarian revolutionist of the older generation, one of the pioneers of China's labor movement, the former Third Secretary of the Central South Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Secretary of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee and governor of Guangdong Province. In memory of Comrade Chen Yu, the Publicity Department of the CPC Guangdong Provincial Committee, the Publicity Department of the CPC Shenzhen Municipal Committee, the Nanshan District Party committee and the district government of Shenzhen jointly compiled and printed the album of Chen Yu.

Chinese PinYin : Chen Yu