Chen Bangyan

Chen Bangyan

Chen Bangyan (1603-1647), named Lingbin, was born in Longshan, Shunde, Guangdong Province. He was the national hero of the Southern Ming Dynasty against the Qing Dynasty, the head of the three loyalists in Lingnan, and the father of Chen Gongyin. In his early years, he was a famous scholar and teacher in southern Guangdong. Chen Bangyan, who died in the Ming Dynasty and was 40 years old, wrote wanyanshu in Zhongxing Zhengyao Qilun. He took part in the Guangdong Provincial examination in the Southern Ming Dynasty. He was promoted to the head of the Department of military affairs, and was sent to Ganzhou to participate in the military. In 1647 (the first year of Yongli), he made a secret agreement with Chen Zizhuang. He attacked Guangzhou and was defeated in Qingyuan. Chengpo was arrested and sentenced to death. Chen Bangyan had a deep sense of national integrity, and his poems were also well-known at that time. Together with Li suiqiu and Kuang Lu, he was known as "the top three schools in Lingnan".

Life of the characters

He lost his ambition in the imperial examination and taught his father

Chen Bangyan was smart and diligent since childhood. In 1621 (the first year of the Apocalypse), he was admitted as a scholar. After that, he failed to take part in the local examination for many times, so he set up a school with his father in Daliang to teach students. He was called Mr. yanye. He studied the book of changes, Mao's poetry and the study of statecraft. He paid close attention to the state affairs and put forward appropriate suggestions for the government and county affairs. Local government officials often consult him when they have political difficulties. Bang Yan was full of classics, but he didn't succeed in the imperial examination. He failed in the examination many times. People were deeply aggrieved, but he didn't like it.

The second suggestion was rejected

In 1644 (the 17th year of Chongzhen), the Qing army entered the pass and established the Central Plains. Zhu Yousong, the king of fortune, established the Hongguang court in Nanjing. In the face of the national crisis, Chen Bangyan was on fire, crying out: "those who don't want to serve the country at this time are not husbands!" At the end of the lecture, he elaborately wrote tens of thousands of words of "Zhongxing political leaders", which specifically listed 32 strategies of resisting the enemy and saving the country. He went to Nanjing to present himself to Emperor Hongguang, but he was not accepted.

In 1645 (the first year of Hongguang), the Nanjing regime was defeated by the Qing army. The Tang King of the Southern Ming Dynasty established the Longwu Dynasty of the Southern Ming Dynasty in Fuzhou. In the following year, he appointed Chen Bangyan as the Department of military affairs. He led more than ten thousand Guangxi Wolf soldiers to Nan'an, Jiangxi Province to fight against the Qing soldiers with Su Guansheng, a bachelor. After he was appointed, he put forward many good strategies to attack the Qing army, but they were all rejected by the Soviet Union. After emperor Longwu was captured by the Qing army, Chen was forced to return to Guangdong with Su Guansheng. At the critical moment of the current situation, Chen Bangyan repeatedly called on the two separate regimes of Nanming (Shaowu regime in Guangzhou and Yongli regime in Zhaoqing) to turn the war into a war of friendship and join hands to fight against the Qing soldiers. However, due to the interference of Su Guansheng and other officials, the two separate courts of Nanming Dynasty fought against each other, resulting in more and more severe fratricidal. As a result, they were attacked by the Qing army, and the Shaowu regime and the Yongli regime were destroyed one after another. At the beginning of autumn in 1645 (the first year of Hongguang), when Bangyan said goodbye to his family and went north, he wrote his farewell work "a farewell to the Pearl River by boat, a farewell to the wine and preserves of Zhuzi", which is characterized by high voice and cold in July. Night crossing may know desert? Where is Chang'an in the sun! Cup because of farewell and sage, policy for worry when miscellaneous tube Han. Yan Shi, ashamed of himself, still leaps and melts. When he comes back, he will not laugh at the old Confucian crown.

Attach to Yu Jian, fight against Qing army

In 1645 (the first year of Hongguang), after the fall of Hongguang Dynasty, Zhu Yujian, the ninth grandson of Zhu Yuanzhang, was hailed as emperor in Fuzhou by a group of literati and military generals. He established the Longwu Dynasty and visited people of virtue to organize the Anti Japanese war. After reading Chen Bangyan's Zhongxing Zhengyao, Emperor Longwu praised Chen Bangyan and called him a "genius" and ordered him to go to Fujian as soon as possible to discuss the country. Chen Bangyan didn't go to Fuzhou immediately because he couldn't do two things. Only in May of the second year, after the Nanming regime was destroyed by the Qing army. He just made up his mind to attach himself to Yu Jian, and took part in the only local examination of the Longwu Dynasty held in June, and won the seventh place. Three days before the publication of the list, he was appointed as a supervisor by Yu Jian.

In 1646 (the second year of the reign of emperor Longwu), Chen Bangyan was promoted to the head of the Department of military affairs. He supervised Guangdong soldiers to enter Jiangxi and helped Su Guansheng defend the north line. The Qing troops pressed the border and attacked Ganzhou. Su Guansheng stood still and looked around. Although Chen Bangyan repeatedly asked for war, he was not approved. After the fall of Ganzhou, the Qing army entered Fujian and captured Fuzhou. Zheng Zhilong, the general of the Longwu Dynasty, surrendered to the enemy in public, and Emperor Longwu was captured and killed. The Longwu Dynasty also followed the Hongguang Dynasty. At this time, Su Guansheng was eager to return to Guangzhou and establish a new leader. He ignored Bangyan's suggestion of relying on the natural danger of Wuling and Hanjiang to resist the enemy from the north and the East in order to keep Guangdong and establish a consolidated base, and ordered the whole army to withdraw. Bang Yan asked Su Guan to build the fire through Huizhou and Chaozhou to rescue the front-line defenders in Quanzhou and Zhangzhou, and asked him to lead an army to guard Nan'an. The request to resist the Qing army in the North Road was not accepted, so he had to withdraw South together.

Regroup the troops and save the lives

In 1646 (the second year of Longwu), Chen Bangyan sneaked into the mountainous area of Gaoming County under his pseudonym to reorganize the anti Qing armed forces, and would attack Guangzhou and Shunde together with the Yulong army. In the Qing Dynasty, Li Chengdong captured Zhaoqing and went deep into the hinterland of Guangxi to catch up with Yongli Junchen. Soon after, the Qing army of Tong Yangjia and Li Chengdong attacked Guangzhou, and Shaowu regime fell. Emperor Yongli, who lived in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, fled to Guangxi. Li Chengdong's army took advantage of the victory to pursue Guangxi, and the Yongli court was in danger.

Chen Bangyan's savior is eager to go to Shunde and ask Yu Long for help. Yu Long and others were originally recruited by Ming general Wan Yuanji to help Jiangxi Province. After the fall of Ganzhou, they had nothing to live for, so they fell to the grass and became bandits in ganzhutan. There were more than 20000 people in the original team and the attached rout troops. After persuasion, they agreed to help Chen Bangyan attack Guangzhou. On the other hand, Chen Bangyan got in touch with Zhang Jiayu, the anti Qing righteous man in Dongguan, and Zhang agreed to help him.

Seeing the soldiers pressing the border, Tong Yangjia suddenly gave birth to a clever plan. He ordered to close the gate of the city, and was not allowed to fight. On the one hand, he sent a horse to Guangxi to call Li Chengdong back. Rumors spread all over the place that Li Chengdong's army was on the way back to Guangzhou and would soon be killed at ganzhutan. Yu Long is a big old man. He doesn't know what to do. He's anxious to defend his nest. He doesn't know how to meet Chen Bangyan. Gu Zishou goes first. Chen Bangyan is left alone, so he has to withdraw. Later I learned that after receiving the urgent documents from Guangzhou, Li Chengdong really gave up the encirclement of Guilin and returned to Guangzhou. The reason why Yongli's monarchs and ministers can get away from Hukou this time is due to the ingenious use of Chen Bangyan's method of encircling Wei and rescuing Zhao.

Later, Chen Bangyan sent his student Ma Yingfang to join forces with him to recover Shunde. After that, he joined hands with Zhang Jiayu of Dongguan, Chen Zizhuang of Nanhai, Hu Jing and Liang Bin of Shunde, Liang Xinzhuo of Xinxing, Huang Gongfu and he Shixiong of Xinhui, Wang Xing of Enping, Mo Tinglan of Yangjiang, and he Shizhang of Dong'an (now Yunfu) to contain the Qing army. Li Chengdong was forced to give up pursuing emperor Yongli and return to the East. Bang Yan got the news and sent Ma Yingfang and other water troops to the north of Huanglian Township in Shunde to intercept the river. However, he was outnumbered and defeated. Bang Yan took advantage of Li Chengdong's attack on Zhang Jiayu's Department, together with Gao Ming, Mai erxuan and Ou Huaihao, to attack Jiangmen.

His wife and children were killed and he lost the war

At the beginning of 1647 (the first year of Yongli), Tong Yangjia, the governor who regarded Bangyan as a serious trouble, raided Shunde with despicable means, captured Chen Bangyan's two sons, Yin, Yu Yin and a concubine surnamed he who took refuge in Longshan, took them as hostages and recruited Chen Bangyan. Bang Yan replied in the letter of Surrender: "if you insult me, if you kill my son, you will only have life. As a loyal minister, I have no regard for my wife. " This concubine and her two sons were later killed by the Qing army.

In July of 1647 (the first year of Yongli), Chen Bangyan found three former Ming officers in Guangzhou, such as Yang Youyou, Yang Jingye and Huang Tianxi, who were forced to surrender to the Qing Dynasty. They were asked to work as agents in the city. He also arranged three thousand "Huashan bandits" to cheat surrender to the Qing army and sneak in among the Qing army, waiting for an opportunity to start an incident. He and Chen Zizhuang, the former Minister of rites of the Ming Dynasty, planned to divide the army into two routes and attack Guangzhou at the same time. Chen Zizhuang's troops came out of Jiujiang and took charge of attacking the southwest. Chen Bangyan led the Navy and concentrated on attacking the northwest. The three parties agreed that July 7 should be the date of the case. However, due to some unclear reasons, things are not going well. Chen Zizhuang's troops arrived in Guangzhou two days early and stationed at Wuyang post. One of his family boys was captured by the Qing army and told the truth. As a result, three thousand "Huashan robbers" and Yang youyou in the city were seized and executed by the Qing army.

The situation is very disadvantageous to ER Chen. At this time, Li Chengdong defeated Zhang Jiayu in Dongguan. On the way back to the city, the fleet drove to yuzhuzhou, where they met Chen Bangyan's navy, and a bloody battle broke out between the two sides. Chen Jun launched a fire attack by taking advantage of the wind. Li Chengdong couldn't resist the enemy and lost. Chen Jun pursued after him. At that time, Chen Zizhuang's troops were lying in ambush near white goose pond, ready to meet Chen Bangyan at any time. Bangyan's warship was decorated with Zhu's green flag. They knew it. However, because it was dusk, the soldiers could not distinguish the color of the flag. When they saw the black warships ahead, they came riding the wind and waves. They thought that the clear troops were coming. They were flustered. When they saw that there were still their own people behind the enemy, they were in a mess and lost in the end.

After that, Chen Bangyan turned to attack Sanshui and Gaoming, and then fought with the Qing soldiers in Xinhui and Xiangshan. Later, he was taken over by Bai changcan, the commander of Qingyuan of the old Ming Dynasty, who fled to Qingyuan and set up a wooden fence at Jiangkou. When the Qing soldiers came and attacked again, Chen's army was defeated in the battle, and Huo's division was killed, so he had to retreat into the city to defend himself.

The Qing army besieged the city and would rather die than surrender

The Qing army surrounded Qingyuan City and attacked it for ten days. From the morning to the afternoon, Chen Bangyan was injured in many places, and his second son Xinyin was killed. He also had three knives in his shoulder, dripping with blood. Knowing that the situation had gone, he retreated to Zhu's garden and wrote three poems on the garden wall, one of which was a six character poem

"In my life, I serve my country deeply, and I look forward to the sound of the West. It has been established in Hong Hua Bi,

Chinese PinYin : Chen Bang Yan